As the primary election for the Cumberland County District Attorney vote approaches, Brian Sonenstein interviewed Democratic candidates Jon Gale, Seth Levy, and Frayla Tarpinian.
We published the interviews in full to capture the nuanced differences between the candidates and their approach to issues like ending cash bail, the decriminalization of voluntary sex work, and closing Long Creek Youth Detention Center. They’re pretty conversational, and quite a long read.
kAmw6C6 2C6 E96 7F== EC2?D4C:AED @7 E96 :?E6CG:6HD]k^Am
kAmk6>mt5:E@C’D ?@E6i %96D6 EC2?D4C:AED 92G6 366? =:89E=J 65:E65 7@C 7@4FD 2?5 4=2C:EJ]k^6>mk^Am
kAm$6E9 {6GJk^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Ik^6>mi |@DE @7 E9:D C246 92D 7@4FD65 @? C67@C>D 7@C A6@A=6 H:E9 =@H =6G6= 2?5 ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D[ A2CE:4F=2C=J A6@A=6 562=:?8 H:E9 DF3DE2?46 23FD6 2?5 >6?E2= :==?6DD] (92E x 92G6?’E 962C5 E@@ >F49 23@FE :D 9@H J@F A=2? E@ AC@D64FE6 G:@=6?E @776?D6D :? 2 4@?4C6E6 >2??6C]k^9bm
k9bmx <?@H E9:D DF3;64E 9:ED 4=@D6 E@ 9@>6 7@C J@F 2D D@>6@?6 H9@ 6IA6C:6?465 D6IF2= 2DD2F=E 2D 2 49:=5[ D@ x H2?E E@ 2D< 23@FE J@FC 2AAC@249] w@H 2?5 H9J :D J@FC 2AAC@249 5:776C6?E E@H2C5 G:@=6?E @776?D6D[ 2?5 H@F=5 J@F 2AA=J 2?J @7 E96 =6DD@?D E92E 4@>6 E9C@F89 :? J@FC C67@C> 2AAC@249 E@ ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D E@ G:@=6?E @776?D6Dnk^9bm
kAm{6GJi *@F’G6 366? E@ D@>6 @7 E96 7@CF>D 2?5 J@F’G6 962C5 >6 E6== >J A6CD@?2= DE@CJ[ 2?5 E92E C62==J :D 2 5C:G:?8 7@C46 :? H9J x’> 5@:?8 E9:D :? E6C>D @7 >J 56D:C6 E@ >2<6 E96 DJDE6> H@C<]k^Am
kAm%96C6’D 86?6C2==J E9C66 5:776C6?E A2CE:6D :? 6G6CJ 42D6i E96 G:4E:>[ E96 AF3=:4’D ?665D[ 2?5 E96 @776?56C] p?5 J@F’C6 C:89E[ 2 =@E @7 H92E H6’G6 E2=<65 23@FE 92D 366? 9@H 5@ H6 C65F46 :?42C46C2E:@? 2?5 9@H 5@ H6 86E A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 4@>:?8 :?E@ E96 DJDE6> 96=A 2?5 5@ :E :? 2 H2J E92E’D ?@E C24:DE 2?5 E9:?8D @7 E92E D@CE]k^Am
kAmqFE 9@H 5@ H6 AC@E64E E96 G:4E:>Dn x? >J DE@CJ[ E96 E9:?8 E92E H2D AC@7@F?5 7@C >6 H2D E92E E96 56E64E:G6 925 E2<6? >J 42D6 D@ D6C:@FD=J] %96 724E E92E 96 5:5 E92E[ 2?5 E92E E96 AC@D64FE@C:2= E62> 5:5 E92E[ H2D 9F86 E@ >6] t?5:?8 FA H:E9 2 564256D\=@?8 D6?E6?46 — d_\J62C D6?E6?46 7@C E9:D 8FJ — 7@C >6[ E96 724E E92E E92E :?5:G:5F2= 8@E E92E D6?E6?46[ 2?5 E92E E92E H2D >@C6 D:8?:7:42?E E92? E96 BF6DE:@?D @7 C6923:=:E2E:@? H2D C62==J AC@7@F?5=J :>A@CE2?E E@ >6]k^Am
kAm%96C6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 46CE2:? G:@=6?E 42D6D :? H9:49 E96 ?665D @7 E96 G:4E:> 23D@=FE6=J @FEH6:89 E96 ?665D @7 E96 5676?52?E]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E96 ECFE9 :D E92E H96? H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE AC652E@CJ D6I @776?56CD[ E96 9@?6DE ECFE9 :D E92E x’> 4@>:?8 2E :E 7C@> E96 A6CDA64E:G6 E92E x 5@?’E E9:?< E96J 42? 36 C6923:=:E2E65] x <?@H E92E’D 4@?EC@G6CD:2= E@ D@>6 A6@A=6] %92E 5@6D?’E >62? x’> 8@:?8 E@ 36 4=@D65\>:?565 E@ :Ej x’> ?@E 8@:?8 E@ =6E >J A6CD@?2= 6IA6C:6?46 5C:G6 564:D:@?D] qFE x <?@H 7@C >6 E92E E92E H2D C62==J :>A@CE2?E 2?5 @?6 @7 E96 C62D@?D x H2D 23=6 E@ 86E 962=E9J :? >J =:76]k^Am
kAmxE’D <:?5 @7 =:<6 H:=56366DED 82E96C:?8 2C@F?5 E96:C J@F?8[ J@F <?@H E92E AC@46DDn %96J 4C62E6 E96 4:C4=6 2?5 E96J AC@E64E E96 J@F?8] x? D@>6 H2JD[ E92E’D H92E x 766= =:<6 E96 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 92D E@ 5@ 2?5 x 766= G6CJ DEC@?8=J 23@FE E92E]k^Am
kAm(96? H6 E2=< 23@FE 46CE2:? G:@=6?E @776?D6D[ x E9:?< E96C6 92D E@ 36 288C6DD:G6 AC@D64FE:@?] x 5@ E9:?< E92E E96 D6?E6?46D 7@C D@>6 D6I @776?56CD 92D 366? E@@ =:89E] $@>6E:>6D J@F’== 92G6 4=:6?ED H9@ H:== D:E :? 4@FCE[ 2?5 E96J’== 36 =@@<:?8 2E 2 D6?E6?46 7@C 2 5CF8\C6=2E65 @776?D6[ 2?5 E96J’== 36 962C:?8 E96 D6?E6?46 @7 D@>6@?6 H9@ 92D D@>6 D6I @776?D6[ 2?5 E96D6 D6?E6?46D 2C6 4@>A2C23=6] %96J’C6 =:<6 k6>m9@H :D E92E A@DD:3=6nk^6>m x 5@?’E 92G6 2 8@@5 2?DH6C 7@C E96>]k^Am
kAmx 5@?’E H2?E E@ 4@>6 24C@DD 2D D@>6@?6 H9@ 92D E9:D K62=@E\=:<6 2AAC@249 E@ D6I @776?D6D 2?5 D@>6 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 @776?D6D 2D H6==[ 3FE E9@D6 2C6 C62==J 4C:E:42= E@ >6]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D E92E’D 366? C62==J :?E6C6DE:?8 23@FE AFEE:?8 >J A6CD@?2= DE@CJ @FE E96C6 :? AF3=:4 :D x’G6 925 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 4@>6 7@CH2C5 E@ >6 — >@DE=J H@>6? 3FE ?@E 2== H@>6? — H9@ 92G6 D2:5 E9:D :D C62==J :>A@CE2?E] p?5 ,E96J. 92G6 2=D@ D2:5 E96J’G6 4@>6 E@ E96 DJDE6>[ H96E96C :E’D =2H 6?7@C46>6?E @C E96 AC@D64FE@C’D @77:46[ 2?5 E96J 92G6 ?@E 366? 962C5]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 >J 2AAC@2496D[ H9:49 x E9:?< :D 7F?52>6?E2==J 5:776C6?E[ :D E@ EC2:? 2 565:42E65 G:4E:>\@FEC6249 E62>[ H9:49 :D 5:776C6?E E92? @FC G:4E:> 25G@42E6D H9@ <:?5 @7 5@ E92E 2D 2 EC:2= 2DD:DE2?46] x’> E2=<:?8 23@FE C62= DFAA@CE 7@C @FC G:4E:>D D@ E96J’C6 ?@E C6\EC2F>2E:K65 27E6C E96D6 6G6?ED[ D@ E96J 766= D276 E92E E96J 42? E2=<] %96C6 2C6 >2J36 DFAA@CE D6CG:46D E96J ?665 E92E E96J 86E A=F8865 :?E@] p?5 x E9:?< E92E’D C62==J 4C:E:42=]k^Am
kAm%96 @E96C A:646 @7 E92E :D x’> 8@:?8 E@ 36 7C2?< H:E9 =2H 6?7@C46>6?E E92E H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 8@ E@ EC:2= @? D@>6 @7 E96D6 42D6D 6G6? :7 H6 =@D6[ :7 E92E’D E96 C:89E E9:?8 E@ 5@ 7@C E96 G:4E:>]k^Am
kAm*@F 92G6 E@ =@@< 2E 6249 42D6 :?5:G:5F2==J H96? :E 4@>6D :?] x7 J@F D2J[ E9:D :D 2 G:@=6?E 42D6[ E9:D :D 2 C@336CJ[ 2?5 E96C67@C6 :E’D 2 9:89\=6G6= 76=@?J 2?5 E96C67@C6 H6 42?’E 5@ EC62E>6?E[ E92E :D E96 HC@?8 H2J E@ =@@< 2E E96 42D6] *@F 92G6 E@ =@@< 2E E96 F?56C=J:?8 724ED]k^Am
kAmx 92G6 2 4=:6?E ?@H E92E x’> ECJ:?8 E@ 86E :?E@ E96 r@\~44FCC:?8 s:D@C56CD r@FCE H9@VD 492C865 H:E9 2 r=2DD q 76=@?J C@336CJ] xE’D 2 42D6 E92E :?G@=G65 2 72<6 8F?[ 3FE E96 A@:?E :D :E :?G@=G65 2 E9C62E 2?5 :E :?G@=G65 2 DE@C6 2?5 :E H2D E6CC:7J:?8 7@C E96 G:4E:>] |J 4=:6?E :D a` J62CD @=5[ 96 :D DECF88=:?8 H:E9 >6?E2= :==?6DD[ D6C:@FD DF3DE2?46\23FD6 5:D@C56CD] w6 H2D 4@>A=6E6=J :?E@I:42E65 2E E96 E:>6[ 96 H2D?’E E96 AC:?4:A2= — 96 H2D?’E E96 A6CD@? 9@=5:?8 E96 72<6 8F? — 3FE 96 H2D 4=62C=J A2CE @7 E96 AC@46DD]k^Am
kAmw6 92D 2 72>:=J[ 96’D 8@E J@F?8 <:5D[ 96’D 8@E 2 7:2?466[ 96’D 8@E 2 72E96C :? E96 A:4EFC6[ x 5@?’E <?@H H96C6 9:D >@E96C :D] %92E’D 2 42D6 H96C6 J@F 42? D2J[ H6==[ :E’D 2 C@336CJ[ :E’D G:@=6?E[ 2?5 E96C67@C6 E96C6’D ?@ H2J H6’C6 8@??2 86E E9:D A6CD@? :? E96 5CF8 4@FCE] ~C J@F 42? =@@< 2E E96 F?56C=J:?8 724ED 2?5 D2JE9:D H2D 2 G:@=6?E 6A:D@56[ 9@H6G6C E9:D :D D@>6@?6 H9@ C62==J 92D E96 23:=:EJ E@ 92G6 2 962=E9J 2?5 AC@5F4E:G6 =:76[ D6?5:?8 E9:D A6CD@? E@ AC:D@? >2<6D ?@ D6?D6]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D H6 5@ :? E96 r@\~44FCC:?8 s:D@C56CD r@FCE :D H6 >66E H66<=J] %96C6’D 2 AC@D64FE@C[ 2 ;F586[ 5676?D6 2EE@C?6JD[ E96C6 2C6 4=:?:4:2?D[ 2 AC@32E:@? @77:46C[ 42D6 >2?286CD] (96? A6@A=6 2AA=J E@ 4@>6 :?E@ E96 4@FCE[ H6 6I2>:?6 E96 42D6 2?5 E96 BF6DE:@? H6 2D< :D[ :D E9:D D@>6@?6 H9@ :D ECF=J 2 <:?5 @7 G:@=6?E 4C:>:?2= @776?56C E92E 5@6D?’E 92G6 E96D6 @E96C 4:C4F>DE2?46D E92E 5C:G6 ,E92E 4@?5:E:@?.n ,xD E9:D D@>6@?6. E92E 6DD6?E:2==J 92D 56G6=@A65 2?E:\A6CD@?2=:EJ 5:D@C56Cn!6@A=6 H:E9 2?E: A6CD@?2=:EJ 5:D@C56CD 2C6 G6CJ 5:77:4F=E E@ 3C:?8 324< 3642FD6 D@>6H96C6 2=@?8 E96 H2J :? E96:C =:76[ E96J =@D6 E96 23:=:EJ E@ 36 6>A2E9:4 2?5 D@ E96 4C:>:?2= E9:?<:?8 ;FDE <:?5 @7 C66?8286D :ED6=7 @G6C 2?5 @G6C] %9@D6 2C6 52?86C@FD A6@A=6 2?5 E96J’C6 C62==J 67764E:G6 @7 >2?:AF=2E:?8 DJDE6>D]k^Am
kAmx’> DA62<:?8 86?6C2==J[ 3FE J@F 92G6 E@ 36 42C67F= 3642FD6 D@>6@?6 42? 4@>6 :? 2?5 E96J 42? A2DD 2 =:6 56E64E@C E6DE D@>6E:>6D 2?5 E96J =@@< 8@@5 2?5 E96J’C6 ?@E] $@ J@F 92G6 E@ 36 42C67F= 23@FE E92E] qFE J@F 42? 2=D@ =@@< 2E D@>6@?6 H9@’D 8@EE6? :?E@ EC@F3=6 2?5 92D 5@?6 D@>6E9:?8 G:@=6?E 3FE :E 5@6D?’E >2<6 D6?D6 E@ ;FDE EC62E E9:D 2D D@>6@?6 H9@VD 2 G:@=6?E 4C:>:?2= 3642FD6 E9:D A6CD@? 24EF2==J C62==J :D?’E :7 H6 86E E96> 96=A]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D E92E E92E’D AC6EEJ H6== <?@H? ?@H :D E92E 3C2:? 496>:DECJ 492?86D H:E9 5CF8D[ D@ :E’D C62==J 5:77:4F=E E@ =@@< ;FDE 2E E96 AC6D6?E >@>6?E @7 H92E D@>6@?6’D 5@?6 2?5 ECJ E@ :56?E:7J H9@ E9:D A6CD@? :D] x7 E96J’G6 8@E 2 9:DE@CJ[ 2 =@?8 9:DE@CJ @7 FD:?8 5CF8D[ E96:C 3C2:? A9JD:@=@8J 92D 492?865]k^Am
kAm$@>6 A6@A=6 @? @FC DEC66ED 2?5 :? @FC 4@>>F?:E:6D 92G6?’E 366? D@36C 7@C J62CD 2?5 D@ E96J’C6 ECF=J @FE @7 E96:C >:?5D[ :7 J@F H:==] *@F 92G6 E@ =@@< 2E E9:D 2?5 D2J[ :7 H6 42? 86E E9:D A6CD@? D@36C[ 2?5 E96? 86E E96> EC62E>6?E[ 24EF2==J E96J 364@>6 E96 A6CD@? E92E E96J FD65 E@ 36]k^Am
kAm%96 @E96C E9:?8 H6 92G6 E@ 36 C62==J 42C67F= 23@FE :D — 2?5 E9:D :D >@C6 ECF6 7@C H@>6? 3FE x 5@?’E H2?E E@ 36 6I4=FD:G6 23@FE :E — 3FE H@>6? H9@ 92G6 366? C6A62E65=J 23FD65[ A9JD:42==J 23FD65 2?5 D6IF2==J 23FD65 ,2?5 92G6 @?8@:?8 EC2F>2.[ H9@ E96? ECJ E@ >65:42E6 E@ 562= H:E9 E96 EC2F>2 @C 7:?2==J 24E @FE] p?5 E@ EC62E E96> :? E96 EC25:E:@?2= D6?D6 2D 4C:>:?2=D H9@ 92G6 E@ 5@ E96:C E:>6 D66>D E@ >6 E@ 36 D@ F?;FDE]k^Am
