BEIJING, Oct. 16, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- The grand event of the global ice and snow industry, the World Winter Sports Expo 2026 (WWSE 2026), was held in Beijing on October 15. As an important legacy of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, this Expo aligns with China's "15th Five‑Year Plan" directives for the ice and snow industry. Its core mission is to expand the ice and snow economy, cultivate new productive forces in the sector, and promote deep integration of culture, sports, and tourism. It brought together representatives from government authorities, industry leaders, cultural‑tourism‑sports experts, outdoor film and media creators, and institutions across the entire value chain. Focusing on three strategic directions, upgrading the ice and snow industry, deepening culture‑sports‑tourism integration, and empowering the outdoor economy through technology, this WWSE features an opening ceremony, a main conference, multiple parallel sessions, and special thematic events. Together, these form a high‑end platform for achievement showcase, intellectual exchange, business matchmaking, and resource aggregation, aimed at driving higher‑quality growth for China's ice and snow and outdoor sectors.
Positioned at the pivotal starting point of a new decade of development, this Expo delivers a comprehensive upgrade: internationalization continues to reach new heights, the entire ice and snow value chain is presented in a coordinated way, scientific and technological innovation empowers the sector, ice and snow destinations pursue diversified growth, youth engagement in ice and snow sports advances through systematic promotion, forum agendas focus on niche tracks, the Ice and Snow Carnival offers a whole-scenario experience, industry-academia-research collaboration and industry services assume a stronger leading role, and a range of measures inject fresh vitality into the ice and snow economy.
kAmpE E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J @7 E96 (($t a_ae 2?5 v=@32= x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ $F>>:E[ >@C6 E92? a__ 5@>6DE:4 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2= 5:8?:E2C:6D 82E96C65 E@ H:E?6DD E96 tIA@VD =2F?49] p>@?8 E96> H6C6i *F +2:B:?8[ w@?@C2CJ |6>36C @7 E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= ~=J>A:4 r@>>:EE66 2?5 ':46 !C6D:56?E @7 E96 r9:?6D6 ~=J>A:4 r@>>:EE66j *F6 {:[ p4E:?8 s:DEC:4E |2J@C @7 $9:;:?8D92? 2?5 s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ @7 E96 r!r $9:;:?8D92? s:DEC:4E r@>>:EE66 @7 q6:;:?8 |F?:4:A2=:EJj %@?8 +92@[ s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ\v6?6C2= 2?5 ~77:46 s:C64E@C @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= ~C82?:K:?8 r@>>:EE66 @7 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6Dj +9F s@?872?8[ !C6D:56?E @7 pD:2 s2E2 vC@FAj uC2?K #@6DD=6C[ r@>>6C4:2= r@F?D6==@C 2E E96 pFDEC:2? t>32DDJ :? q6:;:?8[ 2?5 w625 @7 E96 ps'p}%pvt p&$%#xp q6:;:?8j w@?8 !:?8[ ':46 !C6D:56?E @7 q6:;:?8 $A@CE &?:G6CD:EJj (2?8 s@?8[ s6AFEJ s:C64E@C @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= qFC62F @7 $A@CED[ 2?5 uF==\%:>6 s6AFEJ s:C64E@C @7 E96 r@>A6E:E:@? s6A2CE>6?E @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= ~C82?:K:?8 r@>>:EE66 7@C E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6Dj v2@ +92@J:[ |6>36C @7 E96 {625:?8 !2CEJ |6>36CD vC@FA 2?5 s:C64E@C @7 E96 $A@CED qFC62F @7 E96 ):?;:2?8 &J8FC pFE@?@>@FD #68:@?j +92? (6:[ ':46 |2J@C @7 E96 uFD9F? |F?:4:A2= !6@A=6VD v@G6C?>6?E @7 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?46j +92?8 {:[ r@\!C6D:56?E @7 pD:2 s2E2 vC@FAj {: y:2?C@F[ ~=J>A:4 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@?j (2?8 q:?8JF[ (@C=5 rFC=:?8 r92>A:@?j +92@ }2??2?[ (@C=5 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@?j 2?5 y:2?8 *:J:[ s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ @7 E96 !2CEJ r@>>:EE66 2?5 s62?[ $49@@= @7 {6:DFC6 $A@CED 2?5 %@FC:D>[ q6:;:?8 $A@CE &?:G6CD:EJ]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J w6=5 :? vC2?5 $EJ=6[ &?:E:?8 p== !2CE?6CD E@ r92CE E96 x?5FDECJVD q=F6AC:?E %@86E96C‌k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm~? E96 >@C?:?8 @7 ~4E@36C `d[ E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J @7 E96 (($t a_ae 2?5 v=@32= x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ $F>>:E H2D 96=5] r=@D6=J 7@==@H:?8 E96 56G6=@A>6?E 5:C64E:@? 7@C E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ D6E @FE :? r9:?2VD `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm u:G6\*62C !=2?[ E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J E@@< @? E96 :>A@CE2?E >:DD:@?D @7 A@=:4J AC@>@E:@?[ :?5FDECJ 82E96C:?8[ :?E6C?2E:@?2= 5:2=@8F6 2?5 249:6G6>6?E C6=62D6[ 2?5 3F:=E 2 3C:586 7@C 9:89\=6G6= 5:2=@8F6 2>@?8 8@G6C?>6?E 286?4:6D[ :?E6C?2E:@?2= DA@CED @C82?:K2E:@?D[ :?5FDECJ 4@>A2?:6D 2?5 C6D62C49[ 4F=EFC2= 2?5 E@FC:D> :?DE:EFE:@?D] $6CG:?8 3@E9 2D 2 4@?46?EC2E65 D9@H42D6 @7 r9:?2VD 249:6G6>6?ED :? E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 2?5 2D 2 <6J A=2E7@C> 7@C E96 :?5FDECJ E@ 2DD6DD EC6?5D[ 4@??64E H:E9 C6D@FC46D 2?5 3F:=5 4@?D6?DFD[ :E :?;64E65 DEC@?8 >@>6?EF> :?E@ E96 :??@G2E:G6 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H 2?5 @FE5@@C :?5FDEC:6D E9C@F89@FE E96 J62C]k^Am