kAmu@C 6I2>A=6[ x 92G6 2 4=:6?E H9@ H2D :? 96C E66?D] $96 H2D H2D <:5?2AA65 2?5 96=5 :? 2 9@>6 7@C x E9:?< @G6C 2 J62C[ EC2AA65 E96C6] $96 H2D `c\`d J62CD @=5 2E E96 E:>6[ 96C A2C6?ED @FE @7 E96 A:4EFC6[ E96 A6CD@? H9@ <:5?2AA65 96C 6?565 FA 8@:?8 E@ AC:D@? 7@C 2?@E96C 492C86 7@C 2EE6>AE65 >FC56C — D@ 2 C62==J 52?86C@FD 8FJ]k^Am
kAm$96[ :? E92E A6C:@5[ :D C6A62E65=J C2A65] $96 7:?2==J 6D42A6D 2?5[ @G6C E96 ?6IE `_ J62CD[ D96 :D FD:?8 96C@:? C6A62E65=J] %92E’D E96 @?=J H2J D96 42? DFCG:G6] $96 4@>>:ED 2 3FC8=2CJ[ Wx 5:5?’E C6AC6D6?E 96C @? E9:D A2CE @7 E9:D 42D6[ x C6AC6D6?E65 96C 27E6C D96 G:@=2E65 96C AC@32E:@?X 3FE D96 4@>>:ED 2 3FC8=2CJ E@ 7665 96C 5CF8 923:E 2?5 D96 86ED 2 D6?E6?46 @7 x E9:?< :E’D 7@FC J62CD[ 2== 3FE D:I >@?E9D] }@H D96’D 4@?G:4E65 @7 2 3FC8=2CJ[ D96’D ?@H DA6?5:?8 D@>6 E:>6 :? ;2:=[ D96 86ED @FE @? AC@32E:@?[ 2?5 E96C6’D ?@ H2J D96 42? DF44665] $@ D96 72:=D] p?5 ?@H D96’D 5@:?8 2 c\J62C AC:D@? E6C>] %92E :D ;FDE 7F?52>6?E2==J F?;FDE]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x H2?E E@ 7@==@H FA @? J@FC 4@>>6?ED 23@FE G:4E:>D 2?5 D276EJ] x? a_`e[ E96C6 H2D 2 }2E:@?2= $FCG6J @? ':4E:>D ':6HD @7 $276EJ 2?5 yFDE:46[ H9:49 7@F?5 E92E ?@?G:@=6?E 2?5 G:@=6?E 4C:>6 DFCG:G@CD 36=:6G65 AC:D@? H2D >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 42FD6 2 A6CD@? E@ 4@>>:E 2?@E96C 4C:>6 :? E96 7FEFC6 E92? :E H2D E@ C6923:=:E2E6 E96>[ 3J 2 b\E@\` >2C8:?]k^9bm
k9bmq642FD6 >@DE A6@A=6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE @7 AC:D@? 2E D@>6 A@:?E[ 9@H 5@ H6 C64@?4:=6 E9:D H:E9 E96 FD6 @7 AC:D@?D 2D 2 E@@= 7@C AC@>@E:?8 AF3=:4 D276EJ 2?5 AC@G:5:?8 G:4E:>D H:E9 ;FDE:46nk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi %96 C62=:EJ :D E92E :? |2:?6[ 2 =@E @7 @FC D6?E6?46D 2C6 AC@323=J :? E96 c\E@\e\J62C C2?86] xE’D C2C6 E@ 92G6 2 AC:D@? D6?E6?46 H96C6 D@>6@?6’D :? 7@C @G6C D:I J62CD] xE 92AA6?D[ 3FE :E’D 2 D>2== A6C46?E286]k^Am
kAm(9:49 ,DA62<D. E@ J@FC A@:?E E92E A6@A=6 2C6 4@>:?8 324<] *@F >:89E AC@E64E E96 4@>>F?:EJ 7@C 2 A6C:@5 @7 E:>6 3FE E96? H92E 5@ J@F 92G6n *@F 92G6 D@>6@?6 H9@ 24EF2==J >2J 36 >@C6 52?86C@FD H96? E96J 4@>6 @FE]k^Am
kAm{6E >6 ;FDE 7:CDE D2J[ 7@C 2 =@E @7 G:@=6?E AC652E@CJ D6I @776?56CD — A2CE:4F=2C=J A65@A9:=6D — x E9:?< E96 =@?8 D6?E6?46 H2D :>A@CE2?E ?@E D@ >F49[ E9@F89 A2CE=J[ E@ <66A E96 A6CD@? @77 E96 DEC66E] qFE J@F <?@H H92E x E9:?< E96 >@C6 :>A@CE2?E A2CE @7 :E H2Dn %96 A2CE @7 E96 G:4E:>] %92E’D E96 A:646]k^Am
kAmx’> ?@E DFC6 E92E E96 A@=:4J @7 :?42C46C2E:?8 D@>6@?6 7@C E96 36?67:E @7 AF3=:4 D276EJ :D 67764E:G6] x’> ?@E DFC6 x 36=:6G6 E92E] x 5@ E9:?< E96C6 :D D@>6E9:?8 23@FE E9:D :562 E92E[ :? D@>6 42D6D[ E96C6 :D 2 ?665 7@C AF?:D9>6?E 2?5 C6EC:3FE:@? ;FDE 7@C :ED6=7] x7 J@F 92G6 2 D6?E6?46 H96C6 D@>6@?6 :D 2 A65@A9:=6 2?5 E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 86EE:?8 @FE :? `_ J62CD[ E96 AC:D@? DJDE6> 36EE6C 36 5@:?8 D@>6E9:?8 E@ >2<6 DFC6 H96? E96J 4@>6 @FE E96J’C6 ?@E ;FDE 8@:?8 324< @FE[ E9@F89 x DFDA64E E96J AC@323=J H:==]k^Am
kAmx 23D@=FE6=J 28C66 E92E :7 H6 2C6 ;FDE D6?5:?8 A6@A=6 2H2J E@ <66A E96 AF3=:4 D276[ E92E :? :ED6=7 x E9:?< :D 2 =@D:?8 AC@A@D:E:@?] qFE E92E C62==J :D 5:776C6?E 7C@> >J A@D:E:@?] (6 5@?’E E2=< 23@FE AF?:D9>6?E 2D C6DE@C2E:G6[ 3FE :? D@>6 H2JD C6EC:3FE:@? 2?5 AF?:D9>6?E :D C6DE@C2E:G6 7@C E96 G:4E:> :? 46CE2:? 42D6D] x 5@?’E E9:?< E96C6 2C6 E92E >2?J @7 E9@D6 42D6D 3FE E96J 6I:DE]k^Am
kAmpD 2 5:DEC:4E 2EE@C?6J[ @?46 E96J 8@ :?E@ E96 AC:D@? DJDE6>[ E92E’D FA E@ E96 AC:D@? E@ 7:8FC6 @FE] w@H6G6C[ >J ;@3 :D ?@E E@ :?42C46C2E6 A6@A=6 :7 H6 42? 5@ E92E 2=E6C?2E:G6=J] %92E’D E96 3F=< 2E =62DE :? >J 42D6D[ g_ A6C46?E @7 >J 42D6D 2C6 A6@A=6 H9@ 92G6 366? EC2F>2E:K65 2D 49:=5C6?[ E96J 5@?’E 92G6 H@C<[ E96:C A2C6?ED 92G6 366? :?42C46C2E65[ E96 72>:=J’D 3C@<6? 5@H?] %92E H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ D@>69@H AF?:D9 E96> 7@C E92E :D :==@8:42=]k^Am
kAmx7 x H2D 6=64E65[ E96 :DDF6 H@F=5 36[ H92E :D E96 C:89E C6DF=En %92E’D A2CE @7 E9:D AC@46DD 2?5 D@>6E:>6D :E >62?D — E96 8@2= D9@F=5 36 5@:?8 H92E’D C:89E 2?5 x 5@ E9:?< E92E E96C6 2C6 52?86C@FD A6@A=6 E92E H6 ?665 E@ AC@D64FE6] qFE E92E :D @? 2 42D6\3J\42D6 32D:D] x’> ?@E 4C62E:?8 EH@ 3C@25 ?6ED[ :7 J@F H:==[ :E’D C62==J >@C6 ?F2?465 E92? E92E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m s@ J@F E9:?< E92E C6=2AD6 D9@F=5 36 A6?2=:K65 2D 2 4@?5:E:@? @7 2=E6C?2E:G6D E@ :?42C46C2E:@? WAC@32E:@?[ A2C@=6[ 5:G6CD:@?Xnk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi }@] %96 5CF8 4@FCE >@G6>6?E :D 2 ?2E:@?2= >@G6>6?E ?@H[ 2?5 :E :?G@=G6D ;F586D[ =2HJ6CD[ D@4:2= H@C<6CD — :E AC@323=J D9@F=5 :?G@=G6 ;@FC?2=:DED >@C6[ 7C2?<=J[ 3642FD6 :E C62==J :D 2 4@>>F?:EJ 4@?G6CD2E:@?] p?5 H92E E96 D4:6?46 92D D9@H? FD :D H92E H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 96C6 :D 3692G:@C2= 492?86] p?5 H6 <?@H E92E D@>6@?6 H9@ 92D 2 D6G6C6 255:4E:@? 5@6D ?@E C6DA@?5 E@ AF?:D9>6?E] xE 5@6D?’E >2EE6C]k^Am
kAm%92E H2D E96 AC@3=6> `_ J62CD 28@[ `d J62CD 28@] (6 H@F=5 D2J[ H6==[ :7 D@>6@?6 4@>>:ED 2 5CF8\C6=2E65 4C:>6[ H6 H@?’E 92G6 E96> 5@ 2 =@E @7 E:>6 FA\7C@?E] (6’== 5@ E96> D:I @C ?:?6 >@?E9D :? E96 4@F?EJ ;2:=[ @C >2J36 2 J62C[ 2?5 E96J’== 86E @FE 3FE E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 2 9F86 D6?E6?46 92?8:?8 @G6C E96>[ `_ J62CD[ `d J62CD] %92E’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 D@ E6CC:7J:?8 7@C E96> E92E E96C6’D ?@ H2J :? E96 H@C=5 E96J’C6 8@??2 FD6]k^Am
kAm(6==[ E92E 5:5?’E H@C<[ :E H2D 2 4@>A=6E6 72:=FC6[ 2?5 A6@A=6 6?565 FA 8@:?8 E@ AC:D@? 3642FD6 E96J C6=2AD65]k^Am
kAm(92E E96 D4:6?46 :D D9@H:?8 FD :D A6@A=6 92G6 H92E 2C6 42==65 AC@I:>2= 3692G:@CD 2?5 5:DE2= 3692G:@CD] %96 AC@I:>2= :D[ H92E 42? E96J 5@ ?@Hn p? 6I2>A=6 @7 AC@I:>2= 3692G:@C :D E@ D9@H FA E@ 4@FCE 6G6CJ H66< 2E 2 46CE2:? E:>6[ 2?5 2D =@?8 2D J@F’C6 ?@E :? 2 C6D:56?E:2= 724:=:EJ @C 2 ;2:= @C 92G6 D@>6 >65:42= 5:D23:=:EJ[ E92E’D 2 G6CJ DA64:7:4 4@?4C6E6 E9:?8 E92E J@F 42? 5@] $@ J@F DE2CE E96C6]k^Am
kAm%96 5:DE2= 3692G:@C H@F=5 36 D@>6E9:?8 E@ E96 67764E @7[ J@F’C6 24EF2==J 8@:?8 E@ 36 23=6 E@ 36 D@36C H:E9@FE C6=2AD6 7@C 2? 6IE6?565 A6C:@5 @7 E:>6[ @C J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 23=6 E@ >2:?E2:? 2 ;@3[ E9:?8D @7 E92E D@CE]k^Am
kAm(92E 92D 56G6=@A65 :D E96 AC@46DD H9:49 :?G@=G6D <:?5 @7 2 4@>3:?2E:@? @7 D2?4E:@? 2?5 C6H2C5[ 2?5 E96 D2?4E:@? :D?’E ?646DD2C:=J ;2:=[ 3J E96 H2J] %96 4@FCE E92E x D:E @? 5C2HD E96 =:?6 2E 5:D9@?6DEJ] $@>6E:>6D A6@A=6 H:== 4@>6 :? 2?5 E96J’== A24< D@>6@?6 6=D6’D FC:?6] p?5 :E 4@>6D @FE E92E J@F’C6 A24<:?8 FC:?6[ E92E :D 2 AC@I:>2= 3692G:@C] %92E’D D@>6E9:?8 H96C6 J@F 42? 49@@D6 ?@E E@ =:6] x7 J@F’C6 =J:?8[ J@F’C6 ?@E 6?82865 :? C64@G6CJ 3642FD6 E96 7:CDE DE6A E@ C64@G6CJ :D 36:?8 9@?6DE H:E9 J@FCD6=7[ D@ :E’D 6G6? ?@E ;FDE 23@FE 5:D9@?6DEJ E@ E96 4@FCE[ 3FE :E’D 2=D@ 23@FE 36:?8 9@?6DE H:E9 J@FCD6=7]k^Am
kAm!F?:D9:?8 D@>6@?6 7@C C6=2AD6[ E96 D4:6?46 92D D9@H?[ :D 24EF2==J 4@F?E6CAC@5F4E:G6] p?5 E9:D :D @?6 @7 E96 7=2HD :? @FC DJDE6>] (:E9@FE DECF4EFC65 DFAA@CE[ H96? A6@A=6 92G6 D6C:@FD 255:4E:@? :DDF6D[ H96? H6 D2J E@ E96>[ J@F 4@>6 :?[ J@F 86E 2CC6DE65 3642FD6 J@F’C6 FD:?8[ @C J@F 4@>6 :? @? D@>6 ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6[ D@>6 4C:>6[ G:@=6?E @C ?@? G:@=6?E[ 5CF8\C6=2E65 4C:>6[ 2?5 J@F 8@ @FE @? 32:= 2?5 E96 :DDF6 :D J@F 42?’E FD6 @C A@DD6DD 2?5 J@F’G6 8@E E@ 86E 4@F?D6=:?8 2?5 ?@?6 @7 E92E 92AA6?D 2?5 E96? E96J 86E 2CC6DE65 2?5 4@>6 324< :?E@ E96 ;2:=] %92E 5@6D?’E H@C< :? E96 D2>6 H2J 2D 8:G:?8 D@>6@?6 2 9:89 D6?E6?46 5@6D?’E H@C<] %96J ?665 E96 DECF4EFC6]k^Am
kAm%96 6I2>A=6 x FD6 :D =:<6 E6==:?8 D@>6@?6 H:E9 EH@ 3C@<6? =68D[ J@F’G6 8@E E@ CF? E@ 7:CDE 32D6] *@F’C6 ?@E 5@:?8 :E] (92E @FC D@4:6EJ 92D E@ =62C? 2?5 2446AE :D E92E H6 92G6 2? 6A:56>:4 2C@F?5 E9:D :==?6DD 2?5 :E’D 8@:?8 E@ E2<6 E:>6 677@CE 2?5 >@?6J E@ 86E E9C@F89 :E] (6 42? 86E E9C@F89 :E[ x E9:?<[ 3FE A2CE @7 E92E >62?D E92E H6 92G6 E@ 36 H:==:?8 E@ AC@G:56 DECF4EFC65 D6CG:46D E@ 96=A A6@A=6 86E E96C6]k^Am
kAmx562==J[ :E 5@6D?’E 92AA6? :? E96 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6>] xE 92AA6?D 367@C6 E92E] qFE 3642FD6 @7 E96 D6CG:46D[ 2?5 H92E’D 92AA6?:?8 3642FD6 E96J’C6 ?@E E96C6[ :D E96J’C6 4@>:?8 :?E@ E96 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6>] x7 E96J’C6 4@>:?8 :?[ E96 2?DH6C’D ?@E E@ D2J H6==[ J@F >6DD65 FA[ J@F’C6 2 325 <:5 @C J@F’C6 2 325 A6CD@?[ E96C67@C6 H6’C6 E2<:?8 J@F 2H2J 7C@> J@FC 49:=5C6? 2?5 J@FC A2CE?6C 2?5 J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ ;2:= 7@C D:I >@?E9D[ 2?5 J@F’C6 4@>:?8 324< @FE 2?5 E96? J@F’G6 8@E ?@E9:?8[ 2?5 ?@H J@F’C6 D6I EC277:4<:?8 J@FCD6=7 3642FD6 J@F’G6 8@E ?@E9:?8[ E96 H9@=6 4J4=6]k^Am