kAmpE E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J[ w@?@C2CJ |6>36C @7 E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= ~=J>A:4 r@>>:EE66 2?5 ':46 !C6D:56?E @7 E96 r9:?6D6 ~=J>A:4 r@>>:EE66[ *F +2:B:?8[ 56=:G6C65 E96 @A6?:?8 255C6DD] `` J62CD 28@[ 96 D2:5[ E96 tIA@ H2D =2F?4965 2=@?8D:56 q6:;:?8VD DF446DD7F= 3:5 E@ 9@DE E96 ~=J>A:4 (:?E6C v2>6D] %@52J[ :E 92D 8C@H? :?E@ @?6 @7 E96 H@C=5VD =625:?8 A=2E7@C>D :? E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] xE 92D 5C:G6? r9:?2VD D9:7E 7C@> 36:?8 2 >2;@C 4@?DF>6C >2C<6E E@ 364@>:?8 2 A@H6C7F= :?5FDECJ =6256C[ 2?5 E96 (:?E6C ~=J>A:4D =6824J 4@?E:?F6D E@ AC@G:56 >@>6?EF>] ~? E9:D 32D:D[ 96 42==65 7@C FA9@=5:?8 E96 ~=J>A:4 DA:C:E @7 Q%@86E96CQ[ 566A6?:?8 :?E6C?2E:@?2= 4@@A6C2E:@? @? :46 2?5 D?@H[ 2?5 25G2?4:?8 E96 :?E6==:86?E[ 8C66? 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2= 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 :?5FDECJ]k^Am
kAm*F6 {:[ p4E:?8 s:DEC:4E |2J@C @7 $9:;:?8D92? 2?5 s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ @7 E96 r!r $9:;:?8D92? s:DEC:4E r@>>:EE66 @7 q6:;:?8 |F?:4:A2=:EJ[ E96? 56=:G6C65 2? 255C6DD] %96 tIA@ 92D 8C@H? :?E@ 2? :?7=F6?E:2= :?E6C?2E:@?2= :46 2?5 D?@H 6G6?E 2?5 D6CG6D 2D 2? :>A@CE2?E =:?< 7@C $9:;:?8D92? E@ 4@??64E H:E9 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H C6D@FC46D] pD 2 9@DE 5:DEC:4E @7 E96 q6:;:?8 ~=J>A:4 (:?E6C v2>6D[ $9:;:?8D92? 92D 4@?E:?F65 E@ C6G:E2=:K6 E96 (:?E6C ~=J>A:4 =6824J[ 3F:=5 2 7@FC\D62D@? 6G6?ED >2EC:I[ 2?5 AC@>@E6 E96 :?E68C2E65 56G6=@A>6?E @7 :46 2?5 D?@H 2?5 E96 6G6?ED 64@?@>J] w6 6IAC6DD65 E96 9@A6 E@ D92C6 E96 (:?E6C ~=J>A:4 =6824J 2?5 ;@:?E=J 6IA=@C6 E96 3=F6 @462? @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ H:E9 2== A2CE:6D[ D@ 2D E@ 96=A 25G2?46 E96 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H 64@?@>J]k^Am
kAmpD E96 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6 @7 E9:D J62CVD vF6DE !C@G:?46 @7 w@?@C[ %@?8 +92@[ s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ\v6?6C2= 2?5 ~77:46 s:C64E@C @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= ~C82?:K:?8 r@>>:EE66 @7 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D[ 56=:G6C65 2? 255C6DD 2E E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J] $96 ?@E65 E92E {:2@?:?8 92D 566A E:6D H:E9 (($t[ 2?5 E9:D J62C :E :D 5C2H:?8 @? :ED DE2EFD 2D vF6DE !C@G:?46 @7 w@?@C E@ AC6D6?E E96 AC@G:?46VD :46 2?5 D?@H C6D@FC46D[ :?5FDEC:2= 249:6G6>6?ED 2?5 4@@A6C2E:@? @AA@CEF?:E:6D] (:E9 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D D6E E@ 36 96=5 :? {:2@?:?8 :? a_ag[ :E :D 6IA64E65 E@ 364@>6 E96 7:CDE :? r9:?2 E@ 92G6 9@DE65 3@E9 E96 }2E:@?2= v2>6D 2?5 E96 }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D] {:2@?:?8 =@@<D 7@CH2C5 E@ =62C?:?8 7C@> :?E6C?2E:@?2= 6IA6C:6?46 E9C@F89 E96 tIA@ 2?5 6IE6?565 2 H2C> :?G:E2E:@? E@ 2== A2CE:6D E@ ;@:? :E 7@C E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D]k^Am
kAmr9C:DE@A96 sF3:[ ~=J>A:4 v2>6D tI64FE:G6 s:C64E@C @7 E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= ~=J>A:4 r@>>:EE66[ E96? 56=:G6C65 2? 255C6DD 3J G:56@] w6 C6G:6H65 q6:;:?8 a_aaVD 6IA6C:6?46 @7 9@DE:?8 E96 v2>6D 24C@DD >F=E:A=6 4@>A6E:E:@? K@?6D 2?5 4@?EC2DE65 :E H:E9 |:=2?@ r@CE:?2 a_aeVD 2AAC@249 @7 E2:=@C:?8 E96 v2>6D E@ =@42= 4@?5:E:@?D[ AC@A@D:?8 E92E E96 v2>6D D9@F=5 252AE E@ E96 9@DE C2E96C E92? E96 9@DE 252AE:?8 E@ E96 G6?F6D] w6 2=D@ 277:C>65 E96 G2=F6 @7 7@CH2C5\=@@<:?8 A=2??:?8 7@C ~=J>A:4 G6?F6D 2?5 E96:C A@DE\v2>6D C6FD6[ 2?5 ?@E65 E92E 4=:>2E6 492?86 :D 4@?7C@?E:?8 E96 :?5FDECJ H:E9 492==6?86D C2?8:?8 7C@> D?@H C6D@FC46D E@ 6?6C8J 4@?DF>AE:@?[ >2<:?8 E96 EC2?D7@C>2E:@? @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 2== E96 >@C6 FC86?E] w6 6IAC6DD65 E96 9@A6 E92E E9@D6 6?82865 :? E96 :?5FDECJ H@F=5 H@C< E@86E96C E@ 6IA=@C6 2 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E A2E9 7@C :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED]k^Am