kAm(92E H6 92G6 E@ 5@ :D D2J[ ?@[ A6@A=6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ C6=2AD6[ E92E’D A2CE @7 E96 C64@G6CJ[ 2?5 H6 92G6 E@ F?56CDE2?5 E92E] p?5 A6@A=6 2C6 ?@E 4C:>:?2=D] !6@A=6 5@?’E C62==J H2?E E@ C6=2AD6] x >62? 2E E96 E:>6 E92E E96J 5@ :E E96J H2?E E@ C6=2AD6[ 3FE E96J 5@?’E H2?E E@ C6=2AD6] %96J H2?E 962=E9]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m (92E’D J@FC A@D:E:@? @? ;2:=:?8 4C:>6 H:E?6DD6D 2?5 G:4E:>D E@ ECJ E@ D64FC6 E96:C E6DE:>@?Jnk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi x 5@?’E =:<6 :E] x H2D C62==J FAD6E H96? :E 92AA6?65 :? pF8FDE2]k^Am
kAmx H:== 92G6 E@ E6== J@F E92E x 92G6?’E E9@F89E E9C@F89 :E 6?@F89 E@ D2J x H:== ?6G6C 5@ :E] qFE >J :>>65:2E6 8FE C624E:@? H96? E92E 92AA6?65 H2D x H2D C62==J FAD6E 3J :E] xE D66>D =:<6 2 42D6 @7 E96 DE2E6 =@D:?8 E96 A6CDA64E:G6 @7 H92E :E’D DFAA@D65 E@ 5@]k^Am
kAmx F?56CDE2?5 E96 E9:?<:?8 2?5 E96 C62D@?:?8 369:?5 :E[ 3FE 2E D@>6 A@:?E[ J@F 92G6 E@ C6DA64E E92E A6@A=6 92G6 E96:C =:36CE:6D 2?5 46CE2:?=J 7@C4:?8 D@>6@?6 E@ E6DE:7J H9@ 5@6D?’E H2?E E@ E6DE:7J 92D 8@E E@ 36 56DECF4E:G6 @? D@>6 =6G6=[ @? D@>6 6>@E:@?2= @C ADJ49@=@8:42= =6G6=] x7 E92E’D H92E’D 92AA6?:?8[ E96C6 AC@323=J ?665D E@ 36 2?@E96C H2J E@ 5@ :E]k^Am
kAmxE 2=>@DE D66>D =:<6 2 D=658692>>6C 2AAC@249] p?5 282:?[ 92G:?8 ?@E 366? :? E92E A@D:E:@?[ x 5@?’E H2?E E@ 4@>>:E E@ ?6G6C 5@:?8 :E[ 3FE E92E’D >J E9@F89E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m {6E’D E2=< 23@FE J@FC 8C2?E\HC:E:?8 2?5 7F?5C2:D:?8 AC@A@D2=D] x <?@H J@F H2?E E@ 6IA2?5 E96 42A24:EJ @7 E96 @77:46 E@ 96=A A6@A=6 2446DD D6CG:46D 2?5 >2<6 @E96C :?E6CG6?E:@?D] %2=< 23@FE J@FC A=2?D E96C6 2 =:EE=6 3:E >@C6 4@?4C6E6=J 2?5 :7 J@F 92G6 2?J A=2?D E@ 36 EC2?DA2C6?E 23@FE 9@H E92E >@?6J H@F=5 36 DA6?E 2?5 D@F89E\27E6C]k^9bm
kAm{6E >6 2?DH6C E96 D64@?5 @?6 7:CDEi 567:?:E6=J] x C62==J E9:?< EC2?DA2C6?4J :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 :>A@CE2?E] %92E’D H92E A6@A=6 H2?E] x E9:?< E92E’D :>A@CE2?E] %96C6’D 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ 36 2 32=2?4:?8 2AAC@249 2C@F?5 AC@E64E:?8 G:4E:>D’ AC:G24J :DDF6D 3FE @FED:56 @7 E92E[ :E’D 4=62C E92E E92E ?665D E@ 92AA6?]k^Am
kAm~FC 5:DEC:4E 2EE@C?6JD 92G6 366? 9:5:?8 369:?5 E96 4FCE2:? 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6 2?5 E9:D :D 2 AF3=:4 ;@3 2?5 A6@A=6 ?665 E@ 5@ :E] ~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D x’G6 E2=<65 23@FE :D E96C6 2C6 BF6DE:@?D 23@FE E96 6IE6?E @7 E96 5@4F>6?E2E:@?[ H9:49 x E9:?< :D 8@@5[ E96C6 :D 2 >2?286C:2=[ 7F?5:?8 A:646 E@ E92E E92E x E9:?< J@F 92G6 E@ 7:8FC6 @FE] qFE 46CE2:?=J[ J6D x E9:?< E92E’D :>A@CE2?E]k^Am
kAmx C2? 2 ?@?AC@7:E 7@C 23@FE `_ J62CD[ 6I64FE:G6 5:C64E@C @7 :E[ 2?5 >J 3C@E96C 2?5 x DE2CE65 :E :? `hgh — 2 =:EE=6 =6DD E92? `_ J62CD 3FE 23@FE E92E 2>@F?E @7 E:>6] x? E92E E:>6[ x C2:D65 2 =@E @7 >@?6J 7@C E96 @C82?:K2E:@? 5@:?8 2 =@E @7 8C2?E\HC:E:?8 2?5 H@C<:?8 H:E9 7@F?52E:@?D 2?5 :?5:G:5F2= 7F?56CD] (6 925 E9:D :562 FD:?8 ?2CC2E:G6 DE@CJE6==:?8 2D 2 H2J E@ 86E >:55=6 D49@@= 2?5 6=6>6?E2CJ D49@@= DEF56?ED :?E6C6DE65 :? 6IAC6DD:?8 E96:C G@:46 :? 2 H2J E92E 82G6 E96> 2 D6?D6 @7 36=@?8:?8 2?5 6>A@H6C>6?E[ :7 J@F H:==]k^Am
kAmxE H2D 2? :562 E92E H6 7F?565] (96? H6 7:CDE DE2CE65 :E[ A6@A=6 H6C6 D2J:?8[ H6==[ :E H2D 2 ?:46 :562 3FE 9@H 2C6 J@F 8@:?8 E@ 7F?5 :En p=>@DE b_ J62CD =2E6C[ E96 @C82?:K2E:@? DE:== 6I:DED @FE :? $2? uC2?4:D4@]k^Am
kAmx H:== 3C:?8 E@ E96 ;@3 2? F?56CDE2?5:?8 @7 9@H E@ C2:D6 >@?6J 2?5 A2CE @7 E92E :D 4@==23@C2E:?8 H:E9 @E96C @C82?:K2E:@?D[ 7@F?52E:@?D[ 2?5 8@G6C?>6?E 286?4:6D E@ C2:D6 E92E >@?6J] (9:49 8@6D E@ J@FC BF6DE:@? >@C6 5:C64E=J @7 H92E x H2?E E@ 5@[ H9:49 :D 4@==23@C2E6 H:E9 286?4:6D =:<6 !C63=6 $EC66E[ |2:?6(@C<D[ >2J36 8C@FAD =:<6 r2E9@=:4 r92C:E:6D[ 6G6? E96 D96C:77’D @77:46[ 2?5 4@>6 E@86E96C 2?5 4C62E6 56G6=@A>6?E :562D] |2J36 E92E H6 >:89E 2AAC@249 AC:G2E6 7@F?52E:@?D[ H6 >:89E 2AAC@249 7656C2= 7F?5:?8 D@FC46Dj E96C6’D 2 =@E @7 5:776C6?E H2JD[ H6 >:89E C6249 @FE E@ E96 AF3=:4[ E96C6’D 5:776C6?E H2JD J@F H@F=5 5@ :E[ :E H@F=5 AC@323=J 36 2 >F=E:7246E65 2AAC@249]k^Am
kAmvC2?E\HC:E6C H@F=5 AC@323=J 36 >@C6 244FC2E6=J 56D4C:365 2D 2 56G6=@A>6?E =:2:D@? — 7C2?<=J[ ?@E D@>6@?6 H9@ :D ;FDE 8@:?8 E@ HC:E6 8C2?ED] p? 6I2>A=6 :D[ x H2D @G6C 2E !C63=6 $EC66E E2=<:?8 H:E9 ,s6AFEJ s:C64E@C. s@??2 ,*6==6?.[ 2?5 E96J 92G6 E96D6 H@?56C7F= AC@8C2>D[ 2?5 @?6 @7 E96D6 AC@8C2>D E96J’C6 =@D:?8 7F?5:?8 7@C] x? 724E[ x E9:?< :E’D @?6 @7 E96 9@FD:?8 AC@8C2>D E96J 92G6 7@C E66?286CD 2?5 2?@E96C @?6 x E9:?< 7@C E96 9@>6=6DD] p?5 E96J’C6 =:<6[ H6’G6 5@?6 E9:D[ :E’D H@C<:?8[ 3FE H6 2C6 DECF88=:?8 H:E9 7F?5:?8 2?5 E96 DE2E6’D ?@E DFAA@CE:?8 FD]k^Am
kAmx D2:5[ H6==[ x E9:?< E92E :7 E96 s:DEC:4E pEE@C?6J’D @77:46 H2D A2CE @7 E92E[ 2?5 H6’C6 H@C<:?8 H:E9 J@F[ 2?5 H6’C6 C64@8?:K:?8 2=D@ E92E — J@F <?@H[ |2:?6(@C<D[ ,u@F?56C. |2C8@ (2=D9[ D96’D G6CJ :?E6C6DE65 :? 4@==23@C2E:?8[ E@@] %96C6 2C6 5:776C6?E 8C@FAD 2?5 H6 H@F=5 4C62E6 E9:D <:?5 @7 4@>AC696?D:G6 A=2? 3FE 2=D@ 5:D4C66E H:E9 DA64:7:4 @3;64E:G6D] xE H@F=5 36 6>A=@J>6?E[ 9@FD:?8[ EC62E>6?E[ 2?5 H6 H@F=5 4@==23@C2E6 H:E9 E96D6 5:776C6?E @C82?:K2E:@?D]k^Am
kAm(6 H@F=5 4@>6 7@CH2C5 H:E9 2 4@==23@C2E:G6 AC@A@D2=[ H9:49 4@F=5 36 E96? 5C:G6? 3J >J @77:46 :? E96 D6?D6 @7 5@:?8 E96 8C2?E\HC:E:?8[ C6249:?8 @FE 2?5 4@==23@C2E:?8 H:E9 A6@A=6] #2:D:?8 >@?6J :D 2 A6@A=6\:?E6?D:G6 AC@46DD] %96 8C2?E :D E96 5@4F>6?E E92E J@F AC6D6?E E92E D2JD :E 2==[ 3FE J@F 5@?’E ;FDE 86E E96 >@?6J 3642FD6 J@F HC:E6 E96 8C2?E]k^Am
kAm*@F 2C6 >66E:?8 H:E9 3@2C5D @7 5:C64E@CD[ J@F’C6 >66E:?8 H:E9 A6@A=6 :? E96 8@G6C?>6?E[ :E :D 2? :?E6?D:G6 AC@46DD] $@[ 7C2?<=J[ H96? D@>6@?6 D2JD[ x HC:E6 8C2?ED[ J@F 42?’E ;FDE HC:E6 8C2?ED]k^Am
kAm|2J36 E96 >@DE 4@?4C6E6 6I2>A=6 E92E >:89E 36 96=A7F= :D E92E A6@A=6 4@>6 :?E@ E96 ;2:=[ E96J D:E] p?5 D@>6E:>6D E96J 86E @FE 2?5 E96? E96J G:@=2E6 3642FD6 E96J FD6 282:? 2?5 E96? E96J 8@ 324< :?] *@F 92G6 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 9@>6=6DD[ E96J 4@>6 :? E96J A=625 @FE E@ 2 492C86[ E96J’C6 324< @FE @?E@ E96 DEC66E[ ?@E9:?8 492?86D[ :E ;FDE 8@6D @G6C 2?5 @G6C 2?5 @G6C]k^Am
kAmqFE :7 H6 925 2? 2AAC@249 H96C6 E96 8@2= :D E@ 24EF2==J 86E A6@A=6 H9@ 4@>6 :?E@ E96 DJDE6> A=F8865 :?E@ D@FC46D 7@C H96C6 E96J’C6 H@C<:?8[ E96J 86E 9@FD:?8[ 2?5 E96J 86E EC62E>6?E[ 2?5 E96J 86E 324< :?E@ E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ 2?5 H6 C2:D6 >@?6J 7@C E92E[ 2?5 E96? E96 8C62E E9:?8 23@FE E96 6>A=@J>6?E A:646 @7 E92E :D :E 42? 6G6?EF2==J 364@>6 >@C6 D6=7 7F?5:?8] |2C8@ (2=D9 H:== D2J E96C6 :D `__ A6C46?E 56>2?5 7@C A6@A=6 4@>:?8 @FE @7 E96 ;2:=D] (6 92G6 H@C< 7@C E96D6 A6@A=6] (6 ;FDE ?665 E@ >2<6 E96 =:?<] %96C6 :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 FA 7C@?E >@?6J E92E 92D E@ 4@>6 :?E@ E96 DJDE6> 3FE x E9:?< H6 42? 86E :E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m xE D@F?5D =:<6 J@F D66 :E 2D 2 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ 2?5 J@F’C6 H:==:?8 E@ 8@ @FE E96C6 2?5 FD6 E96 4=@FE @7 E9:D @77:46[ 2?5 E96 AC@I:>:EJ E92E :E 92D E@ =2H 6?7@C46>6?E[ E@ =@33J 7@C D6CG:46D 2?5 5:776C6?E 2AAC@2496D] xD E92E 4@CC64Enk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi x’G6 962C5 A6@A=6 D2J[ H6 42?’E C2:D6 E96 >@?6J[ H6 5@?’E 92G6 E96 >@?6J[ 2?5 x 5@?’E 2446AE E92E] x ;FDE 5@?’E 3642FD6 x 92G6 6IA6C:6?46 C2:D:?8 >@?6J]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 E96 492==6?86D :? C2:D:?8 >@?6J E92E 6G6CJ @C82?:K2E:@? H:== 562= H:E9 :D DFDE2:?23:=:EJ 2?5 x 2446AE E92E] (6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ 3F:=5 =68D F?56C?62E9 :E[ H9:49 :D H9J H6 ?665 E@ DE2CE E2=<:?8 23@FE 6>A=@J>6?E] x7 A6@A=6 2C6 H@C<:?8 2?5 E96? E96J 368:? E@ A2J 7@C E96:C @H? 9@FD:?8 E96? :E 368:?D E@ 7F??6= 324< :? 2?5 E96C6 2C6 H2JD E@ 5@ :E]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< A6@A=6 H2?E E@ E2<6 42C6 @7 E96:C @H?[ E96J H2?E E@ 36 @? E96:C @H? EH@ 766E[ E96J 5@?’E H2?E @E96C A6@A=6 8:G:?8 E96> 92?5@FED] |2C8@ (2=D9[ 2E e p| x H2D @FE E96C6 2 4@FA=6 H66<D 28@ @? 2 (65?6D52J >@C?:?8[ E96J’C6 @FE :? 96C A2C<:?8 =@E 2C@F?5 2 7:C6 A:E[ E96C6’D AC@323=J ad 8FJD 2?5 E96J’C6 ;FDE E2=<:?8 23@FE E96 52J] p?5 E96? E96J’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE E96 H@C< E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 8@ 5@]k^Am