kAmx? E96 <6J?@E6 DA6649 D6DD:@?[ w@?8 !:?8[ ':46 !C6D:56?E @7 q6:;:?8 $A@CE &?:G6CD:EJ[ 2?5 u@C>6C s6AFEJ s:C64E@C @7 E96 (:?E6C $A@CED |2?286>6?E r6?E6C[ v6?6C2= p5>:?:DEC2E:@? @7 $A@CE @7 r9:?2[ D92C65 9:D :?D:89ED F?56C E96 E96>6 @7 Q#67=64E:@?D 2?5 tIA=@C2E:@?D @? E96 w:89\"F2=:EJ s6G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ — %C6?5 %C2?D7@C>2E:@?[ x?E6==:86?E |2?F724EFC:?8[ 2?5 $276EJ v@G6C?2?46Q] w6 ?@E65 E92E r9:?2VD DA@CED >2C<6E :D 9F86 :? D42=6 2?5 E92E ?6H :?5@@C :46 2?5 D?@H 7@C>2ED 2C6 C:D:?8 C2A:5=J[ H:E9 :46 2?5 D?@H 4@?DF>AE:@? 364@>:?8 2? :>A@CE2?E =6G6C 7@C 3@@DE:?8 5@>6DE:4 56>2?5[ J6E E96 :?5FDECJVD 56G6=@A>6?E DE:== 72==D D9@CE :? D6G6C2= C6DA64ED] w6 E96C67@C6 42==65 7@C 2 A6@A=6\46?E6C65 2AAC@249[ 3F:=5:?8 2 4@FA=65 Q9F>2?–>249:?6–6?G:C@?>6?EQ >682\DJDE6> 2?5 56G6=@A:?8 7:7E9\86?6C2E:@? D<: AC@5F4ED E92E 2C6 D4:6?46\32D65[ D>2CE[ 8C66?[ 962=E9J 2?5 D276] %9:D H:== 5C:G6 E96 9:89\BF2=:EJ 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ E9C@F89 56>2?5 AF== 2?5 D4:6?E:7:4 2?5 E649?@=@8:42= :??@G2E:@?]k^Am
kAmx? E96:C 255C6DD6D[ p=6I2?56C ~DA6=E[ !C6D:56?E @7 x?E6C?2E:@?2= $<: 2?5 $?@H3@2C5 u656C2E:@? Wux$Xj ~==6 s29=:?[ w@?@C2CJ !C6D:56?E @7 E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= q:2E9=@? &?:@? Wxq&Xj 2?5 t:?2CD u@86=:D[ !C6D:56?E @7 E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= {F86 u656C2E:@? Wux{X[ 4@?G6J65 2 D92C65 >6DD286 7C@> E96 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJi DE2J:?8 @A6? 2?5 4@==23@C2E:G6[ 2?5 H@C<:?8 E@86E96C 7@C E96 :?5FDECJVD 56G6=@A>6?E] %96J 277:C>65 E92E E96 tIA@ 92D 3F:=E 2 A=2E7@C> 7@C 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H 6I492?86 2?5 4@@A6C2E:@?[ C64@8?:K65 E96 C2A:5 8C@HE9 @7 :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED :? pD:2[ D92C65 E96 @FE4@>6D @7 |:=2?@ r@CE:?2 a_ae[ 2?5 9:89=:89E65 E96 :>A@CE2?46 @7 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E :? :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED] {@@<:?8 29625[ E96J 6IAC6DD65 E96 9@A6 @7 FD:?8 E96 tIA@ E@ 566A6? 4C@DD\C68:@?2= 2?5 4C@DD\86?6C2E:@?2= 6I492?86D 2?5 E@ ;@:?E=J 25G2?46 E96 4@?E:?F65 AC@DA6C:EJ @7 H:?E6C DA@CED]k^Am
kAmx? E96 C6A@CE C6=62D6 D6DD:@?[ r@\!C6D:56?E @7 pD:2 s2E2 vC@FA +92?8 {: =2F?4965 E96 Q#6A@CE @? r9:?2VD (:?E6C $A@CED x?5FDECJ s6G6=@A>6?E Wa_aeXQ] sC2H:?8 @? 2 4@>A2C:D@? @7 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ EC6?5D[ D96 A@:?E65 @FE E92E E96 D42=6 @7 r9:?2VD :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 925 E@AA65 E96 @?6\EC:==:@?\JF2? >2C<[ E96 :?5FDECJVD 8C@HE9 925 D9:7E65 7C@> D42=6 6IA2?D:@? E@ G2=F6 6?92?46>6?E[ 2?5 E92E A2CE:4:A2E:@? 2?5 E96 ?F>36C @7 C6=2E65 6?E6CAC:D6D H6C6 4@?E:?F:?8 E@ 8C@H] %96 :?5FDECJVD DA2E:2= =2J@FE 92D >@G65 36J@?5 E96 @=5 QDEC@?8 :? E96 ?@CE9[ H62< :? E96 D@FE9Q A2EE6C?[ 2?5 r9:?2VD 5:DE:?4E:G6 :?5@@C :46 2?5 D?@H >@56= :D 8C25F2==J 36:?8 :?EC@5F465 E@ >2C<6ED 23C@25] $96 2=D@ AC6D6?E65 52E2 2?5 E96 4FCC6?E DE2E6 @7 6249 D68>6?E[ :?4=F5:?8 :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED[ 6BF:A>6?E[ E@FC:D>[ 4F=EFC6 2?5 E649?@=@8J[ H9:=6 7=288:?8 E96 6I:DE:?8 492==6?86D :? E2=6?E[ E649?@=@8J[ 64@=@8:42= AC@E64E:@? 2?5 x! 56G6=@A>6?E] $96 AC@A@D65 E92E E96 :?5FDECJ D9@F=5 7@4FD @? E9C66 >2:? =:?6D[ E96 :?E68C2E:@? @7 >F=E:A=6 :46 2?5 D?@H 3FD:?6DD 7@C>2ED[ 5:8:E2= 2?5 D>2CE FA8C25:?8[ 2?5 8C66?[ =@H\42C3@? 2?5 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E[ D@ 2D E@ <66A 25G2?4:?8 r9:?2VD EC2?D:E:@? 7C@> 2 >2;@C :46 2?5 D?@H 4@?DF>6C >2C<6E E@ 2 DEC@?8 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ A@H6C]k^Am
kAmu@==@H:?8 E92E[ y:2?8 *:J:[ s6AFEJ $64C6E2CJ @7 E96 !2CEJ r@>>:EE66 2?5 s62?[ $49@@= @7 {6:DFC6 $A@CED 2?5 %@FC:D>[ q6:;:?8 $A@CE &?:G6CD:EJ[ AC6D6?E65 E96 C6A@CE @7 Qx??@G2E:G6 !C24E:46D @7 wF2H6: $>2CE (62C23=6D :? $<::?8 $46?2C:@DQ] $96 ?@E65 E92E D<: 4@?DF>AE:@? :D 364@>:?8 >@C6 =@42= 2?5 7C6BF6?E[ J6E E96 :?5FDECJ DE:== DECF88=6D H:E9 7C28>6?E65 56G:46D[ 52E2 2?5 D6CG:46D] %2<:?8 wF2H6: D>2CE H62C23=6D 2D 2? 6I2>A=6[ D96 :==FDEC2E65 E96 G2=F6 @7 E649?@=@8J :? 6>A@H6C:?8 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] %96 56G:46D 42? :?E68C2E6 52E2 7C@> D<::?8 6BF:A>6?E 2?5 3F:=5 2? 6?5\E@\6?5 D276EJ 2DDFC2?46 DJDE6> 7@C D<::?8 3J 5C2H:?8 @? 9:89\AC64:D:@? A@D:E:@?:?8[ A9JD:@=@8:42= D6?D:?8 2?5 >F=E:\492??6= 4@>>F?:42E:@?] %96J 42? 2=D@ 4@==64E 7F==\D46?2C:@ D<::?8 52E2[ FD6 px\A@H6C65 C6G:6H E@ :>AC@G6 E649?:BF6[ 2?5 6?23=6 G:DF2=:K65 52E2 D92C:?8 E92E DA2C<D :46 2?5 D?@H D@4:2= :?E6C24E:@?] $96 AC@A@D65 E92E DF49 5:8:E2= E649?@=@8:6D 4@F=5 :>AC@G6 D<: AC@7:=6D[ @AE:>:K6 D<: C6D@CE @A6C2E:@?D[ 2?5 @A6? FA 52E2 24C@DD E96 :?5FDECJ 492:?] %9:D H@F=5 >@G6 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 7C@> 5:8:E2= 6>A@H6C>6?E E@H2C5 :?E6==:86?46\5C:G6? 56G6=@A>6?E 2?5 4@?G6CE 4@=5 C6D@FC46D :?E@ 2 9@E 64@?@>J]k^Am
kAm%96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J 2=D@ 762EFC65 E96 =2F?49 46C6>@?J @7 E96 x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ x?G6DE>6?E 2?5 s6G6=@A>6?E !=2E7@C>] %96 A=2E7@C> H2D ;@:?E=J :?:E:2E65 3J $F?24 r9:?2 2?5 q~}$zx E@86E96C H:E9 ':4E@CJ $E2C s6D:8?[ tE6C?2= $E2C x46 U2>Aj $?@H[ 2?5 q:? y2C2==29 vC@FA] u@4FD:?8 @? E96 :?G6DE>6?E[ 4@?DECF4E:@? 2?5 @A6C2E:@? @7 :?5@@C :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D :? r9:?2[ :E H:== 3C:?8 E@86E96C C6D@FC46D DA2??:?8 56D:8?[ 6BF:A>6?E 2?5 42A:E2=[ C6D@=G6 E96 5:77:4F=E:6D 2?5 A2:? A@:?ED :? E96 4@?DECF4E:@? 2?5 @A6C2E:@? @7 :?5@@C :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D[ 96=A r9:?2VD :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D :>AC@G6 BF2=:EJ 2?5 6IA2?5 42A24:EJ[ 2?5 AC@>@E6 E96 9:89\BF2=:EJ A@AF=2C:K2E:@? @7 :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED]k^Am
kAm%96 Qx46 2?5 $?@H $665D :? %9@FD2?5D @7 $49@@=D @7 wF?5C65D @7 r:E:6DQ — }2E:@?2= *@FE9 x46 2?5 $?@H $A@CED !C@>@E:@? !F3=:4 (6=72C6 !C@8C2> H2D 2=D@ =2F?4965 @? D:E6[ H:E9 2? @A6?:?8 46C6>@?J :? H9:49 2? pxvr 5:8:E2= 9F>2? 6I492?86D 2 4C@DD\DA2E:@E6>A@C2= 9:89\7:G6 H:E9 Qx46 2?5 $?@H %66?DQ] %9:D :??@G2E:G6 5:8:E2= 7@C>2E 3C@256?D E96 C6249 @7 J@FE9 :46 2?5 D?@H 65F42E:@?] #6AC6D6?E2E:G6D @7 6?E6CAC:D6D 7C@> E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ A=2E7@C>[ D<: C6D@CE @A6C2E:@?D[ :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED EC2:?:?8 2?5 DA@CED D6CG:46D D64E@CD[ E@86E96C H:E9 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6D 7C@> E96 65F42E:@? D64E@C[ H:E?6DD65 E96 @77:4:2= =2F?49 @7 E96 AC@8C2>] pE E96 46C6>@?J[ {: y:2?C@F[ ~=J>A:4 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@?[ (2?8 q:?8JF[ (@C=5 rFC=:?8 r92>A:@?[ 2?5 +92@ }2??2?[ (@C=5 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@?[ :DDF65 2? 2AA62= E@ J@F?8 A6@A=6 ?2E:@?H:56 E@ 36 6?82865 :? :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED[ 6?4@FC28:?8 E96> E@ 3F:=5 DEC@?8 3@5:6D[ E6>A6C E96:C H:==A@H6C 2?5 6IA6C:6?46 E96 F?:BF6 DA:C:EF2= A@H6C @7 H:?E6C DA@CED] %96 AC@8C2> :D ;@:?E=J :?:E:2E65 3J pD:2 s2E2 vC@FA 2?5 E96 *@FE9 x46 2?5 $?@H $A@CED t5F42E:@? r@>>:EE66 @7 E96 v=@32= x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ p==:2?46] xE H:== 56=:G6C :46 2?5 D?@H A@AF=2C:K2E:@? 4@FCD6D 2?5 6IA6C:6?E:2= 24E:G:E:6D :? E9@FD2?5D @7 D49@@=D @7 9F?5C65D @7 4:E:6D 24C@DD r9:?2[ 7FCE96C =@H6C:?8 E96 E9C6D9@=5 7@C J@F?8 A6@A=6 E@ A2CE:4:A2E6 :? :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED]k^Am
kAm%96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J 4@?4=F565 H:E9 2 C@F?5\E23=6 5:D4FDD:@? E96>65 Qp }6H x46 2?5 $?@H {2?5D42A6 t>A@H6C65 3J $4:6?46 2?5 %649?@=@8JQ[ >@56C2E65 3J {: {:[ s6AFEJ v6?6C2= |2?286C @7 pD:2 s2E2 vC@FA q6:;:?8 qC2?49] xE 3C@F89E E@86E96C uC2?K #@6DD=6C[ r@>>6C4:2= r@F?D6==@C 2E E96 pFDEC:2? t>32DDJ :? q6:;:?8[ 2?5 w625 @7 E96 ps'p}%pvt p&$%#xp q6:;:?8j {: y:2?C@F[ ~=J>A:4 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@?j u=@C:2? w2;K6C:[ v6?6C2= |2?286C @7 %649?@p=A:? x46 2?5 $?@H tBF:A>6?E +92?8;:2<@F r@][ {E5]j 2?5 *: {:[ ':46 !C6D:56?E @7 q~}$zx] %96 8F6DED 6?82865 :? :?\56AE9 6I492?86D @? E@A:4D :?4=F5:?8 :?E6C?2E:@?2= 4@@A6C2E:@? :? E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ[ E649?@=@8J\6?23=65 :46 2?5 D?@H :?DECF4E:@?[ :??@G2E:@? :? :46\>2<:?8 2?5 D?@H>2<:?8 E649?@=@8J[ 2?5 8C66? @A6C2E:@?D @7 :?5@@C D<: C6D@CED] %@86E96C[ E96J 6IA=@C65 2 A2E9 7@C E96 :?5FDECJVD 8C66?[ D>2CE[ 2?5 J62C\C@F?5 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E] %96J 28C665 E92E EC2?D7@C>:?8 2?5 FA8C25:?8 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ C6BF:C6D 4@==23@C2E:G6 :??@G2E:@? 24C@DD E96 6?E:C6 :?5FDECJ 492:?[ ?@E ;FDE 2?J D:?8=6 E649?@=@8:42= 3C62<E9C@F89] %9:D :??@G2E:@? :D ?646DD2CJ E@ >2<6 :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED 8C66?6C[ D>2CE6C[ 2G2:=23=6 J62C\C@F?5[ 2?5 >@C6 :?4=FD:G6]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m|2:? r@?76C6?46 r@?G6?65 7@C x?\s6AE9 s:D4FDD:@?[ t>A@H6C:?8 }6H s6G6=@A>6?E H:E9 2 v=@32= !6CDA64E:G6‌k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm%96 |2:? r@?76C6?46 @7 E96 (($t a_ae 2?5 v=@32= x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ $F>>:E 7@==@H65 @? E96 27E6C?@@? @7 ~4E@36C `d] u@4FD:?8 @? E96 :?5FDECJVD A2:? A@:?ED 2?5 7C@?E:6C 5:C64E:@?D[ :E 3C@F89E E@86E96C 5@>6DE:4 =@42= 8@G6C?>6?E C6AC6D6?E2E:G6D[ F?:G6CD:EJ C6D62C496CD 2?5 6IA6CED[ 2?5 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6D @7 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H 6BF:A>6?E 4@>A2?:6D] xE AC@G:565 :?5FDECJ :?D:89ED 7C@> =@42= AC24E:46D[ 24256>:4 C6D62C49[ E649?@=@8:42= :??@G2E:@?[ 2?5 @G6CD62D 6IA6C:6?46[ @776C:?8 2 AC24E:42= C676C6?46 7@C E96 9:89\BF2=:EJ 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ]k^Am