kAm$@>6 @7 E9@D6 8FJD ;FDE 8@E @FE @7 AC:D@?[ D@>6 @7 E96> 92G6 366? 5@:?8 :E 7@C 2 H9:=6] qFE E96C6’D 2 D6?D6 @7 AFCA@D6 2?5 E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 8@ 5@ E96:C ;@3 2?5 E96J 92G6 2 4@>>F?:EJ 2?5 e p| :D 62C=J 2?5 E96J’C6 E96C6] p?5 A6@A=6 E2<6 AC:56 :? :E]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E96 s:DEC:4E pEE@C?6J :D ?@E @?=J =@@<:?8 2E A@=:4J] xE’D ?@E ;FDE 2? 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 ;@3[ :E C62==J 2=D@ 42? 36 2 4@>>F?:EJ 724:=:E2E@C 3642FD6 J@F 5@ 92G6 E96 2FE9@C:EJ @7 E96 ;@3] *@F 5@ 92G6 E9:D[ J@F 42? FD6 E92E A@D:E:@? E@ D2J H6 42? >2<6 E9:D 92AA6? 3642FD6 H92E J@F 42? D2J E@ 2 7F?56C :D — 7F?56CD H2?E E@ <?@H 9@H 2C6 J@F 8@:?8 E@ >2<6 E9:D H@C< — H6==[ H6 92G6 E96 :?46?E:G6] x’> 8@:?8 E@ >2<6 E9:D H@C< 2?5 x 24EF2==J 92G6 E96 2FE9@C:EJ @7 E96 =2H E@ AFE AC6DDFC6 @? A6@A=6 E@ 5@ :E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@F’G6 D2:5 J@F’G6 366? C6D62C49:?8 D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6D[ D@ >J 7:CDE BF6DE:@? H2D[ 5@ J@F 92G6 2?J FA52E6D @? J@FC A@D:E:@?n |J D64@?5 BF6DE:@? :D :7 J@F’C6 6=64E65 4@F=5 J@F D66 J@FCD6=7 FD:?8 E96 @77:46’D 4=@FE 2?5 AC@I:>:EJ E@ =2H 6?7@C46>6?E E@ 8@ E@ $96C:77 y@J46 2?5 D2J[ J@F C62==J ?665 E@ 5@ |65:42E:@? pDD:DE65 %C62E>6?E W|p%X :? E96 ;2:=]k^9bm
k9bmw6 D2:5 ;FDE EH@ >@?E9D 28@ E92E E96J’C6 ?@E 5@:?8 :E 2?5 9:D C62D@?D 2C6 4@DE 2?5 :?>2E6 EFC?@G6C 2?5 A6CD@??6=] x? >J G:6H[ :7 J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ 2CC6DE A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 24E:G6 FD6CD 2?5 E96? J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ AFE E96> :? 32D:42==J E96 5CF?< E2?< E@ >2<6 E96> D@36C FA[ E92E’D :CC6DA@?D:3=6] $@ x’> H@?56C:?8 J@FC E2<6 @? E92E]k^9bm
kAmx 766= DEC@?8=J E92E :7 |p% :D 4=:?:42==J ?646DD2CJ[ 2?5 C64@>>6?565 3J 2 5@4E@C[ 2?5 D@>6@?6 :D 2CC6DE65[ E96? |p% 92D E@ 36 AC@G:565] p?5 :E 92D?’E 92AA6?65 J6E 3FE E96 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 C62==J =6256CD :? E9:D 7:6=5 ?2E:@?2==J 92G6 D2:5 E92E E9:D :D 2 4@?DE:EFE:@?2= :DDF6 2?5 :E ?665D E@ 36 2EE24<65]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *629[ x E9:?< :E’D 2? t:89E9 p>6?5>6?E :DDF6]k^9bm
kAm$@ J629[ E92E’D 2? 62DJ @?6 7@C >6] %96C6 >2J 36 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 :DDF6D[ 3FE x E9:?< E92E E9@D6 42? 86E H@C<65 E9C@F89] x 92G6 4=:6?ED H9@ 2C6 FD:?8 >6E925@?6 @C DF3@I@?6 2?5 E96J 8@ :? 2?5 :E’D :>>65:2E6 H:E95C2H2= 2?5 E96J 86E D:4<] |2:?6 :D C62==J 72C 369:?5 :? |p% E92? @E96C DE2E6D]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x E9:?< :E’D EH@ ;2:=D 2?5 ?@ AC:D@?D 92G6 :E]k^9bm
kAmp?5 E96 EH@ ;2:=D E92E 5@ 92G6 :E 2C6 ;FDE 6IA6C:>6?E:?8[ :E’D =:>:E65] |p% :D C62==J :>A@CE2?E 2?5 D@>6 52J[ ad J62CD 7C@> ?@H H96? |p% :D :? E96 ;2:=D[ E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ D2J[ 9@H 5:5 H6 ?@En *@F’C6 C:89E[ :E’D 2? t:89E9 p>6?5>6?E :DDF6[ x’> H:E9 J@F @? E92E]k^Am
kAm%96 2?DH6C E@ E96 D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6Di w6C6’D >J DECF88=6 H:E9 :E] |J DECF88=6 :D :E 766=D =:<6 J@F’C6 6?23=:?8 D@>6@?6 E@ FD6] p?5 H96? x E9:?< 23@FE :E :? >J 9625[ x D2J[ H6==[ D@>6@?6 H9@VD 2 D6G6C6 2=4@9@=:4 2?5 x D2J E@ 2 72>:=J >6>36C @C 7C:6?5[ H9J 5@?’E J@F 4@>6 9@>6 2?5 ;FDE 5C:?< 2E >J 9@FD6 2?5 xV== ;FDE AC@G:56 J@F E96 A=246[ 3C:?8 J@FC 3@@K6] p?5 x’> 2==@H:?8 E96> E@ 4@?E:?F6]k^Am
kAm%96J’C6 D276C] %96J’C6 ?@E @? E96 C@25[ 3FE xV> DE:== 6?23=:?8 E96> E@ 5@ :E] p?5 E92E[ E@ >6[ :D 2 5:77:4F=E @?6] w@H6G6C[ E96 A6@A=6 xV> H@C<:?8 H:E9[ r@=:? 2?5 !2EC:4:2[ 2D<65 >6[ (6==[ 72:C 6?@F89[ ,3FE. H@F=5 J@F AC@D64FE6 D@>6@?6 H9@ H2D FD:?8 :? 2 D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6n p?5 x D2:5 ?@] $@ E96J =@@< 2E >6 2?5 D2J[ H6==[ J@F DFAA@CE D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6DPk^Am
kAmx 4@?46AEF2==J 2> EC@F3=65 H:E9 :E 7C@> 2 C64@G6CJ A=246] x DE:== DECF88=6 H:E9 E92E 2?5 x’> DE:== 6IA=@C:?8 :E] {682==J[ :E 8@6D 324< E@ J@FC BF6DE:@? — 5@ J@F AF?:D9 D@>6@?6 7@C FD:?8n x E9:?< E92E’D E96 HC@?8 2AAC@249] x7 J@F 925 2 D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6 2?5 A6@A=6 2C6 FD:?8[ 2?5 E96 A@=:46 2CC6DE E96>[ x’> ?@E 8@:?8 E@ AC@D64FE6 E96> 7@C FD:?8 5CF8D]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m $@ H@F=5 J@F 492C24E6C:K6 J@FC A@D:E:@? 2D[ J@F H@F=5 ?@E @AA@D6 D276 :?;64E:@? D:E6D :7 E96J 42>6 E@ rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ 3FE E92E J@F H@F=5?’E 36 2 G@42= 25G@42E6 7@C :Enk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi x E9:?< E92E’D 72:C] x E9:?< E92E’D C:89E] x 5@?’E E9:?< x’> C625J E@ 8@ @FE 2?5 D2J H6 ?665 E@ >2<6 E9:D 92AA6? 3FE :7 E96 4@>>F?:EJ D2:5[ =@@<[ H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E96D6[ x 46CE2:?=J H@F=5?’E @AA@D6 E92E] p?5 J@F <?@H[ :? E6C>D @7 E96 25G@424J[ x’> ?@E E96C6 J6E[ x’> ?@E DFC6 E92E x H@?’E 86E E96C6]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@F @AA@D6 FD:?8 42D9 32:= 7@C =@H\=6G6= ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D 3642FD6 @7 E96 C24:2= 2?5 4=2DD 5:DA2C:E:6D E92E 4@>6 @7 :E[ 3FE J@F E9:?< E92E :E 92D 2 C@=6 E@ A=2J 7@C 9:896C =6G6= @776?D6D] w@H J@F C64@?4:=6 E92Ei E9:D :562 E92E 42D9 32:= E2C86ED A6@A=6 @? E96 32D:D @7 E96:C 4=2DD 2?5 >@DE @7E6? 2D 2 C6DF=E @7 E92E E96:C C246] xD :E ?@E E96 D2>6 42D6 7@C 9:89 =6G6= @776?D6Dn u@C :?DE2?46[ w2CG6J (6:?DE6:? ;FDE 8@E @FE @7 ;2:=[ 96 DFCC6?56C65 9:>D6=7 E@ E96 A@=:46 2?5 A2:5 9:D S` >:==:@? 32:= 2?5 H6?E 9@>6 @? 6=64EC@?:4 >@?:E@C:?8]k^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi x E9:?< E92E’D 2 72:C BF6DE:@? 2?5 >2J36 E96C6’D D@>6 :?4@?D:DE6?4J E96C6] %96C6 2C6 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 52?86C@FD E@ E96 4@>>F?:EJ] ~FC 4@?DE:EFE:@? 5@6D?’E 2==@H E96> E@ 36 96=5 H:E9@FE 32:= 6I46AE :? C2C6 4:C4F>DE2?46D] x’> ?@E H:==:?8 E@ DFAA@CE E9:D :562 E92E 2?J@?6 42? 36 C6=62D65 ?@ >2EE6C H92E]k^Am
kAm(96? J@F =@@< 2E A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 52?86C@FD @776?56CD[ 42D9 32:= :D @?6 H2J E@ 9@=5 E96>[ 2?5 E96J H@F=5 36 96=5 @? 2 9:89 42D9 32:=] %96C6 :D 2 C:D<[ J@F’C6 C:89E[ E92E’D ECF6 J@F DE:== 92G6 E96 AC@3=6> H9:49 J@F C2:D6 H9:49 :D E92E D@>6@?6 H9@’D :?4C65:3=J H62=E9J 42? H2=<] p?5 E92E :D :>A6C764E]k^Am
kAmqFE E96C6 :D 2 ?665[ :? D@>6 42D6D[ E@ <66A A6@A=6[ E@ 9@=5 A6@A=6 3642FD6 E96J 2C6 F?D276] %92E’D H9J x DFAA@CE :E] qFE (2D9:?8E@? s]r] :D :?E6C6DE:?8 E@ =@@< 2E 3642FD6 (2D9:?8E@? s]r] 92D >@C6 D6C:@FD @776?D6D E92? H6 5@ 2?5 E96J C6=62D6 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6[ 3FE E96J 92G6 E96 C6D@FC46D 7@C 8@@5 DFA6CG:D:@?]k^Am
kAm%96 AC@3=6> E92E }6H y6CD6J :D 92G:?8 C:89E ?@H :D E92E }6H y6CD6J C62==J H2D G6CJ 7@CH2C5\E9:?<:?8 2?5 4@FC286@FD[ :7 J@F H:==[ E@ 564:56 E@ 86E C:5 @7 :E] %96 AC@3=6> :D E92E E96 :562 8@E 2 =:EE=6 29625 @7 E96 2AA=:42E:@? 2?5 E96J’C6 92G:?8 EC@F3=6 7:?2?4:2==J 2?5 E96 C:D< :D E92E E96 H9@=6 E9:?8 >:89E 3=@H FA]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %92E’D H@CE9 3C:?8:?8 FA :? E9:D 4@?G6CD2E:@? 3642FD6 H96? H6 E2=< 23@FE 6?5:?8 42D9 32:= H6’C6 C62==J E2=<:?8 :? >@DE 42D6D 23@FE C6A=24:?8 :E H:E9 D@>6E9:?8 6=D6[ =:<6 C:D< 2DD6DD>6?ED 2?5 6=64EC@?:4 >@?:E@C:?8[ H9:49 92G6 E96:C @H? AC@3=6>D H:E9 C24:2= 3:2D 2?5 D@ @?]k^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi %92E’D 23D@=FE6=J C:89E[ H9:49 :D H9J[ 7C2?<=J[ >@DE @7 E96 =68:D=2EFC6 :D C625J E@ DE6A :? @? E9:D 3FE 2D 2 sp H6 42? =@@< 2E 2== E9@D6 724E@CD]k^Am
kAm(6 H@F=5 C62==J 36 D2J:?8 H6 42?’E <66A A6@A=6 :? ;2:= 3642FD6 E96J’C6 A@@C] %9:D :D H96C6 E9:D H9@=6 :562 @7 5@:?8 2 EC:286 FA7C@?E[ 2 C:D< 2DD6DD>6?E 2?5 ?665D 2DD6DD>6?E[ 2?5 E96? 92G:?8 D@>6H96C6 7@C A6@A=6 E@ 8@ E@ :7 E96J ?665 :E — ?@E 6G6CJ@?6 ?665D E9@D6 D6CG:46D 3FE D@>6 >2J 2?5 D2J[ =@@<[ E9:D :D H96C6[ E96D6 2C6 8@??2 36 2G2:=23=6[ =6ED A=F8 E9:D A6CD@? :?E@ E9:D]k^Am
kAmx H2D :? 4@FCE E@52J[ :E H2D?’E >J 42D6 3FE x H2D H2E49:?8 E9:D 42D6] %96C6’D 2? :?5:G:5F2= E96C6 H9@ 92D 2 =@?8 4C:>:?2= 9:DE@CJ 3FE E96 4@FCE 2 76H >@?E9D @C H66<D 28@ 925 :DDF65 2 Sc__ 42D9 32:=] vFJ 42?’E 4@>6 FA H:E9 Sc__ 42D9 32:=] p?5 E96 DE2E6’D D2J:?8[ H6==[ :ED 2 D276EJ :DDF6[ H6 42?’E =6E 9:> @FE]k^Am
kAmp?5 J@F’C6 E9:?<:?8 E@ J@FCD6=7[ :E’D Sc__[ H92E 2C6 J@F E2=<:?8 23@FEn %96J 7:=65 2 >@E:@? E@ 2>6?5 E96 32:=[ E96 5676?D6 5:5 2?5 9:D 2EE@C?6J[ 2?5 E96 @?=J C62D@? 96’D ?@E @FE :D 3642FD6 96 42?’E 4@>6 FA H:E9 Sc__] (92E :D E92E 23@FEnk^Am
kAmx7 E96 A6CD@? C62==J :D =68:E:>2E6=J 2 C:D< E96? J@F 92G6 E@ 562= H:E9 :E :? E92E H2J] qFE :7 J@F 92G6 2 Sc__ 42D9 32:=[ H92E 2C6 J@F 5@:?8n p?5 E92E’D E96 AC@3=6>]k^Am
kAmqFE E@ D2E:D7J E96 ?665D @7 E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ E@ >2<6 :E H@C<[ H6 92G6 E@ 92G6 46CE2:? E9:?8D :? A=246] q642FD6 :7 H6 8@ E@ 42D9=6DD 32:= 7@C =@H C:D< @776?D6D[ 2?5 E9:?8D 2C6 ?@E H@C<:?8[ E96 AF3=:4 :D ?@E 8@:?8 E@ DFAA@CE :E 7@C G6CJ =@?8] $@ H6’G6 8@E E@ 5@ :E C:89E @C 6=D6 :E’D 8@:?8 E@ 72:=] p?5 E96? H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 AFEE:?8 A6@A=6 324< :?] $@ H6’G6 8@E E@ 36 D>2CE 23@FE :E 3FE x E9:?< H6 42? 5@ :E :? 2 H2J E92E H@C<D] p?5 (2D9:?8E@? sr[ 6G6? E9@F89 E96J 92G6 >@C6 C6D@FC46D[ E96J’C6 D9@H:?8 FD E92E :E 42? H@C<]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m (@F=5 J@FC @77:46 4C62E6 2 4@?G:4E:@? :?E68C:EJ F?:E E@ :?G6DE:82E6 AC@D64FE:@?D 7@C 4=2:>D @7 HC@?87F= 4@?G:4E:@? 2?5 :??@46?46nk^9bm