kAm+92?8 {:[ r@\!C6D:56?E @7 pD:2 s2E2 vC@FA[ 9@DE @7 E96 (($t a_ae[ H2D E96 7:CDE E@ 255C6DD E96 |2:? r@?76C6?46] x? C6G:6H:?8 E96 tIA@VD E6?\J62C ;@FC?6J[ D96 ?@E65 E92E :E 92D H:E?6DD65 r9:?2VD :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJVD =62A7C@8 8C@HE9 @G6C E96 A2DE 564256] %96 :?5FDECJVD D42=6 DFCA2DD65 @?6 EC:==:@? JF2? :? a_ad[ 2?5 4@=5 C6D@FC46D H6C6 DF446DD7F==J 4@?G6CE65 :?E@ 2 3@@>:?8 64@?@>J] %96 tIA@ 92D 2=D@ D66? E96 G:D:@? @7 6?828:?8 b__ >:==:@? A6@A=6 :? H:?E6C DA@CED 364@>6 2 C62=:EJ] xE 92D 4@?E:?F65 E@ 3F:=5 2 A=2E7@C> 7@C :?5FDECJ >2E49>2<:?8[ AC@>@E:?8 6I492?86D 2>@?8 8@G6C?>6?ED 2?5 6?E6CAC:D6D[ 36EH66? :?5FDECJ 2?5 7:?2?46[ 2?5 36EH66? r9:?6D6 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2= A=2J6CD[ 2?5 96=A:?8 E@ 7@C>F=2E6 :?5FDECJ DE2?52C5D] $96 AC@A@D65 E92E D4:6?E:7:4 2?5 E649?@=@8:42= :??@G2E:@?[ 4@?DF>AE:@? FA8C25:?8[ 2?5 8C66? 2?5 =@H\42C3@? 56G6=@A>6?E 2C6 E96 E9C66 >2;@C EC6?5D D92A:?8 E96 :?5FDECJVD 7FEFC6[ 2?5 6IAC6DD65 E96 9@A6 @7 566A6?:?8 8=@32= 4@==23@C2E:@? E9C@F89 E9:D A=2E7@C> E@ ;@:?E=J 25G2?46 E96 DFDE2:?65 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ :? E96 H@C=5]k^Am
kAms2: q:?[ !C6D:56?E @7 r9:?2 %@FC:D> p4256>J Ws2E2 r6?E6C @7 E96 |:?:DECJ @7 rF=EFC6 2?5 %@FC:D> @7 r9:?2X[ 56=:G6C65 2 <6J?@E6 DA6649 E:E=65 Qp q6EE6C {:76 @? x46 2?5 $?@HQ] x46 2?5 D?@H E@FC:D> 92D 364@>6 2? :>A@CE2?E A2CE @7 A6@A=6VD AFCDF:E @7 2 36EE6C =:76] %96 :?5FDECJVD =2?5D42A6 92D D9:7E65 7C@> E96 QE9C66\?@CE9 D?@H 2C4Q[ E92E :D[ 2 D:?8=6 62DE\H6DE 2C4 =:?<:?8 }@CE962DE[ }@CE9H6DE 2?5 }@CE9 r9:?2[ E@H2C5 E9C66 A2C2==6= 56G6=@A>6?E =:?6D CF??:?8 7C@> ?@CE9 E@ D@FE9] %H@\H2J 6I492?86D :? :46 2?5 D?@H 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D> 36EH66? r9:?2 2?5 E96 C6DE @7 E96 H@C=5 4@?E:?F6 E@ 82:? >@>6?EF>] (:E9 A@=:4J 2?5 E96 >2C<6E 24E:?8 2D EH:? 5C:G6CD[ E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 492:? <66AD 6IE6?5:?8 2?5 5:8:E2= E649?@=@8J :D DA2H?:?8 ?6H 3FD:?6DD 7@C>2ED] xE :D E96C67@C6 2== E96 >@C6 ?646DD2CJ E@ :>A=6>6?E 2? :46 2?5 D?@H E@FC:D> 5@F3=:?8 A=2?[ DE6A FA 677@CED E@ 3F:=5 r9:?2 :?E@ 2 DEC@?8 :46 2?5 D?@H E@FC:D> ?2E:@?[ 2?5 25G2?46 E96 J62C\C@F?5 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E @7 :46 2?5 D?@H 56DE:?2E:@?D]k^Am
kAm(2?8 s@?8[ s6AFEJ s:C64E@C @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= qFC62F @7 $A@CED[ 2?5 uF==\%:>6 s6AFEJ s:C64E@C @7 E96 r@>A6E:E:@? s6A2CE>6?E @7 E96 {:2@?:?8 !C@G:?4:2= ~C82?:K:?8 r@>>:EE66 7@C E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D[ 56=:G6C65 2 DA6649 H:E9 E96 E96>6 @7 Q(2C> (:?E6C $?@H :? {:2@?:?8[ sF2= tG6?ED $A2C< }6H |@>6?EF>Q] %96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D H:== 36 96=5 :? {:2@?:?8 :? a_ag[ >2<:?8 :E E96 7:CDE AC@G:?46 :? r9:?2 E@ 9@DE 3@E9 E96 }2E:@?2= v2>6D 2?5 E96 }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D] (:E9 7@FC 4@?G6C8:?8 DEC6?8E9D[ :ED 6G6?E x![ F=EC2\=@H\6?6C8J G6?F6D[ 2? 6BF:A>6?E >2?F724EFC:?8 32D6 2?5 H2C> H:?E6CD H:E9 H2C> D?@H[ {:2@?:?8 H:== 7@4FD :ED 677@CED @? E649?@=@8J DE2?52C5D[ 8C66? @A6C2E:@?D 2?5 E96 :?5FDEC:2= >2C<6E[ @A6? FA E96 6?E:C6 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 492:? 2?5 DEC:G6 7@C DFDE2:?65 8C@HE9 @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] w6 2=D@ 6IAC6DD65 E96 9@A6 @7 H@C<:?8 H:E9 2== A2CE:6D E@ 6DE23=:D9 2 {:2@?:?8 =2?5>2C< :? E96 :46 2?5 D?@H 64@?@>J]k^Am
kAm+96?8 u2?8[ !C@76DD@C 2E q6:;:?8 y:2@E@?8 &?:G6CD:EJ[ 2?5 r9:67 pC49:E64E @7 E96 q6:;:?8 y:2@E@?8 &?:G6CD:EJ pC49:E64EFC2= s6D:8? U2>Aj #6D62C49 x?DE:EFE6[ 56=:G6C65 2 <6J?@E6 DA6649 E:E=65 Qp $4:6?E:7:4 q=F6AC:?E 7@C r2C3@? }6FEC2=:EJ :? x46 2?5 $?@H '6?F6DQ] sC2H:?8 @? 2 8=@32= D<2E:?8 C:?< 52E232D6[ 96 2?2=JK65 E96 DE2EFD BF@ @7 6?6C8J 4@?DF>AE:@? 2?5 42C3@? 6>:DD:@?D 2E :?5@@C D<2E:?8 C:?<D H@C=5H:56[ ?@E:?8 E92E 6=64EC:4:EJ :D E96 >2:? D@FC46 @7 42C3@? 6>:DD:@?D 2?5 E92E r9:?2VD D<2E:?8 C:?<D 9@=5 ?@E23=6 A@E6?E:2= 7@C 42C3@? C65F4E:@?] w6 7FCE96C AC@A@D65 E9C66 4@C6 A2E9H2JD E@ 42C3@? ?6FEC2=:EJ 7@C :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D[ E92E :D[ 6IA2?5:?8 E96 FD6 @7 8C66? 6=64EC:4:EJ[ :>AC@G:?8 G6?F6 6?6C8J 677:4:6?4J[ 2?5 C6A=24:?8 C67C:86C2?ED H:E9 6?G:C@?>6?E2==J 7C:6?5=J 2=E6C?2E:G6D] $F49 >62DFC6D[ E2<6? E@86E96C[ 42? DF3DE2?E:2==J 4FE E96 :?5FDECJVD 42C3@? 6>:DD:@?D] w6 42==65 @? E96 6?E:C6 :?5FDECJ E@ ;@:? 7@C46D :? 25G2?4:?8 E96 =@H\42C3@? 2?5 DFDE2:?23=6 56G6=@A>6?E @7 :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D]k^Am
kAmuC@> 2? :?E6C?2E:@?2= A6CDA64E:G6[ '2D:=:J p72?2DJ6G[ s6AFEJ v6?6C2= s:C64E@C 7@C x?E6C?2E:@?2= !C@;64ED 2E #@D2 z9FE@C {{r][ 56=:G6C65 2 DA6649 4:C4=:?8 2C@F?5 Qw@H #@D2 z9FE@C qF:=5D rFDE@>6C {@J2=EJ %9C@F89 ~A6C2E:@?D :? (:?E6C 2?5 $F>>6CQ] sC2H:?8 @? :ED (:?E6C ~=J>A:4 G6?F6D[ E96 C6D@CE 92D 249:6G65 J62C\C@F?5 @A6C2E:@? 2?5 3F:=E 4FDE@>6C DE:4<:?6DD E9C@F89 H6==\8C@@>65 D<: D=@A6D[ 2? F?DA@:=65 ?2EFC2= 6?G:C@?>6?E[ C:49 24E:G:E:6D 2?5 5:8:E2= @A6C2E:@?D] %@ C6249 E96 r9:?6D6 >2C<6E[ E96 C6D@CE 92D @A6?65 244@F?ED @? (6r92E 2?5 ):2@9@?8D9F] xE =@@<D 7@CH2C5 E@ 566A6?:?8 4@@A6C2E:@? :? :46 2?5 D?@H 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D>[ 2D H6== 2D 6IA2?5:?8 EH@\H2J G:D:E@C 7=@HD[ H:E9 E96 r9:?2\#FDD:2 >FEF2= G:D2\7C66 2CC2?86>6?E :? A=246]k^Am