kAm$6E9 {6GJi x 46CE2:?=J H@F=5?’E 36 @AA@D65 E@ :E] *@F <?@H[ :E H@F=5 36 2 7F?5:?8 :DDF6[ 3FE :7 E92E H2D D@>6E9:?8 A6@A=6 H2?E65] x 92G6 ?@ 56D:C6 7@C A6@A=6 E@ 36 :?42C46C2E65 2?5 HC@?8=J 4@?G:4E65] %92E :D H92E J@F’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE[ C:89Enk^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *629[ 2?5 E@ 3C@256? :E 2 =:EE=6 3:E[ E96 sp’D @77:46 92D ?@ C62= @G6CD:89E] xE’D <:?5 @7 :ED @H? 7:675@> :? E96 8@G6C?>6?E] $@ 2 r@?G:4E:@? x?E68C:EJ &?:E :D ;FDE @?6 D>2== >62DFC6 @7 @G6CD:89E] x >62?[ :E H@F=5 DE:== 36 92AA6?:?8 7C@> H:E9:? E96 sp’D @77:46[ 3FE E92E’D H92E E9:D :D 23@FEi 92G:?8 D@>6 4964< @? E96 sp’D A@H6C]k^9bm
kAm*629[ x H@F=5 46CE2:?=J DFAA@CE 2? 2EE@C?6J 86?6C2=’D A@D:E:@? 5@:?8 :E] x’> ?@E DFC6[ ;FDE 7C@> 2? 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 A6CDA64E:G6[ 2 >@?6J A6CDA64E:G6[ 2?5 2 4@?7=:4E\@7\:?E6C6DE A6CDA64E:G6[ x’> ?@E DFC6 :E >2<6D D6?D6 E@ 92G6 E96 sp’D @77:46 5@:?8 E92E]k^Am
kAmqFE[ :7 E96C6 H2D — 2?5 >2J36 E9:D :D H96C6 :E’D 2 ?@?AC@7:E E92E 4@>6D :?[ >2J36 :E’D E96 pr{&[ x 5@?’E <?@H — 3FE >2J36 D@>6@?6 H2?ED E@ 4@>6 :? 2?5 92G6 2446DD E@ C64@C5D] p82:?[ J@F 92G6 E@ AC@E64E A6@A=6’D AC:G24J]k^Am
kAmx’> DFC6=J ?@E @AA@D65 E@ E92E] x 5@?’E <?@H H9J @C H96C6 E9:D 92AA6?65 H96C6 7@C D@>6 C62D@? AC@D64FE@CD 76=E =:<6 E96J 925 E@ ;FDE 86E 2D >2?J A6@A=6 369:?5 32CD 2D A@DD:3=6]k^Am
kAm(6==[ x E9:?< E96 C:D<^C6H2C5 2>@?8 E96 AF3=:4 92D 2=H2JD 366? >@C6 E@H2C5 288C6DD:G6 AC@D64FE:@?] xE’D E92E @?6 8FJ E92E J@F =6E @FE H9@ 8@6D @FE 2?5 <:==D D@>63@5J E92E =625D E@ 2 H9@=6 ?6H D6E @7 >2?52E@CJ >:?:>F>D]k^Am
kAm(6 2C6 AFD9:?8 E9:D 286?52[ 2?5 E92E’D 8C62E[ 3FE H6 92G6 8@E E@ 5@ :E C:89E] q642FD6 A6@A=6 2C6 @A6? E@ :E] p?5 :7 H6 5@?’E 5@ :E C:89E[ E96? E96 A6?5F=F> 4@F=5 DH:?8] (9:49 :D 2?@E96C E9:?8 x E9:?< E92E D6A2C2E6D >6 7C@> E96 @E96C 42?5:52E6D[ 3642FD6 x 92G6 D@ >F49 6IA6C:6?46 H@C<:?8 H:E9 A6@A=6 H:E9 DF3DE2?46 23FD6 5:D@C56C[ >6?E2= :==?6DD[ x C62==J F?56CDE2?5 E9@D6 :DDF6D] !2CE=J 3642FD6 : 92G6 2? @=56C D:DE6C H9@ :D D6G6C6=J >6?E2==J :==[ x 86E :E]k^Am
kAm*@F E2=< E@ E96 8@@5 4=:?:4:2?D H9@ H@C< H:E9:? E92E A@AF=2E:@?[ J@F 42? 6:E96C — E96C6’D 2 H2J E@ C6DA@?5 E@ E96 :==?6DD6D H96C6 J@F 5@?’E 86E C2:=C@2565] %96C6 :D 2 7:C>?6DD E92E 92D E@ 92AA6?[ J@F 42?’E ;FDE =6E :E H2=< @G6C J@F[ J@F 92G6 E@ 36 7:C> 23@FE :E[ 2?5 x E9:?< x 3C:?8 E92E F?56CDE2?5:?8 E@ E9:D]k^Am
kAmxE’D C6>2C<23=6 9@H 76H A6@A=6 C62==J F?56CDE2?5 E96D6 :DDF6D] *@F D66 :E H:E9 49:=5\AC@E64E:G6 42D6D[ x 5@ D@>6 49:=5\AC@E64E:@? H@C<[ J@F’== D66 8F2C5:2? k6>m25 =:E6>Dk^6>m H9@ H:== >2<6 E96D6 C64@>>6?52E:@?D[ 2?5 A6@A=6 5@?’E F?56CDE2?5 H92E’D 8@:?8 @?] qFE =@@<[ E96C6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 >:DE2<6D E92E 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 >256] (92E’D :?E6C6DE:?8 23@FE !@CE=2?5 :D E92E !@CE=2?5 :D ?@E D@ 3:8 E92E :E’D 8@E E96D6 6?EC6?4965 3FC62F4C24:6D] !6@A=6 2C6 23=6 E@ 92G6 >@G6>6?E 96C6] xE’D ?@E 2 9F86 @462? =:?6C — 3FE :E’D ?@E 2 D<:77 6:E96C]k^Am
kAmy@? v2=6k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %96 C67@C> 4@?G6CD2E:@? :? E9:D C246 92D 7@4FD65 AC:>2C:=J @? 2=E6C?2E:G6D 7@C =@H\=6G6= 2?5 ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D] x H2?E E@ 962C 23@FE J@FC 2AAC@249 E@ AC@D64FE:?8 G:@=6?E @776?D6D] x? E96 A2DE 76H 7@CF>D[ x’G6 962C5 J@F 2?5 E96 @E96C 42?5:52E6D D2J J@F’== 36 23=6 E@ 5:776C6?E:2E6 36EH66? D@>6@?6 H9@ ?665D DF3DE2?46 23FD6 EC62E>6?E 2?5 D@>6@?6 H9@ :D 2 4C:>:?2= H:E9 2 5CF8 AC@3=6>]k^9bm
k9bm%2=< 23@FE E92E 2 =:EE=6 3:E] w@H 2?5 H9J :D J@FC 2AAC@249 5:776C6?E 7C@> ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D[ 2?5 H@F=5 J@F 2AA=J 2?J @7 E96 D2>6 C67@C>\>:?565 2AAC@2496D J@F 92G6 7@C ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6D E@ G:@=6?E @776?D6Dnk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i ~?6 @7 >J @AA@?6?ED 2E 2? 6G6?E :? y2?F2CJ 2E 2 rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ ,s6>@4C2E:4 !2CEJ. >66E:?8[ D2:5 x’> 23@FE C67@C> 2?5 EC62E>6?E 3FE E96? A2CD65 @FE 2D 2 42E68@CJ 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6D] ,p?@E96C 2EE@C?6J. C2:D65 9:D 92?5 2?5 D2:5[ =@@<[ E9@D6 D2>6 :DDF6D H:E9 DF3DE2?46 23FD6 2?5 ADJ49 :DDF6D[ >6?E2= 962=E9 :DDF6D[ 2AA=J E@ 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6D] w@H 5@ J@F C64@?4:=6 E92En %96 2?DH6C 2G@:565 E92E BF6DE:@? 4@>A=6E6=J[ 3FE :E 92D?’E 366? 2D<65 6G6C D:?46]k^Am
kAm%96 ;@3 @7 E96 sp :D E@ <66A A6@A=6 D276] (96? E96C6’D 2 G:4E:>[ 7@C 6I2>A=6 :? 2 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6[ J@F =@@< 2E 2 G:4E:> 2?5 J@F 2D< E96 G:4E:>[ 7:CDE @7 2==[ k6>mH92E :D :E E92E J@F H2?Enk^6>mk^Am
kAmx7 J@F’G6 366? 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6 @C :7 J@F’C6 2 AC@D64FE@C 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6[ E92E 2?DH6C :Dik6>mx 5@?’E 6G6? H2?E 9:> E@ 36 AC@D64FE65k^6>m,@C. k6>m2D >F49 ;2:= @C AC:D@? 2D A@DD:3=6 2?5 x ?6G6C 6G6C H2?E E@ D66 9:> 282:?k^6>m] %92E’D 2 C62==J 3C@25 DA64ECF>[ 3FE J@F E2<6 :?E@ 244@F?E H92E E96 G:4E:> D2JD]k^Am
kAm}@H[ =6E’D D2J 2 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6] x’== DF886DE 72C >@C6 @7E6? E92? ?@E 2 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6 :?G@=G6D DF3DE2?46 23FD6 2?5^@C >6?E2= 962=E9 :DDF6D] x7 E96 ?F>36C @?6 BF6DE:@? :D 9@H 5@ H6 36DE <66A A6@A=6 D276[ E96C6 42? 36 ?@ BF6DE:@? E92E H6 5@ ?@E :8?@C6 E96 D2>6 E9:?8D E92E H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 7@C ?@?G:@=6?E 42D6D] xE’D EC62E>6?E]k^Am
kAm{6EVD FD6 E96 DE6C6@EJA:42= 42D6] %96 8FJ :D A9JD:42==J G:@=6?E H:E9 9:D H:76 @C 8:C=7C:6?5 2?5 96 FD6D 9:D A9JD:42= 42A24:EJ 2D 2 =6G6C286 :? 2C8F>6?E] w6 42? H:? 2? 2C8F>6?E 3642FD6 E96C6’D 2=H2JD E9:D E9C62E[ DA@<6? @C F?DA@<6?[ E92E J@F 4@>A=J @C x’> 8@:?8 E@ H:? E96 2C8F>6?E H:E9 H92E x 92G6[ 2?5 H92E x 92G6 :D >J A9JD:42= 7@C46 @G6C J@FC A9JD:42= 7@C46]k^Am
kAmw6 FD6D E92E 2C8F>6?E >@C6 @7E6? H96? 96’D :?63C:2E65 E92? H96? 96’D ?@E] ~C H96? 96’D :? 2 >2?:4 A92D6 @7 9:D D6>:\5:28?@D65 3:A@=2C 5:D@C56C] %92EVD 3642FD6 3@E9 @7 E9@D6 :DDF6D — 9:D >6?E2= 962=E9 :DDF6 2?5^@C 9:D DF3DE2?46 23FD6 :DDF6 — A=2J 2 C@=6 :? AC@4=:G:EJ E@H2C5 G:@=6?46 @C E9C62E @7 G:@=6?46] (9J H@F=5 H6 :8?@C6 E92Enk^Am
kAmx? E96 4@?G6CD2E:@? H:E9 E96 G:4E:>[ E96 G:4E:> >:89E D2J[ 7@C :?DE2?46 2E E96 @E96C 6?5 @7 E92E DA64ECF>[ k6>mx H2?E 9:> :? ;2:= 7@C6G6C 2?5 x ?6G6C H2?E E@ D66 9:> 282:?k^6>m] %96C6 2C6 H2JD E92E J@F 42? ?6G6C D66 9:> 282:? E92E :?G@=G6 2== <:?5D @7 DEF77[ 3FE AC@323=J ?@E E9C@F89 E96 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 3642FD6 :E’D 2 r=2DD s 4C:>6 2?5 H6 42? 92G6 2? :>A24E 7@C EH@ J62CD @? AC@32E:@?[ ?@ >@C6 E92? E92E C682C5:?8 2 ?@\4@?E24E AC@G:D:@?] qFE H6 42? 5:C64E A6@A=6 9@H E@ 5@ E92E]k^Am
kAm#682C5:?8 E96 ;2:=[ E96 >2I ;2:= — bec 52JD[ 56A6?5:?8 @? E96 2DD2F=E — :E’D 9:89=J[ 9:89=J F?=:<6=J[ D@ :E’D 72C >@C6 =:<6=J E92E 2 ;F586 :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 >@C6 4@?D:DE6?E H:E9 @E96C 42D6D C682C5:?8 ;2:=] qFE H6 H@F=5 E2=< E@ E96 G:4E:> 23@FE EC62E>6?E 2D A2CE @7 E96 C6DF=E @7 E9:D 42D6[ 2?5 H6 2=D@ 92G6 E@ 255C6DD E96 DEC6?8E9 @7 E96 42D6[ E@ AC@G6 E96 42D6]k^Am
kAm(96? H6 E2=< 23@FE 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46[ x 5@?’E E9:?< H6 D9@F=5 36 E2=<:?8 :? E6C>D @7[ x’> 8@:?8 E@ 36 “E@F89 @? G:@=6?46]” (92E H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 :D 67764E:G6] x7 J@F’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 2 A6CD@? H9@’D 8@:?8 E@ 8@ E9C@F89 EC62E>6?E 2?5 92G6 ?@\4@?E24E AC@G:D:@?D[ :E 42? HC62< D@>6 5:77:4F=E E:>6D @? E92E A6CD@? E92E 2C6 72C 92C56C E92? D:EE:?8 :? ;2:= 2?5 42? 36 72C >@C6 67764E:G6 @G6C 2 A6C:@5 @7 E:>6 :? C65F4:?8 E96 C:D< @7 C64:5:G:D>[ C65F4:?8 E96 492?46 E92E E92E A6CD@? :D 8@??2 4@>6 324< 2?5 8@ 27E6C E96 G:4E:> @C D@>63@5J 6=D6 — E96 ?6IE 8:C=7C:6?5[ :? >J 6I2>A=6]k^Am
kAmx? 4@?G6CD2E:@?D H:E9 E96 G:4E:>[ H6 D9@F=5 36 E2=<:?8 23@FE E9@D6 E9:?8D] (6==[ H6 2AAC64:2E6 H92E J@F H2?E[ 96C6’D E96 C62=:EJ C682C5:?8 9@H >F49 ;2:= E:>6i bec 52JD :7 96 92D =:EE=6\E@\?@ 9:DE@CJ] %96C6 2C6 2== <:?5D @7 5:776C6?E 724E@CD]k^Am
kAm*@F’C6 DE:== 2AA=J:?8 E96 D2>6 32D:4 AC:?4:A=6iw@H 5@ H6 >2I:>:K6 E96 @55D E92E E9:D A6CD@? H@?’E C6@776?5n w@H 5@ H6 >2I:>:K6 E96 @55D @7 E96 AC@E64E:@? @7 E96 G:4E:> 2?5 E96 AC@E64E:@? @7 D@4:6EJnk^Am
kAmr92?86 E96 724ED 2 =:EE=6 3:E[ D@ ?@H H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 2 72C >@C6 5:77:4F=E @C 2H7F= 42D6i 2 8C@DD D6IF2= 2DD2F=E] {6E’D 42== :E 2 42>AFD D6IF2= 2DD2F=E] }@H J@F =@@< 2E E96 A6CD@? 2?5 :E’D A@DD:3=6 E92E A2CE @7 E96 2?2=JD:D :D E92E E9:D A6CD@? 92D D9@H? ?@ AC@4=:G:EJ E@H2C5 D6IF2= G:@=6?46 E@H2C5 2?@E96C A6CD@? 3FE H2D :?63C:2E65] *@F’5 92G6 E@ :?G6DE:82E6 E92E] ,%96C6 2C6. ADJ49 :DDF6D A6C92AD] (6’C6 ?@H =@@<:?8 2E E96 =6G6= @7 E96 :>A24E @? E96 G:4E:> 2D 36:?8 8C62E6C[ :? 5:776C6?E H2JD[ 2?5 E92E E96 C:D< :D 9:896C :7 H6 72:= @? C65F4:?8 E96 7FEFC6 4C:>:?2= 4@?5F4E ,3642FD6. E96 4@?5F4E :D D@ D6G6C6]k^Am
kAm}@E @?=J E92E[ E96 D6?E6?4:?8 AC@G:D:@?D C6BF:C6 FD E@ 4@?D:56C H92E >6DD286 :E D6?5D D@4:6EJ 23@FE =:<6\4@?5F4E] (9:49 :D ECF6 @7 6G6CJE9:?8] $@ 6IA64E2E:@? @? 2 8C@DD D6IF2= 2DD2F=E 42? 36[ =@@<[ J@F’C6 =@@<:?8 2E 2 D:8?:7:42?E D6?E6?46 @7 :>AC:D@?>6?E[ H9:49 E@ >6 E6==D 2== @7 E96 A6@A=6 @? E92E 42>AFD — 2?5 A6@A=6 364@>6 2H2C6 G6CJ BF:4<=J — E92E ,:7. J@F 6?8286 :? E9:D[ 96C6’D 2 =:<6=J C6DF=E] %C62E>6?E :D DE:== @? E96 E23=6 3FE =6DD D@ :? =:6F @7 AF?:D9>6?E] s:776C6?E 7C@> AFC6=J C65F4:?8 C64:5:G:D>[ H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE AF?:D9>6?E] %9:D :D 2== 4@>A=:42E65[ @3G:@FD=J]k^Am
kAm%96? J@F 492?86 E96 724ED 282:?] }@H[ :E’D ?@E 2 52E6 C2A6 @C 42>AFD C2A6j ?@H :E’D D@>63@5J H9@ 92D 6?82865 :? 2 8C@DD D6IF2= 2DD2F=E H:E9 2 49:=5 F?56C `a C6A62E65=J[ 2?5 E9:D A6CD@? <?@HD 6I24E=J H92E E96J’C6 5@:?8] %9:D 49:=5’D =:76 :D 2=E6C65 :>>62DFC23=J 7@C6G6C] p?5 H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 2 r=2DD p[ :E’D AF?:D923=6 FA E@ b_ J62CD[ H6 92G6 2 =@E E@ H@C< H:E9[ E96 2??@F?46>6?E E@ D@4:6EJ 2?5 E@ 6G6CJ@?6 :?G@=G65 :D E9:D A6CD@? :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 AF?:D965 AC6EEJ D6G6C6=J]k^Am
kAm(6 5@ H2?E[ H96? E9:D A6CD@? 86ED @FE — :7 E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE] *@F >:89E 92G6 2 42D6 H96C6 D@>6@?6 :D e_ J62CD @=5 2?5 E96J’C6 86EE:?8 2 a_ J62C D6?E6?46[ 3FE 2DDF>:?8 E96 A6CD@?’D 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE —k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m — >@DE A6@A=6 5@ 86E @FE 6G6?EF2==J —k^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i — E96 G2DE[ G2DE >2;@C:EJ @7 A6@A=6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 C6=62D65] p?5 :E’D @FC ;@3 E@ 282:? AC@E64E D@4:6EJ E96C627E6C] }@H[ E96 4FCC6?E DE2EFE6D 5@ AC@G:56[ :? 42D6D =:<6 x 56D4C:365 :?G@=G:?8 2 49:=5 F?56C `a[ 7@C 2 =:76E:>6 DFA6CG:D:@? — E96C6’D 2== <:?5D @7 E@@=D H6 92G6 E@ >2<6 A6@A=6 D276]k^Am
kAms@ H6 =@@< 2E E96 42FD6D 2?5 :?9:3:E:@?Dn *6D[ 3FE 3642FD6 @7 E96 ?2EFC6 @7 E96 :>A24E @? E96 G:4E:> 2?5^@C D@4:6EJ[ 8@:?8 7@CH2C5[ :E DE2CED E@ 364@>6 >@C6 2?5 >@C6 @FEH6:8965 3J C6>@G2= 7@C D@4:6EJ 2?5 92C56C 2DDFC2?46 E92E E96 A6CD@? :D ?@E 8@:?8 E@ C6@776?5]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m $@ :E’D =:<6 2 42D6 @7 2? :>>65:2E6 E9C62E[ @?8@:?8 E9C62Enk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i x>>65:2E6 E9C62E 2?5 D6G6C6 E9C62E] p A6CD@? 92D 2 =@?8 9:DE@CJ @7 >2<:?8 H92E 4@?DE:EFE6D E6CC@C:K:?8[ H9:49 :D 2 E9C62E :? E96 7FEFC6 — :7 J@F 5@ E9:D xV> 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E9:D E@ J@F — ?6G6C 7@==@HD FA[ 92D ?@ G:@=6?E 9:DE@CJ[ E92E’D 2 E9C62E]k^Am
kAmxE >:89E 6G6? 36 2? :>>65:2E6 E9C62E — 96’D 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E9:D 282:? 2?5 282:? 2?5 282:?] }@E E@ 36 4@?7FD65 H:E9 D@>6E9:?8 6=D6[ H96C6 E96C6’D 24EF2= A9JD:42= 92C> E@ D@>63@5J 2?5 E96C6’D D@ >2?J 5:776C6?E 724E@CD] *@F 92G6 E@ =@@< 2E 6249 42D6 :?5:G:5F2==J]k^Am
kAmp== @7 E96D6 42D6D[ A2CE @7 E96 2?2=JD:D :D[ k6>mH92E 2C6 @FC 492?46D @7 DF446DD 2E EC:2=nk^6>m *@F 92G6 E96 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6 H96C6 E96C6’D ?@ A9JD:42= D:8?D @7 :?;FCJ 4@CC@3@C2E:?8 E96 :?;FCJ[ 2?5 E96C6 2C6 ?@ :?56A6?56?E H:E?6DD6D[ 2?5 E96C6 2C6 ?@ 25>:DD:@?D] r=2DD:4 D96\D2:5\E9:D\92AA6?65[ 96\D2:5\:E\5:5?’E]k^Am
kAm(96? H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE A=62 32C82:?:?8[ 7@C D@>6 7@=<D E92E’D <:?5 @7 2 5:CEJ H@C5] !=62 32C82:?:?8 :D 3@E9 D:56D 2DD6DD:?8 E96 C:D< @7 EC:2= 2?5 E96 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J :D D2J:?8[ >J 4=:6?E :D D2J:?8 96 5:5?’E 5@ :E 3FE :7 96 86ED 4@?G:4E65 96’D 8@:?8 E@ 8@ E@ ;2:= 7@C DFC6[ AC@32E:@? 7@C 2 =@?8 A6C:@5 @7 E:>6[ E96C6’D 2== <:?5D @7 5:776C6?E E9:?8D[ 2?5 4@?G:4E65 @7 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46]k^Am
kAm%96 DE2E6 :D D2J:?8[ :7 H6 8@ E@ EC:2= 2?5 =@D6[ E92E 8FJ H2=<D @FE E96 5@@C FEE6C=J :?9:3:E65 3J 2?JE9:?8]k^Am
kAm$@ J@F 4@>6 E@ E9:D 28C66>6?Ei 2=C:89E[ x’== E2<6 E96 AC@32E:@? 3FE x’> ?@E E2<:?8 ;2:=] %96 G:4E:> H2?ED ;2:=[ >2J36] |2J36 ?@E] qFE E96:C A@D:E:@? :D ?@ ;2:=j @FC A@D:E:@? :D EH@ J62CD @7 AC@32E:@?[ ?@ 4@?E24E H:E9 96C] (92E H6’G6 5@?6 E96C6 :D H6 92G6 AC@E64E65 E96 G:4E:>[ H6’G6 6?DFC65 H6 92G6 D@>6 AC@E64E:@? @7 E96 G:4E:>[ 2?5 D@4:6EJ[ 2?5 A2CE @7 AC@32E:@? :D ?@ FD6 @7 E96 DF3DE2?46 7C@> E92E ?:89E[ 2?5 :7 H6 8@ E@ EC:2= 2?5 H6 92G6 2 `\:?\d 492?46 @7 H:??:?8 3642FD6 :E’D 96\D2:5\D96\D2:5[ 2?5 2== E96 5676?D6 2EE@C?6JD D2J[ 36J@?5 2 C62D@?23=6 5@F3E[ 5@ J@F <?@Hn H6’C6 E2<:?8 2? F?C62D@?23=6 C:D< H:E9 E96 D276EJ @7 E92E G:4E:> :7 H6 92G6 2 H2J E@ H:? 4@?46DD:@?D E92E :?4C62D6 E96 @55D @7 D276EJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x H2?E E@ 7@==@H FA @? J@FC 4@>>6?ED 23@FE G:4E:>D 2?5 D276EJ] x? a_`e[ E96C6 H2D 2 }2E:@?2= $FCG6J @? ':4E:>D ':6HD @7 $276EJ 2?5 yFDE:46[ H9:49 7@F?5 E92E ?@?G:@=6?E 2?5 G:@=6?E 4C:>6 DFCG:G@CD 36=:6G65 AC:D@? H2D >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 42FD6 2 A6CD@? E@ 4@>>:E 2?@E96C 4C:>6 :? E96 7FEFC6 E92? :E H2D E@ C6923:=:E2E6 E96>[ 3J 2 b\E@\` >2C8:?]k^9bm
k9bmq642FD6 >@DE A6@A=6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE @7 AC:D@? 2E D@>6 A@:?E[ 9@H 5@ H6 C64@?4:=6 E9:D H:E9 E96 FD6 @7 AC:D@?D 2D 2 E@@= 7@C AC@>@E:?8 AF3=:4 D276EJ 2?5 AC@G:5:?8 G:4E:>D H:E9 ;FDE:46nk^9bm
k9bm k^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i u:CDE @7 2==[ E96 b\E@\` C2E:@ @7 A6@A=6 D2J:?8 E96J 5@ ?@E 766= AC:D@? C6DF=ED :? 2 C65F4E:@? @7 C64:5:G:D> :D C62==J E6==:?8] q642FD6 J@F 42?’E 36 2 >@C6 :?7@C>65 A6CD@? 6>@E:@?2==J 23@FE E96D6 C62=:E:6D E92? D@>6@?6 H9@’D 24EF2==J 8@?6 E9C@F89 :E] %92E 7=:6D :? E96 7246 @7 E96 EC25:E:@?2= p>6C:42? E@F89\@?\4C:>6 E92E H6 8C6H FA H:E9] x’> d` J62CD @=5 2?5 2=>@DE 2== @7 >J =:76[ F?E:= C6=2E:G6=J C646?E=J[ A6@A=6 92G6 4@>6 E@ C62=:K6[ @9 H2:E[ H6 DF4< 2E C65F4:?8 4C:>6]k^Am
kAm(6 92G6 366? 5@:?8 E9:D HC@?8[ A9:=@D@A9:42==J[ 7@C6G6C] xE’D 4@>:?8 E@ E92E A@:?E] xE :D 2 C6>2C<23=6 >@>6?E H96? E9C66 @FE @7 7@FC G:4E:>D D2J Qx 5@?’E ECFDE E92E AC:D@? :D E96 2?DH6C]Qk^Am
kAmqFE E@ 36EE6C 562= H:E9 D@>6@?6 J@F C6>@G6 7C@> D@4:6EJ] $@[ D@>6@?6 H:E9 D6IF2= 2DD2F=E 282:?DE 2 49:=5 E92E x 56D4C:365] *@F’C6 =@@<:?8 2E 2 G6CJ =@?8 AC:D@? D6?E6?46] (92E H6 H@F=5 5@[ H92E H6 @F89E E@ 36 5@:?8[ :D :?G6DE:?8 :? EC62E>6?E H9:=6 :?42C46C2E65 2?5 :>>65:2E6=J 7@==@H:?8 :?42C46C2E:@?[ H9:49 H6 5@?’E 5@ 2 8@@5 ;@3 @7 ?@H]k^Am
kAm(6’G6 DE2CE65 H@C<:?8 :? E92E 5:C64E:@?[ 3FE H6 92G6 E@ 92G6 E96 A@=:E:42= H:== E@ 4@?G:?46 @FC =68:D=2EFC6 2?5 @FC 8@G6C?@C :? |2:?6[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ 2?5 F=E:>2E6=J @FC A6@A=6[ E92E :E’D >@?6J H6== DA6?E] %92E :E’D 2? :?G6DE>6?E[ :E’D 2? :?G6DE>6?E E92E A2JD @77 =2E6C] ~FC D64FC:EJ >2EE6CD @7 4@FCD6[ @FC D6?D6 @7 D64FC:EJ[ 2?5 :7 J@F 92G6 D6I @776?56CD H9@ 2C6 8@:?8 :?E@ :?42C46C2E:@? 2?5 C646:G:?8 EC62E>6?E H9:=6 E96C6 2?5 C646:G:?8 EC62E>6?E :>>65:2E6=J E96C627E6C[ H6 92G6 2 DEC@?86C D6?D6 @7 D64FC:EJ]k^Am
kAm}@H E92EVD 8@@5] qFE E9:?< @7 :E :? E6C>D @7 >@?6J] u@C E9@D6 H9@ E9:?< 2== H6 ?665 E@ 5@ — E96D6 2C6 ?@E G:4E:>D[ E96D6 2C6 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 ;FDE @FE E96C6[ E92E D2>6 E@F89\@?\4C:>6 >6?E2=:EJ — :7 H6 E2=< E@ E96> 23@FE 67764E:G6?6DD 2?5 23@FE 4@DE 677:4:6?4J[ x E9:?< H6 >2<6 2 36EE6C 2C8F>6?E E@ E9@D6 7@=<D] %9:D A6CD@? :D 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE[ E96J 86E 2 `_\J62C D6?E6?46[ 2?5 E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE :? 6:89E\2?5\2\92=7[ 2?5 H96? E96J 86E @FE 3642FD6 H6’G6 72:=65 E@ EC62E 2?5 72:=65 E@ D6E FA 2 G6CJ DEC@?8 EC2?D76C 7C@> AC:D@? =:76 :?E@ D@4:6EJ[ E96J’C6 72C >@C6 2AE E@ C6@776?5 E92? @E96CH:D6] p?5 E92E’D 8@:?8 E@ 4@DE FD >@?6E2C:=J :? 2 3F?49 @7 H2JD[ ?6G6C>:?5 E96 G:4E:> H9@’D E96 ?6IE G:4E:>]k^Am
kAm(6 92G6 E@ >2<6 E92E D2=6 E@ E96 A6@A=6 H9@ x H@F=5 DF886DE A@=:E:42==J E6?5 E@ 36 46?E6C\E@\C:89E] (6 92G6 E@ >2<6 :E H6==] xE :D E96 ;@3 @7 E96 5:DEC:4E 2EE@C?6J E@ 6?8286 :? E92E 4@?G6CD2E:@?[ E92E :D H92E >J A@D:E:@? H@F=5 36]k^Am