kAm|:4926= |2JC[ $2=6D s:C64E@C @7 xE2=:2? %649?@p=A:? pD:2[ 56=:G6C65 2 <6J?@E6 DA6649 E:E=65 Qt>A@H6C:?8 E96 x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ H:E9 x?E6==:86?E |2?F724EFC:?8i %649?@p=A:?VD r9:?2 $EC2E68J 2?5 v=@32= ':D:@?Q] pD 2 8=@32= =6256C :? D?@H>2<:?8 2?5 :46\>2<:?8 6BF:A>6?E E92E 92D D6CG65 >F=E:A=6 ~=J>A:4 (:?E6C v2>6D[ %649?@p=A:? 92D 2=D@ 3F:=E 2 566A AC6D6?46 :? E96 r9:?6D6 >2C<6E[ H:E9 :ED 6BF:A>6?E H:56=J 56A=@J65 2E >2;@C :46 2?5 D?@H G6?F6D 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ] %96 4@>A2?J H:== D6E FA 2 ?6H 32D6 :? {:2@?:?8 E@ AC@G:56 D?@H>2<:?8 2?5 :46\C6DFC724:?8 6BF:A>6?E 2?5 E649?:42= DFAA@CE 7@C D6G6C2= G6?F6D @7 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D[ 2?5 =@@<D 7@CH2C5 E@ 3C@256C 4@@A6C2E:@? H:E9 :?5FDECJ A2CE?6CD]k^Am
kAm%6CE2? {@C6?K@[ w625 @7 $2=6D tIA@CE 2E (:?E6CDE6:86C $A@CED v>3w[ D92C65 9:D :?D:89ED F?56C E96 E96>6 @7 Qw@H E@ z66A E96 uF? @? E96 $=@A6DQ[ 7@4FD:?8 @? 9@H E@ 4F=E:G2E6 E96 D<::?8 4@>>F?:EJ 2?5 C6E2:? D<: 6?E9FD:2DED] w6 =:<6?65 E96 4@>A=6E6 D<::?8 6IA6C:6?46 E@ 2 ;:8D2H AFKK=6[ :? H9:49 :?7C2DECF4EFC6[ D<: =6DD@?D 2?5 D<: 6BF:A>6?E 2C6 2== :?5:DA6?D23=6 A:646D] ~?=J 3J 86EE:?8 6G6CJ =:?< C:89E[ 2?5 :>AC@G:?8 3@E9 E96 6IA6C:6?46 2?5 E96 D276EJ @7 D<::?8 42? D<: C6D@CED DEC6?8E96? G:D:E@CDV :?E6?E:@? E@ C6EFC? 2?5 <66A 6IA2?5:?8 E96 D<::?8 A@AF=2E:@?]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mtI9:3:E:@? s:DA=2J65 :? |F=E:A=6 s:>6?D:@?D[ qF:=5:?8 2 %C256 |2E49>2<:?8 !=2E7@C> 7@C E96 x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ r92:?‌k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm%96 6I9:3:E:@? D68>6?E @7 E9:D tIA@ H2D 96=5 :? w2== a @7 E96 $9@F82?8 r@?G6?E:@? 2?5 tI9:3:E:@? r6?E6C[ H:E9 2? 6I9:3:E:@? 2C62 @7 ?62C=J `d[___ DBF2C6 >6E6CD 2?5 6:89E DA64:2=:K65 6I9:3:E:@? K@?6D] }62C=J b__ 3C2?5D A2CE:4:A2E65[ 2?5 E96 6I9:3:ED DA2??65 E96 6?E:C6 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ 492:?[ 7C@> =2C86\D42=6 6BF:A>6?E FADEC62> 2?5 G6?F6 D@=FE:@?D >:5DEC62> E@ EC2G6= 2?5 E@FC:D> 56DE:?2E:@?D 2?5 4@?DF>6C 6BF:A>6?E 5@H?DEC62>[ 2=@?8 H:E9 DFAA@CE:?8 D6CG:46D DF49 2D E2=6?E[ x! 2?5 7:?2?46] {625:?8 :46 2?5 D?@H ?2E:@?D 7C@> >@C6 E92? a_ 4@F?EC:6D 2?5 C68:@?D H@C=5H:56[ :?4=F5:?8 pFDEC:2[ xE2=J[ }@CH2J[ #FDD:2[ y2A2?[ $=@G6?:2 2?5 r2?252[ 3C@F89E 56=682E:@?D E@ E96 6I9:3:E:@?[ 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2==J C6?@H?65 3C2?5D DF49 2D %649?@p=A:?[ s@AA6=>2JC[ !#x}~%w[ ux$rwt# 2?5 (:?E6CDE6:86C H6C6 762EFC65 :? 2 4@?46?EC2E65 5:DA=2J[ D6EE:?8 2 ?6H 9:89 7@C :ED =6G6= @7 :?E6C?2E:@?2=:K2E:@?]k^Am
kAmpD E96 vF6DE !C@G:?46 @7 w@?@C E9:D J62C[ {:2@?:?8 D6E FA E9C66 6I9:3:E:@? K@?6Di !C6A2C2E@CJ p49:6G6>6?ED @7 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D[ {:2@?:?8 x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJVD r@@A6C2E:@? 2?5 tI492?86[ 2?5 {:2@?:?8 x46 2?5 $?@H %@FC:D>] &?56C E96 E96>6 @7 Qr92C>:?8 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm }2E:@?2= (:?E6C v2>6D • |66E :? {:2@?:?8Q[ E96D6 K@?6D AC6D6?E E96 AC6A2C2E@CJ AC@8C6DD @7 E96 E9C66 4@>A6E:E:@? K@?6D :? $96?J2?8[ s2=:2? 2?5 uFD9F?[ 2?5 D9@H42D6 {:2@?:?8VD D<: :?5FDECJ C6D@FC46D 2?5 @AA@CEF?:E:6D 7@C 4@@A6C2E:@?]k^Am
kAm%96 }2E:@?2= !2G:=:@? +@?6 3C@F89E E@86E96C 25G2?465 6BF:A>6?E[ EC2:?:?8 DJDE6>D 2?5 E@FC:D> C6D@FC46D 7C@> =625:?8 @G6CD62D :46 2?5 D?@H ?2E:@?D[ 4C62E:?8 2 H:?5@H 7@C >2E49:?8 :?E6C?2E:@?2= :46 2?5 D?@H C6D@FC46D] %96 pFDEC:2? A2G:=:@? 762EFC65 2 ?F>36C @7 H6==\<?@H? 4@>A2?:6D] u@C 6I2>A=6[ pI6DD AC6D6?E65 D>2CE E:4<6E:?8 DJDE6>D 2?5 :?E68C2E65 2446DD\4@?EC@= 82E6 D@=FE:@?Dj $F?<:5 6I9:3:E65 72>:=J D?@H 2>FD6>6?E 724:=:E:6D DF:E23=6 7@C 2== 286Dj (:?E6CDE6:86C C@==65 @FE AC@76DD:@?2= C246\8C256 D<: H2I:?8 >249:?6Dj !#x}~%w D9@H42D65 9:89\A6C7@C>2?46 D?@H 8C@@>6CDj 2?5 u:D496C 3C@F89E 2 C2?86 @7 AC@76DD:@?2= D<: 6BF:A>6?E] %2:82 |@E@CD 7C@> r2?252 F?G6:=65 :ED 2==\6=64EC:4 D?@H>@3:=6 2D 2 9:89=:89E @7 E96 K@?6[ @776C:?8 8C66? 2?5 D>2CE >@3:=:EJ D@=FE:@?D 7@C D<: C6D@CE @A6C2E:@?D 2?5 A@=2C C6D62C49 6IA65:E:@?D]k^Am
kAm%96 s@>6DE:4 x46 2?5 $?@H t4@?@>J r=FDE6C +@?6 7@4FD65 @? D68>6?ED :?4=F5:?8 :46 2?5 D?@H 56DE:?2E:@? @A6C2E:@?D[ 7@FC\D62D@? 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D> 56G6=@A>6?E[ D>2CE D<: C6D@CE @A6C2E:@?D 2?5 >2:?E6?2?46[ 2?5 :46 2?5 D?@H x! 56G6=@A>6?E[ AC6D6?E:?8 AC24E:46D 2?5 :??@G2E:G6 D@=FE:@?D 7C@> r9:?2VD :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] r92?832: |@F?E2:? (2?52 x?E6C?2E:@?2= #6D@CE >256 2 DEC@?8 D9@H:?8[ D92C:?8 :ED AC@G6? 6IA6C:6?46 :? >@F?E2:? :46 2?5 D?@H E@FC:D> 56G6=@A>6?E[ J62C\C@F?5 @A6C2E:@?D 2?5 G:D:E@C 32D6 4F=E:G2E:@?] #t)xrt[ 2 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6 5@>6DE:4 :46 C6DFC7246C 3C2?5[ 6I9:3:E65 :ED #)c_a_t' 2==\6=64EC:4 :46 C6DFC7246C[ H9:49 92D 2=C625J 366? 6IA@CE65 E@ @G6CD62D >2C<6ED :?4=F5:?8 #FDD:2 2?5 z2K2<9DE2?[ 56>@?DEC2E:?8 E96 8=@32= C6249 @7 r9:?6D6\>256 :46 2?5 D?@H 6BF:A>6?E]k^Am