kAmxE :D ?@E E96 42D6 E92E E96C6’D 2 D@=FE:@? 2E 92?5] (9@6G6C E2<6D @G6C E9:D @77:46 @? y2?F2CJ ` 5@6D?’E 92G6 2 D@=FE:@? E@ E92E] (6 5@?’E 92G6 :E] (6 92G6 E@ H@C< E@H2C5D E92E] p?5 x E9:?< E92E :D F=E:>2E6=J 8@:?8 E@ 36 E96 H:??:?8 2C8F>6?E :? @FC =:76E:>6D[ x’> DFA6C 4@?7:56?E] p?5 E96 D2>6 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 C62==J 92C5 C:89E[ H9@ 2C6 E2=<:?8 =:<6 k6>mH6 ;FDE ?665 E@ A@F?5 E9@D6 A6@A=6[k^6>m 2=D@ H:== 23D@=FE6=J C6;64E FD =@@<:?8 2E @E96C 4@F?EC:6D 2?5 E96:C DF446DD6D[ 3642FD6 E92E’D “?@E p>6C:42]” %96J’C6 “?@E 6I46AE:@?2= =:<6 H6 2C6P” *@F’C6 ;FDE ?@E 8@:?8 E@ H:? E92E 2C8F>6?E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m ,u@C E96>. :E’D 2 A6CD@?2= C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ :DDF6[ 2D @AA@D65 E@ 2 4@==64E:G6 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ :DDF6]k^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i %92E’D 23D@=FE6=J ECF6 2?5 E92E’D H9J x E9:?< E@ H:? E92E 2C8F>6?E[ J@F 92G6 E@ =@@< 2E :E H:E9 AFC6 AC28>2E:D>] %6I2D `_\`a J62CD 28@ >256 E96 56E6C>:?2E:@? E92E 7@C 42E68@C:6D @7 5CF8 4C:>6D[ ?@?G:@=6?E 5CF8 4C:>6D[ E92E >2?52E@CJ >:?:>F> D6?E6?46D H6C6 2 C62==J 325 :562 3642FD6 :E H2D 4@DE:?8 E96> E@@ >F49 >@?6J 2?5 ?@E 86EE:?8 E96 C6DF=E E92E E96J H2?E65] (96? x E2=< E@ 8C@FAD[ x C6>:?5 E96>[ E9:D :D %6I2DP xE’D %6I2DP (6’C6 |2:?6P r@>6 @?Pk^Am
kAm%96J’C6 =@@<:?8 2E :E 7C@> E9:D 4@=5 A6CDA64E:G6 2?5 H6 ?665 E@ 5@ E92E[ E@@[ C682C5:?8 E96 AF==\J@FCD6=7\FA\3J\J@FC\3@@EDEC2AD >6?E2=:EJ] %96JVC6 =:<6[k6>mx 5@?’E 42C6 H92E J@FC 4:C4F>DE2?46D H6C6] *@F 5:5 :E[ J@F <?6H J@F’5 86E :? EC@F3=6 2?5 E@@ 325 7@C J@F]k^6>mk^Am
kAm}@P s@?’E =@@< 2E :E E92E H2J] {@@< 2E :E =:<6[ :D E92E A6CD@? =:<6=J E@ 9FCE J@F 282:?n p?5 :7 E96 2?DH6C :D J6D[ E96? 5@?’E 5@ :E E92E H2J] p?5 :7 E96 2?DH6C :D ?@[ E96? ;FDE E9:?< :? E6C>D @7 H92E’D 8@:?8 E@ <66A J@FC 72>:=J D276C] p?5 E96 H2J H6 <66A @FC 72>:=:6D D276C :D 3J :?G6DE:?8 :? D6CG:46D E@ 96=A >@G6 E92E A6CD@? 2H2J 7C@> E92E 24E:G:EJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x H2?E E@ <?@H H92E J@FC A@D:E:@? :D @? ;2:=:?8 4C:>6 H:E?6DD6D 2?5 G:4E:>D E@ @3E2:? E6DE:>@?J] s@ J@F E9:?< E92E’D 6E9:42= 2?5 E92E :E’D 2 E@@= :? J@FC E@@=3@I[ @C 2C6 J@F 282:?DE :Enk^9bm
k9bm k^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i ~<2J[ =:<6[ 2 A6CD@? :D 492C865 H:E9 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 2?5 E96 G:4E:> D2JD[ 96 9:E >6[ E92E’D H9J x 92G6 E9:D D9:?6C] !=62D6 2CC6DE 9:> C:89E ?@H[ 2?5 E96J 5@] %96? EH@ >@?E9D =2E6C[ @9[ x 24EF2==J 76== 5@H? E96 DE2:CD[ x’> C642?E:?8[ @C x’> ?@E 8@:?8 E@ C642?E 3FE x’> ?@E 8@:?8 E@ >2<6 >JD6=7 2G2:=23=6 7@C EC:2=]k^Am
kAm%96C6 92G6 366? :?DE2?46D H96C6 AC@D64FE@CD 92G6 564:565[ E@ 6?DFC6 E92E A6CD@? :D 2G2:=23=6 E@ E6DE:7J 282:?DE E9:D A6CD@?[ x’> 8@:?8 E@ :?42C46C2E6 E92E A6CD@?]k^Am
kAmu@C >6[ E96 7:CDE BF6DE:@? :? E9@D6 42D6D :D AC@E64E:@? @7 E96 G:4E:> 2?5 G:4E:> :?AFE] *@F 5@?’E 5@ H92E J@F ;FDE 56D4C:365[ J@F ;FDE 5@?’E 5@ E92E] *@F 92G6 E@ <66A E96 3:8 A:4EFC6 :? >:?5] p?5 x F?56CDE2?5[ x E9:?< E92E H2D 3@C? @FE @7[ 7@C D@>6 AC@D64FE@CD H9@ H6?E :? E92E 5:C64E:@?[ E96J E9@F89E A9:=@D@A9:42==J[ (k6>m6==[ @G6C2== x 2> <66A:?8 E92E G:4E:> D276C 3642FD6 H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E 2 4@?G:4E:@? 2?5 H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E E9:?8D E92E H6 ?665 7@C 2== @7 D@4:6EJ E9:D :D 36EE6C]k^6>mk^Am
kAmx F?56CDE2?5 E92E[ 3FE J@F 5@ DF49 92C> E@ E92E G:4E:>] *@F C6\G:4E:>:K6 E96 G:4E:>[ 2?5 J@F 56=68:E:>:K6 J@FC @77:46 H96? J@F’C6 E9C62E6?:?8 E96 A@AF=2E:@? @7 G:4E:>D 2?5 H:E?6DD6D H:E9 :?42C46C2E:@? :7 E96J 492?86 E96:C >:?5 2?5 J@F’C6 :?9:3:E:?8 E96> 7C@> E6==:?8 E96 ECFE9 E@ A@=:46 :? E96 7:CDE A=246 3642FD6 E96J E9:?<[ H2:E[ 367@C6 x 5@ E9:D[ x 962C 23@FE D@>63@5J H9@ 8@E E9C@H? :? ;2:= 3642FD6 E96J E96? =2E6C D2:5 E96J 5:5?’E =:<6 E96 5:C64E:@? :E H2D 8@:?8 :? — 2== @7 E9@D6 E9:?8D H@C< 282:?DE H92E H6 H2?E F=E:>2E6=J]k^Am
kAm$@ ?@] u@C >6[ :E’D ?@E 2 E@@= :? E96 E@@=3@I[ @C :E’D 2 C62==J 325 E@@= — 2 E@@= H6 7:8FC65 @FE 2 =@?8 E:>6 28@ :D 52?86C@FD]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@FC A@D:E:@? @? 42D9 32:= :D E92E J@F DFAA@CE 6?5:?8 :E 7@C ?@?G:@=6?E =@H\=6G6= @776?D6D 3FE J@F H2?E E@ AC6D6CG6 :E :? 9:89 2>@F?ED 7@C >@C6 D6C:@FD @776?D6D] r2? J@F 6IA=2:? E92E A@D:E:@? 2 =:EE=6 3:E >@C6[ A2CE:4F=2C=J 8:G6? E92E E96 C62D@? H9J J@F 5@?’E DFAA@CE :E 7@C =@H =6G6= @776?D6D :D 3642FD6 :E E2C86ED A6@A=6 @? E96 32D:D @7 E96:C H62=E9[ 2?5 :D E92E ?@E DE:== E96 42D6 7@C 9:89\=6G6= @776?D6Dnk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i (6==[ :? A2CE] {6E’D E2=< 23@FE E96 @?6 E9:?8 2E =62DE E96 s6>@4C2ED 42? 28C66 FA@?i D@ 2 A6CD@? :D 492C865 H:E9 ) ?@?G:@=6?E @776?D6 2?5 E96 32:= 4@>>:DD:@?6CD D6E 32:= 2E Sb__ 2?5 ?@H E96J’C6 367@C6 E96 4@FCE 92G:?8 D2E :? ;2:= 2== H66<6?5] x E9:?< 2== @7 E96 56>@4C2ED H@F=5 D2J[ Q~<2J[ H92E J@F 5@?’E 5@ :D J@F 5@?’E 2D< 7@C 42D9 32:= 3642FD6 E92E A6CD@? :D 8@:?8 E@ D:E :? ;2:= 2D 2 C6DF=E]Q %92E @F89E ?@E 6G6C 36 @FC :?E6?E:@?] xE :D?’E 7@C E96 E9C66 @7 FD[ E92E’D ?@ BF6DE:@?]k^Am
kAmt=:>:?2E:?8 42D9 32:= 2=E@86E96C >62?D J@F’C6 5@:?8 2E =62DE @?6 @7 EH@ E9:?8Di 6:E96C J@F’C6 C6=62D:?8 2 A6CD@? H:E9 4@?5:E:@?D H:E9@FE 2?J 42D9[ @C J@F’C6 ?@E C6=62D:?8 E96> 2E 2==] $@ J@F D2J[ H6==[ H92E E96 2==682E:@? D2JD 2?5 H92E E96 6G:56?46 DEC@?8=J DFAA@CED :D E92E E9:D A6CD@? 2EE24<65 2?@E96C A6CD@? H:E9 2 4=F3] p?5 :E’D 2? 6=6G2E65 288C2G2E65 2DD2F=E[ r=2DD p]k^Am
kAm(6 42? D2J[ E92E’D 62DJ[ 36EH66? E96 EH@ 49@:46D[ ?@ 42D9 32:=] %96 6?5] #:89En p?5 J@F >2<6 E96 2C8F>6?E 2?5 J@F H:? E96 2C8F>6?E 2?5 E96 ;F586 D6ED ?@ 42D9 32:= 2?5 E96J D:E]k^Am
kAm#2E496E :E 5@H?] %92E A6CD@? E9C6H 2 A=2E6 2E 2?@E96C A6CD@? 2?5 42FD65 :?;FCJ] xE’D 2? 288C2G2E65 2DD2F=E[ ?@E 2? 6=6G2E65 288C2G2E65 2DD2F=E[ 2?5 E96C6 2C6 2== <:?5D @7 5:776C6?E 724E@CD] !6CD@? =@@<D =:<6 E96J’C6 AC6EEJ 42A23=6 @7 G:@=6?46[ E96J 92G6 D@>6 9:DE@CJ] pC6 H6 9@=5:?8 E92E A6CD@? H:E9@FE 2?J 32:= @C 2C6 H6 C6=62D:?8 E96>n xE DE2CED E@ 86E 4=@D6C] p?5 2D H6 86E 4=@D6C 5@H?[ :7 H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ DE2CE C6=62D:?8 7@=<D H:E9@FE 2?J >@?6E2CJ :?46?E:G6 E@ 6?DFC6 E92E E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ DE2J H:E9:? E96 4@FCE DJDE6> 2?5 E96J’C6 8@:?8 E@ 23:56 3J CF=6D[ :7 H6 5@?’E 92G6 A@H6C7F= A2:5\7@C E@@=D E@ 6?DFC6 E96:C 4@>A=:2?46[ E92? x H@F=5 C2E96C 92G6 H92E H6 92G6 C:89E ?@H]k^Am
kAmpD H6 <66A 8@:?8 5@H?[ A6CD@? D66>D ?@E @3G:@FD=J 52?86C@FD] }6G6C>:?5 2 >FC56C6C[ H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE D@>63@5J H9@’D 5@?6 D@>6 9@CC:3=6 E9:?8 2?5 F?56C @FC 42D9\32:= DJDE6> E96J’5 36 2 C62= 4=62C 9@=5\H:E9@FE] (6==[ H92E E92E :D E@52J :D Sa__[___ 42D9 @C H92E6G6C]k^Am
kAmx7 H6 925 $FA6C |2:?6 !C6EC:2= $6CG:46D[ H96C6 E96C6 2C6 2== E96D6 5:776C6?E H2JD H96C6 H6’C6 @? E@A @7 J@F 2E 2== E:>6D E@ 6?DFC6 ,J@F 4@>A=J H:E9 J@FC E6C>D @7 C6=62D6.] $9@CE @7 E92E[ x 5@?’E 766= E92E :7 H6 2C6 C6=62D:?8 E92E A6CD@? H:E9@FE 2 42D9 :?46?E:G6[ x 5@?’E E9:?< H6’C6 <66A:?8 A6@A=6 2D D276 2D H6 4@F=5]k^Am
kAmx? 2? :562= H@C=5[ H6’5 8@ 42D9=6DD 2?5 2==\@C\?@E9:?8 H:E9 2 G6CJ A@H6C7F= DJDE6> :? A=246] (6’C6 ?@E 6G6? 4=@D6 E@ 92G:?8 E92E DJDE6>] %92E’D >J :562= 3FE H6’C6 ?@E E96C6 2?5 ?@E 2?JE:>6 D@@?]k^Am
kAm(96? }6H y6CD6J H6?E :? E92E 5:C64E:@?[ E96 @C:8:?2= C6DA@?D6 H2D[ J2J[ =@ED @7 A6@A=6 2C6 @FE @7 ;2:=] p?5 E96?[ @9[ ?@H H6 42?’E 7F?5 E96 D6CG:46D H6 92G6 :? A=246 2?5 E96J’C6 ?@E A@H6C7F= 6?@F89 2?5 J@F DE2CE E@ 92G6 :?DE2?46D H96C6 D@>63@5J :D C6=62D65 2?5 E96? 8@6D 2?5 <:==D D@>63@5J] %92E :D 6I24E=J H92E H6 5@?’E H2?E]k^Am
kAm!9:=@D@A9:42==J x 42? 28C66 H:E9 E92E[ :7 H6 92G6 C62= 4=2C:EJ E92E C62= D276EJ :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 36EE6C AC@>@E65 H9:=6 6=:>:?2E:?8 E96 :?6BF:EJ :? E96 32:= DJDE6>]k^Am
k9bm%96 !9@6?:Ii x7 J@F H6C6 6=64E65[ H@F=5 J@FC @77:46 4C62E6 2 r@?G:4E:@? x?E68C:EJ &?:E E@ C6G:6H 2?5 C6>65J HC@?87F= AC@D64FE:@?nk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i ~3G:@FD=J[ E96 ,p?E9@?J. $2?3@C? 42D6 :D E96 A@DE6C 49:=5 7@C 9@H E92E H@F=5 92G6 2?5 4@F=5 92G6 2?5 @F89E E@ 92G6[ :? >J G:6H[ DE@AA65 E92E AC@D64FE:@? 2 =@?8 =@?8 E:>6 28@]k^Am
kAmx H@F=5 36 2E @55D H:E9 >J 7C:6?5D :? E96 ,pEE@C?6J v6?6C2=’D. @77:46 23@FE E92E] qFE 7C@> 6G6CJE9:?8 E92E x 4@F=5 D66[ p?E9@?J $2?3@C? 324< E96?[ :7 E96 :?7@C>2E:@? 925 366? 8:G6? E@ E96 5676?D6]]] 2?5 6G6? :? E92E D:EF2E:@? E96C6’D 2 G6CJ 9:89 =:<6=:9@@5 E96C6 H@F=5 92G6 366? 2 4@?G:4E:@? :? E96 7:CDE A=246]k^Am
kAmx7 x 4@F=5 8@ 324< :? E:>6[ x H@F=5 23D@=FE6=J — @FC ;@3 :D E@ 5@ H92E’D C:89E] $@ :?E68C:EJ :? 2?5 @7 :ED6=7[ E92E H@C5 >62?D E92E J@F 2C6 AC@>@E:?8 E96 ECFE9] %96C6 :D ?@ A=246 7@C 4@>A6E:E:G6?6DD @C G:?5:4E:G6?6DD :? AC@D64FE:@?] xE 92D E@ 36 4=62C 2D 2 36==[ ,2?. FEE6C D62C49 7@C ECFE9]k^Am