kAm%96 (:?E6C %@FC:D> s6DE:?2E:@?D +@?6 3C@F89E E@86E96C DA@CED[ 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D> 2FE9@C:E:6D 7C@> q6:;:?8VD $9:;:?8D92? s:DEC:4E[ ):?;:2?8 2?5 {:2@?:?8 E@ AC6D6?E :46 2?5 D?@H 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D> C6D@FC46D[ :?G6DE>6?E AC@>@E:@? A@=:4:6D 2?5 J62C\C@F?5 @A6C2E:?8 AC@;64ED] (:E9 E96 E96>6 @7 Q$FCAC:D6D :? $9:;:?8D92?[ w@>6 @7 |2;@C tG6?EDQ[ E96 3@@E9 @7 $9:;:?8D92? s:DEC:4E 762EFC65 2? :46\D4F=AEFC6\DEJ=6 :?DE2==2E:@? >@56=65 @? q:8 p:C $9@F82?8[ 2 D?@H>2<:?8 6IA6C:6?46 K@?6 2?5 '# D<: D:>F=2E@CD] xE2=JVD %649?@p=A:?[ F?56C E96 E96>6 @7 Qx46 2?5 $?@H tBF:A>6?E[ !2CE?6CD y@:?:?8 u@C46DQ[ 7@4FD65 @? :ED %t`_ D?@H>2<6C 2?5 t}v~ :46 C6DFC7246C] %96 %t`_ 56=:G6CD A@H6C7F= D?@H>2<:?8 6G6? 2E 6IEC6>6 2?5 >2C8:?2= E6>A6C2EFC6D[ H9:=6 E96 t}v~ :46 C6DFC7246C 92D D6CG65 E96 q6:;:?8 a_aa ~=J>A:4 (:?E6C v2>6D[ G:G:5=J 6>3@5J:?8 2? 677:4:6?E 2?5 64@\7C:6?5=J 2AAC@249 E@ :46 AC@5F4ED] q6:;:?8 $?@H6=2? $A@CED s6G6=@A>6?E[ r9:?2 86?6C2= 286?E 7@C t=2? D<:D[ $&upv D?@H>2<6CD[ $!| D276EJ ?6ED 2?5 p{!x}p 2?5 #~)p D<: 3@@ED[ 2AA62C65 H:E9 D<: 6BF:A>6?E 2?5 @?\D:E6 D<: D=@A6 6IA6C:6?46]k^Am
kAm%96 (:?E6C 2?5 p=A:?6 %649?@=@8J +@?6 AC6D6?E65 =2C86\D42=6 D?@H >249:?6D :?4=F5:?8 D?@H>2<6CD[ D?@H 8C@@>6CD[ 423=6H2J 2?5 >28:4 42CA6ED[ 2=@?8D:56 :?5@@C :46 2?5 D?@H 4@?DECF4E:@? E649?@=@8J[ 5CJ D<::?8 2?5 C@==6C D<2E:?8 6BF:A>6?E[ 2?5 2 5:8:E2= D>2CE D<: C6D@CE >2?286>6?E 2?5 4@?EC@= A=2E7@C>] xE D9@H42D6D E96 =2E6DE 25G2?46D :? E96 =@42=:K2E:@? 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2=:K2E:@? @7 :46 2?5 D?@H 6?8:?66C:?8 2?5 =2C86\D42=6 6BF:A>6?E]k^Am
kAm%96 x46 2?5 $?@H r@==686D 2?5 x?5FDECJ $6CG:46D +@?6 82E96C65 5@>6DE:4 :46 2?5 D?@H 4@==686D 2?5 :?5FDECJ D6CG:46 AC@G:56CD] %96J AC6D6?E65 E2=6?E 56G6=@A>6?E DJDE6>D[ G@42E:@?2= D<:==D EC2:?:?8 AC@8C2>D[ 6G6?E @A6C2E:@?D[ 2?5 :?5FDECJ 4@?DF=E:?8 D6CG:46D] %9:D @A6?65 2 492??6= 36EH66? E2=6?E DFAA=J 2?5 :?5FDECJ 56G6=@A>6?E]k^Am
kAm%96 !6CD@?2= (:?E6C $A@CED tBF:A>6?E +@?6 3C@F89E E@86E96C 4@?DF>6C\8C256 :46 2?5 D?@H 862C DF49 2D D>2CE D<: 8@88=6D[ 42C3@?\7:36C 96=>6ED[ 9:89\A6C7@C>2?46 D<:D[ D<: AC@E64E:G6 6BF:A>6?E[ 2?5 D<: 2AA2C6=[ 7@@EH62C 2?5 D@4<D[ H:E9 2 ?F>36C @7 ?6H :46 2?5 D?@H AC@5F4ED 56D:8?65 7@C r9:?6D6 E66?286CD 2?5 72>:=:6D >2<:?8 E96:C 563FE]k^Am
kAm%96 ~FE5@@C {:76DEJ=6 +@?6 6IE6?565 E96 C6249 @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ[ 5:DA=2J:?8 86?6C2= @FE5@@C AC@5F4ED :?4=F5:?8 C64C62E:@?2= G69:4=6D[ 42>A:?8 862C[ 4=:>3:?8 2?5 9:<:?8 6BF:A>6?E[ 2?5 EC6?5J DA@CED 2AA2C6= E@ AC@>@E6 E96 :?E68C2E65 56G6=@A>6?E @7 E96 Q:46 2?5 D?@H Z @FE5@@CQ 3FD:?6DD 7@C>2E]k^Am
kAm%96C6 H2D 2=D@ 2 565:42E65 #@3@E:4D pAA=:42E:@? +@?6 H:E9:? E96 6I9:3:E:@? 2C62] s@?89@F #@3@E:4D 2?5 *FE@ x?E6==:86?E #@3@E:4D AC6D6?E65 2 C2?86 @7 C@3@E:4 AC@5F4ED E96C6[ DE28:?8 A9JD:42= 5:DA=2JD 2?5 @776C:?8 :>>6CD:G6 6IA6C:6?46]k^Am
kAmp ?F>36C @7 AC@5F4E =2F?496D 2?5 563FE 6G6?ED H6C6 96=5 @? D:E6[ 5C2H:?8 EC256 G:D:E@CD @7 2== <:?5D[ DF49 2D 3FJ6CD 7C@> 9@>6 2?5 23C@25[ DA@CED[ 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D> 2FE9@C:E:6D 7C@> G2C:@FD =@42=:E:6D[ D<: C6D@CE 2?5 C6D@CE @A6C2E@CD[ D<: 4=F3D[ 4@==686D 2?5 C6D62C49 :?DE:EFE:@?D[ 2?5 :?G6DE>6?E :?DE:EFE:@?D] !2C2==6= >2E49>2<:?8 D6DD:@?D 7@C :46 2?5 D?@H C6D@FC46D AC@4FC6>6?E 2?5 7@C D46?:4 2C62 C6D@FC46D[ 2=@?8 H:E9 @?6\@?\@?6 qaq 3FD:?6DD ?68@E:2E:@?D[ H6C6 2=D@ 2CC2?865 E@ 3F:=5 E2C86E65 2?5 677:4:6?E 492??6=D 36EH66? DFAA=J 2?5 56>2?5] %@86E96C E96J 7F==J F?=@4<65 E96 tIA@VD A=2E7@C> G2=F6 @7 AC@>@E:?8 EC256 E9C@F89 6I9:3:E:@?D 2?5 25G2?4:?8 :?5FDECJ E9C@F89 4@?76C6?46D E@ @A6? FA E96 6?E:C6 492:? 7C@> AC@5F4E 5:DA=2J 2?5 E649?:42= 6I492?86 E@ 3FD:?6DD ?68@E:2E:@?D 2?5 AC@;64E :>A=6>6?E2E:@?]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8ms:G6CD6 $:56 tG6?ED $E2865 %9C@F89@FE E96 tIA@[ rC62E:?8 2 !=2E7@C> 7@C x?5FDECJ\!F3=:4 tI492?86k^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAmq6J@?5 E96 ~A6?:?8 r6C6>@?J 2?5 E96 |2:? r@?76C6?46[ 2 ?F>36C @7 :>A@CE2?E 24E:G:E:6D 7@C E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ H6C6 96=5] ~? E96 27E6C?@@? @7 ~4E@36C `d[ E96 p??F2= r=@D65\s@@C |66E:?8 @7 E96 v=@32= x46 2?5 $?@H x?5FDECJ p==:2?46 E@@< A=246 2D D4965F=65[ 2E H9:49 >6>36C @C82?:K2E:@?D C6G:6H65 E96 D64C6E2C:2EVD H@C< @G6C E96 A2DE J62C 2?5 96=5 5:D4FDD:@?D @? :?5FDECJ 56G6=@A>6?E 7@C a_ae[ 2?5 E96 :?2F8FC2E:@? 46C6>@?J @7 E96 $<: x?DECF4E@C r@>>:EE66 H2D 96=5] %96 >66E:?8 2=D@ :?4=F565 :?\56AE9 :?E6C?2= 5:D4FDD:@?D @? :DDF6D @7 4@>>@? 4@?46C? E@ E96 :?5FDECJ[ H:E9 2 G:6H E@ 3F:=5:?8 2? :?5FDECJ A=2E7@C> 7@C :?5FDEC:2= 4@==23@C2E:@?[ D6=7\C68F=2E:@? 2?5 E96 ;@:?E 56G6=@A>6?E @7 DE2?52C5D]k^Am
kAm%92E 6G6?:?8[ E96 pH2C5 r6C6>@?J @7 E96 pFC@C2 pH2C5 7@C x?E6C?2E:@?2= (:?E6C $A@CED {625:?8 qC2?5D H2D 96=5[ 9@?@C:?8 E96 J62CVD @FEDE2?5:?8 3C2?5D 2?5 6I6>A=2CJ AC@;64ED :? E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] xE D6E :?5FDECJ 36?49>2C<D[ 6?4@FC2865 :??@G2E:@? 2>@?8 :46 2?5 D?@H 4@>A2?:6D[ 2?5 DE66C65 E96 :?5FDECJ E@H2C5 9:896C\BF2=:EJ 56G6=@A>6?E]k^Am
kAm%9:D tIA@ 2=D@ D6E FA 2 C:49 AC@8C2> @7 x46 2?5 $?@H r2C?:G2= 24E:G:E:6D[ H9:49 D6CG65 >F=E:A=6 AFCA@D6D[ :?4=F5:?8 :?5FDECJ >2E49>2<:?8[ AF3=:4 @FEC6249 2?5 4F=EFC2= 4@>>F?:42E:@?[ @A6?:?8 FA 2 492??6= 36EH66? AC@76DD:@?2= :?5FDECJ 5:D4FDD:@?D 2?5 A@AF=2C :46 2?5 D?@H A2CE:4:A2E:@?]k^Am
kAm~? E96 >@C?:?8 @7 ~4E@36C `d[ E96 Q|66E E96 r92>A:@?DQ $2=@? >6E E96 2F5:6?46 @? E96 AF3=:4 DE286[ H96C6 ~=J>A:4 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@? {: y:2?C@F[ (@C=5 $9@CE %C24< $A665 $<2E:?8 r92>A:@? +92@ }2??2?[ 2?5 (@C=5 rFC=:?8 r92>A:@? (2?8 q:?8JF D92C65 E96:C 4@>A6E:E:@? 6IA6C:6?46D 2?5 C67=64E:@?D @? :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED] %9:D 6G6?E 3C@F89E E96 492>A:@?D 4=@D6C E@ @C5:?2CJ DA64E2E@CD]k^Am
kAmx? E96 27E6C?@@?[ E96 !C@>@E:@? r@?76C6?46 @7 u2>@FD x?E6C?2E:@?2= x46 2?5 $?@H s6DE:?2E:@?D H2D 96=5[ H:E9 =625:?8 :?E6C?2E:@?2= :46 2?5 D?@H 56DE:?2E:@?D[ qC:E:D9 r@=F>3:2 :? r2?252[ $@49: :? #FDD:2 2?5 {pp) :? $H:EK6C=2?5[ E2<:?8 E96 DE286 :? EFC? E@ AC6D6?E E96:C =@42= :46 2?5 D?@H E@FC:D> C6D@FC46D 2?5 4@@A6C2E:@? @AA@CEF?:E:6D] w6=5 :? A2C2==6= H2D E96 x! qC:67:?8 E96>65 2D Q#6G:E2=:K:?8 $A@CED '6?F6Di x! t>A@H6C>6?E 7@C $A@CED x?5FDECJ ~A6C2E:@?DQ[ 2E H9:49 :?5FDECJ AC24E:E:@?6CD D92C65 6IA6C:6?46 :? DA@CED G6?F6 x! 56G6=@A>6?E 2?5 4@>>6C4:2= @A6C2E:@?D]k^Am
kAm|62?H9:=6[ E96 (($t • x46 2?5 $?@H r2C?:G2= $E2>A\r@==64E:@? %@FC H2D :?:E:2E65 E@ 4@??64E (:?E6C ~=J>A:4 =6824J =2?5>2C<D[ H:?E6C DA@CED G6?F6D[ DA@CED 3C2?5 DE@C6D[ 2?5 :?5FDEC:2=\DEJ=6 5:?:?8 DA@ED] ':D:E@CD 42? 4@==64E DE2>AD 2E 6249 DE@A 7@C 2 492?46 E@ H:? 8C62E AC:K6D 2?5 6IA6C:6?46 E96 F?:BF6 492C> @7 $9@F82?8 !2C<[ H96C6 :?5FDEC:2= 96C:E286 >66ED H:?E6C DA@CED]k^Am
kAmp D6C:6D @7 D:56 6G6?ED 4@G6C65 :?E6C?2E:@?2= 4@@A6C2E:@?[ 492>A:@? 4F=EFC6[ G6?F6 x![ @FE5@@C 4F=EFC6 2?5 E@FC:D>[ DE2CEFA :?4F32E:@?[ 2?5 :46 2?5 D?@H 7:=>D] %96D6 6G6?ED 4@>A=6>6?E65 E96 |2:? r@?76C6?46 2?5 A2C2==6= 7@CF>D[ 3C:?8:?8 E@86E96C AC@76DD:@?2= :?5FDECJ 5:D4FDD:@?D[ 4@>>6C4:2= C6D@FC46 >2E49>2<:?8[ 2?5 AF3=:4 :46 2?5 D?@H @FEC6249] %9:D :?E68C2E65 2AAC@249 7F==J F?=62D965 E96 :??@G2E:G6 G:E2=:EJ @7 E96 :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ]k^Am
kAm$E2?5:?8 2E E96 DE2CE @7 E96 `dkDFAmE9k^DFAm u:G6\*62C !=2? 2?5 2 ?6H 564256[ E96 (@C=5 (:?E6C $A@CED tIA@ a_ae H:== 4@?E:?F6 E@ F?=@4< E96 (:?E6C ~=J>A:4D =6824J 2?5 92C?6DD E96 4@==64E:G6 DEC6?8E9 @7 E96 8=@32= :46 2?5 D?@H :?5FDECJ] %9:D H:== 5C:G6 2? FA8C256 E@ r9:?2VD :46 2?5 D?@H 64@?@>J[ 6?4@FC286 566A6C AC24E:42= 4@@A6C2E:@? 2E 9@>6 2?5 23C@25[ 2?5 :?4C62D6 AF3=:4 2446DD E@ :46 2?5 D?@H DA@CED]k^Am
kA :5lQ!&#{Qmk:>8 E:E=6lQr:D:@?Q H:5E9lQ`aQ 96:89ElQ`aQ 2=ElQr:D:@?Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^6586]AC?6HDH:C6]4@>^4^:>8^72G:4@?]A?8nD?lr}fcffbU2>AjD5la_ae\`_\`eQ ^m ':6H @C:8:?2= 4@?E6?Eik2 :5lQ!#}&#{Q C6=lQ?@7@==@HQ 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]AC?6HDH:C6]4@>^?6HD\C6=62D6D^H@C=5\H:?E6C\DA@CED\6IA@\a_ae\@A6?D\492CE:?8\2\?6H\564256\7@C\:46\2?5\D?@H\2?5\@FE5@@C\:?5FDEC:6D\b_ah``feg]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm9EEADi^^HHH]AC?6HDH:C6]4@>^?6HD\C6=62D6D^H@C=5\H:?E6C\DA@CED\6IA@\a_ae\@A6?D\492CE:?8\2\?6H\564256\7@C\:46\2?5\D?@H\2?5\@FE5@@C\:?5FDEC:6D\b_ah``feg]9E>=k^2mk^Am
kAm$~&#rt (@C=5 (:?E6C $A@CED tIA@k^Am
kAmk:>8 2=ElQQ DC4lQ9EEADi^^CE]AC?6HDH:C6]4@>^CE]8:7n}6HDxE6>x5lr}fcffbU2>Aj%C2?D>:DD:@?0x5la_ae`_`eabcb!#0}t($0&$!#00000r}fcffbU2>Ajs2E6x5la_ae`_`eQ DEJ=6lQ3@C56Ci_AIj H:5E9i`AIj 96:89Ei`AIjQ ^mk^Am
(0) comments
Welcome to the discussion.
Log In
Keep it Clean. Please avoid obscene, vulgar, lewd, racist or sexually-oriented language.
PLEASE TURN OFF YOUR CAPS LOCK.
Don't Threaten. Threats of harming another person will not be tolerated.
Be Truthful. Don't knowingly lie about anyone or anything.
Be Nice. No racism, sexism or any sort of -ism that is degrading to another person.
Be Proactive. Use the 'Report' link on each comment to let us know of abusive posts.
Share with Us. We'd love to hear eyewitness accounts, the history behind an article.