kAmp?5 :? D@ 5@:?8 E92E[ H6 DE2CE E@ E2=< 23@FE 5:D4@G6CJ :DDF6D[ 2?5 A=2J:?8 3J E96 CF=6D 2?5 5@:?8 H92E’D C:89E] ~7 4@FCD6[ x H@F=5 DFAA@CE 2 F?:E] x 5@?’E <?@H H92E E96 3F586E D:EF2E:@? H@F=5 36 H:E9 E92E] x7 H6 4@F=5 AC@4FC6 E96 7F?5D[ 46CE2:?=J]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< J@F >:89E 962C 7C@> E96 7@=<D 2E E96 sp’D @77:46 ?@H D2J[ H6 5@?’E 92G6 2 ?665 7@C E92E 3642FD6 H6 2=C625J A=2J 3J E96 CF=6D] x H:== D2J[ :? >J 562=:?8D H:E9 E96 rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ sp’D @77:46[ x 28C66] %96J 5@ A=2J 3J E96 CF=6D] %96J’C6 G6CJ 8@@5 @? 5:D4@G6CJ :DDF6D 2?5 E96J’C6 2=D@ G6CJ 8@@5 23@FE C64@8?:K:?8 H62<?6DD6D :? E96:C 42D6 H96? E96J’C6 D9@H? E96:C H62<?6DD6D]k^Am
kAmx 42? F?56CDE2?5 :E’D 2=>@DE 2? 2EE24< @? J@FC @H? :?E68C:EJ E@ D2J H6 ?665 2? :?E68C:EJ F?:E] qFE 7@C 2 ?F>36C @7 C62D@?D — @?6[ E@ 6?DFC6 H6’C6 5@:?8 E96 36DE E92E H6 42? A@DD:3=J :? 4FCC6?E 2?5 AC6G:@FD 4@?G:4E:@?D 2?5 6?DFC:?8 H6 5@?’E HC@?87F==J 4@?G:4E A6@A=6] p?5 EH@[ D6?5:?8 2 >6DD286 E@ @FC A6@A=6 E92E H6 D6CG6[ H92E H6 42C6 23@FE :D 5@:?8 :E C:89E E96 7:CDE E:>6 2?5 :7 H6 5:5 :E HC@?8[ H6 H2?E E@ 7:8FC6 :E @FE 2?5 C:89E :E] ~7 4@FCD6]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m q642FD6 E96 sp’D @77:46 :D D@ A@H6C7F=[ 2?5 3642FD6 E96C6 C62==J :D ?@ @G6CD:89E @7 E96 @77:46[ :D E96C6 2?JE9:?8 6=D6 J@F 92G6 :? >:?5 E@ :>A=6>6?En q642FD6 x <?@H J@F’G6 6IAC6DD65 2 56D:C6 7@C >@C6 F?:7@C>:EJ :? AC@D64FE:@?D :? E96 @77:46[ D@ x’> ;FDE 4FC:@FD[ @? 2 A@=:4J =6G6=[ H92E H@F=5 J@F 5@ E@ 6?DFC6 E92E :?E68C:EJ :? 23D6?46 @7 2? :?56A6?56?E @G6CD:89E 3@5Jnk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i x <?@H 6G6CJ AC@D64FE@C H6== E96C6] x E9:?< E92E D@>6 2C6 23D@=FE6=J FEE6C=J @?3@2C5 H:E9 6G6CJE9:?8 x H2?E E@ 5@ E96C6[ x <?@H E92E] p?5 x 2=D@ <?@H E92E @?6 :D 2? @AA@?6?E[ D@ 96’D @3G:@FD=J AC@>@E:?8 D@>6E9:?8 G6CJ 5:776C6?E 7C@> H92E x’> 56D4C:3:?8]k^Am
kAmqFE H92E x A=2? E@ 5@ :? 6G6CJE9:?8 x’G6 56D4C:365 ,:? 7@CF>D 2?5 BF6DE:@??2:C6D. :D AC@>@E:?8 E92E :?E68C:EJ 2?5 :D AC@>@E:?8 EC62E:?8 5676?52?ED 7C@> E96 A6CDA64E:G6 @7 H92E’D 8@:?8 E@ C65F46 4C:>:?2= 3692G:@C —F=E:>2E6=J H92E’D 8@@5 7@C E96 5676?D6]k^Am
kAm%92E D2:5[ :7 J@F 92G6 D@>63@5J H9@ 92D 366? 492C865 H:E9 ) 4C:>6 2?5 J@F =@@< 2E E96 6G:56?46[ ,H92EVD. A@D:E:G6 7@C E96 DE2E6 2?5 H@C<:?8 282:?DE E96 DE2E6[ 2?5 :E’D 2 4=@D6 42==[ F=E:>2E6=J E96 sp :D C6DA@?D:3=6 7@C E92E] xE H@F=5 36 2? @?8@:?8 5:D4FDD:@? H:E9 6249 2?5 6G6CJ AC@D64FE@C H96? E96J 4@>6 E@ 42D6D =:<6 E92E[ H9:49 2C6?’E BF:E6 2D 4@>>@? 2D J@F >:89E E9:?<[ 3FE E96J 5@ 4@>6 FA]k^Am
kAm|J A@D:E:@? :D[ E96 C:D< @7 HC@?87F= 4@?G:4E:@? :D 2=H2JD E96C6] x7 J@F E9:?< E92E J@F[ 2D 2 AC@D64FE@C[ 92G6 2 G6CJ D>2== 492?46 @7 H:??:?8[ E96C6’D 2 C62D@?[ J@F <?@Hn %96C6’D =@ED @7 6G:56?46 E92E 8@6D 282:?DE J@F] %92E >:89E D@F?5 ?2:G6 E@ =@ED @7 AC@D64FE@CD 3FE :E’D ?@E]k^Am
kAmx’G6 5@?6 E9:D 7@C 2 C62==J =@?8 E:>6 2?5 J@F 92G6 E@ E2<6 E92E :?E@ 244@F?E] x’G6 962C5 E96 A9C2D6[ H6==[ H6 ;FDE 8@E E@ =6E E96 ;FCJ 564:56 @? E9:D 6G6? E9@F89 x 92G6 2 G6CJ D=:> 492?46 @7 H:??:?8 E9:D 42D6 2D 2 AC@D64FE@C] %92E’D 2 G6CJ 325 2?2=JD:D]k^Am
kAm~?6 3:E @7 @G6CD:89E :D[ J@F <?@H E96C6’D ?@ @G6CD:89E A6C D6 — E96 pv’D @77:46 :D?’E :?G6DE:82E:?8 E96 sp’D @77:46D — 3FE E96 ;F5:4:2CJ 92D E96 7:?86C @? E96 AF=D6 2E 2== E:>6D] &?56C E96 4FCC6?E DJDE6>[ J@F >FDE 92G6 2 492>36CD 4@?76C6?46 H:E9 2 ;F586 :7 J@F’C6 ?@E :? 28C66>6?E 23@FE H92E J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ 5@]k^Am
kAmq67@C6 J@F 8@ E@ EC:2=[ ,J@F D2J. =@@<[ H6’G6 8@E D@>6 :DDF6D 96C6 E92E AFE 2 D6C:@FD 56?E :?E@ E96 DE2E6VD 42D6 2?5 E96J 5@?’E D66> E@ 36 =:DE6?:?8] %96J D66> E@ 36 D2J:?8[ @9[ E@@ 325 :E’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 2 EC:2=]k^Am
kAm$@ E96J D2J[ 2=C:89E[ =6E’D 5@ 2 492>36CD 4@?76C6?46] }@H[ E96 AC@D64FE@CD 2E E96 rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ sp’D @77:46[ D@>6 H:== 6?5 FA H:E9 D:I 4@?76C6?46D 2 52J 2?5 D@>6 H:== 92G6 @?6 :? 2 H66<] p?5 E92E’D E96 F?:7@C>:EJ x E2=< 23@FE] x H2?E E@ 3C:?8 E96 F?:7@C>:EJ :? E96 2AAC@249 E92E’D 2? :>A@CE2?E A2CE @7 =2J:?8 @FE E9:D :D H92E x H2?E E@ 5@ 2?5 x ?665 4@?DE2?E 4@>>F?:42E:@? H:E9 J@F E@ 6?DFC6 H6’C6 2== @? E96 D2>6 A286]k^Am
kAmqFE 2=D@ H96? J@F’C6 8@:?8 :?E@ 492>36CD H:E9 E96 ;F586 2?5 J@F 92G6 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J H9@’D 8@:?8 E@ D2J[ =@@<[ 96C6 2C6 E96 AC@3=6>D[ E96 ;F586 =@@<D 2E E96 AC@D64FE@C 2?5 ;F586D <?@H H9@’D H9@[ E96J <?@H H96C6 E9@D6 =62?:?8D 2C6[ 2?5 :E 5:=FE6D 7C@> E96 67764E:G6?6DD @7 E96 @77:46 3642FD6 ;F586D DE2CE E@ 2DDF>6 E96 H@CDE @7 AC@D64FE@CD C2E96C E92? 2DDF>:?8 E92E E96J’C6 H@C<:?8 :? 8@@5 72:E9] %92E C62==J >2EE6CD] x <?@H[ x’G6 925 4@?G6CD2E:@?D H:E9 ;F586D 23@FE E9:D G6CJ :DDF6]k^Am
kAmxE’D ?@E :? 2? @77:4:2= 42A24:EJ[ 7@C :?DE2?46 2 ;F586 5@6D?’E 8C256 2 sp’D @77:46[ 3FE 52J :? 2?5 52J @FE H6 92G6 AC6EEJ >F49 E96 D2>6 ;F586D E92E H6 562= H:E9 2?5 E9@D6 492>36CD 4@?76C6?46D] *@F =2J @FE E96 724ED[ J@F =2J @FE E96 4C:>:?2= 9:DE@CJ[ J@F =2J @FE E96 A=62 @776CD 2?5 5:D4FDD:@? 23@FE :E 2?5 J@F D2J[ E9:D :D H9J H6 92G6?’E 4@>6 E@ 2? 28C66>6?E]k^Am
kAm%96C6 2C6 42D6D H96C6 J@F 8@ E@ EC:2=[ H96C6 H6 28C66 E@ 5:D28C66[ 2?5 ;F586D :? E92E D:EF2E:@?[ J@F <?@H J@F 42? 4@>6 :? ,2?5 DA62<. E@ 2 ;F586 2?5 J@F 42? D2J[ E9:D :D @?6 H6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 2 EC:2=] x 92G6 DEF77] w6 92D DEF77] p?5 9:D >@E:G2E:@? :D E9:D 2?5 >J >@E:G2E:@? :D E9:D 2?5 :E’D 2 EC:2=] s@6D?’E 92AA6? E92E @7E6? 3FE :E 92AA6?D] p?5 J@F 92G6 D@>6 5676?D6 2EE@C?6JD E92E 2C6 H2J >@C6 288C6DD:G6 2?5 2C6 H:==:?8 E@ AFE E96:C 4=:6?ED 2E C:D< :? H2JD E92E x E9:?< :D HC@?8 3FE E9@D6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 36 EC:2=D]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@F H@C<65 2D =625 5676?D6 4@F?D6= @? E96 q=24< {:G6D |2EE6C 42D6 96C6 :? !@CE=2?5 :? a_`e] x’5 =:<6 E@ 962C J@FC E9@F89ED @? E96 =6G6= @7 5:DECFDE E92E E96 AC@E6DE@CD 925 H:E9 =2H 6?7@C46>6?E 2?5 E96 sp’D @77:46[ 2?5 H92E J@F H@F=5 92G6 5@?6 5:776C6?E=J 925 J@F 366? E96 AC@D64FE@C :? E92E 42D6]k^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i }F>36C @?6[ E96 A@=:46 3C@F89E A2CE:4F=2C 492C86D E@ E96 sp’D @77:46[ E96J H6C6 2== @3DECF4E:?8 2 AF3=:4 H2J :7 x C6>6>36C 4@CC64E=J] p?5 E96? E96 sp’D @77:46 25565 492C86D] $@[ E96 =6G6= @7 5:DECFDE DE2CE65 E92E >:?FE6 H96? 5676?52?ED 7@F?5 @FE[ H2:E[ x 92G6 EH@ @C E9C66 492C86D[ x E9@F89E x H2D 492C865 H:E9 @?6]k^Am
kAm%96 A@=:46 56A2CE>6?E D6E E96 492C86D 2E ) 2?5 E96? E96J H6C6 )Z* 2?5 +] s@?’E 5@ E92E F?=6DD :E’D E96 42D6 E92E E96 A@=:46 D:>A=J >:DD65 H92E @F89E E@ 92G6 366? 492C865] x’> ?@E D2J:?8 J@F 2=H2JD 28C66 H:E9 A@=:46 3FE x’> D2J:?8[ :? E92E A2CE:4F=2C D:EF2E:@?[ x H@F=5?’E 92G6 25565 492C86D 3642FD6 :E 76=E E@ 6G6CJ@?6 =:<6 :E H2D =6G6C28:?8] p?5 E@ 2 568C66 :E H2D[ :? >J G:6H]k^Am
kAm%H@[ x E9:?< E96 D6BF6?46 @7 6G6?ED :D G6CJ A2CE:4F=2C] %96 AC@E6DE 2E E96 G6CJ 6?5 4@F=5 92G6 364@>6 2 52?86C E@ E96 AC@E6DE6CD 2?5 E@ @E96CD] p?5 E92E’D H96? E96 A@=:46 :?E6CG6?65] $@ E96C6 H6C6 AC@E6DE6CD E92E ?:89E H9@ :?E6?565 E@ 86E 2CC6DE65 2== 2=@?8 2?5 E9@F89E E96J’5 AC@323=J 36 2CC6DE65 H2J 62C=:6C E92? E96J H6C6] p?5 E96C6 H6C6 AC@E6DE6CD H9@ 925 23D@=FE6=J ?@ :?E6?E:@? @7 36:?8 2CC6DE65 7@C G6CJ @3G:@FD C62D@?D[ 3642FD6 2 4C:>:?2= 4@?G:4E:@? >62?E 2 =@E >@C6 E@ E96>]k^Am
kAm(92E 92AA6?65 H2D E96C6 H2D 2 >@>6?E H96? A6@A=6 DE2CE65 86EE:?8 2CC6DE65 H9@ H6C6 @? E92E D:56 E96J 5:5?’E :?E6?5 E@[ H9:49 4C62E65 2 8C@FA @7 2== AC@E6DE6CD ,H9@ 925 2. =:<6[ H6’C6\2==\:?\E9:D\E@86E96C DEC2E68J[ 2?5 E92E’D 4@>A=6E6=J F?56CDE2?523=6] $@ 2D sp[ FA@? =62C?:?8 E92E[ x E9:?< :E H@F=5 92G6 369@@G65 6G6CJ@?6 E@ 24<?@H=6586 E92E E9:D H2D 2? 6IAC6DD:@? @7 A62467F= AC@E6DE 2?5 A2CD6 @FE E9@D6 7@=<D H9@ 5:5?’E H2?E E@ 36 4@?G:4E65 2?5 ?68@E:2E6 @? E9@D6 E6C>D] %92E C62==J H2D?’E 5@?6] %96 A@D:E:@? @7 E96 sp’D @77:46 7C@> E96 368:??:?8 H2D 6G6CJ3@5J :D 86EE:?8 2 4@?G:4E:@?[ H9:49 282:? 4C62E65[ x E9@F89E[ 2? 25G6CD2C:2= A@D:E:@? E92E H2D F??646DD2CJ]k^Am
kAm%96?[ H96? E96 ?@E:@? @7 C6D@=G:?8 E9:D H:E9@FE 4@?G:4E:@?D 2?5 H:E9 2 C6DE@C2E:G6 ;FDE:46 A=2? H2D C2:D65[ H:E9:? E96 sp’D @77:46 E92E D9@F=5 92G6 366? 2446AE65 C:89E 2H2J] xE H2D?’E] xE H2D C6;64E65 2?5 E96? 2446AE65 27E6C 2 D6EE=6>6?E 4@?76C6?46 E92E H6 C6BF6DE65 2?5 8@E] p?5 E96 ;F586 28C665 E92E H2D 2 8@@5 :562 2?5 E96 sp’D @77:46 6G6?EF2==J 28C665]k^Am
kAm%96?[ ,2E. E96 C6DE@C2E:G6 ;FDE:46 4:C4=6 E92E H2D A=2??65[ E96 DE2E6 H2?E65 E@ 36 AC6D6?E H:E9 2 =2HJ6C E96C6] ~FC A@D:E:@? 2D 4@F?D6= H2D E92E H6 5:5?’E H2?E E@ 36 E96C6j H6 H2?E65 :E E@ 36 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ 7@C E96 AC@E6DE6CD 2?5 E96 A@=:46 E@ 92G6 2 4@?G6CD2E:@? 2?5 6?8286 :? 2 C6DE@C2E:G6 ;FDE:46 4:C4=6 H:E9@FE E96 AC6D6?46 @7 =2HJ6CD 3642FD6 H6 76=E E92E C2E496E65 FA 2?I:6EJ 2?5 4C62E65 2 D:EF2E:@? H96C6 A6@A=6 H6C6 C6=J:?8 @? =2HJ6CD E@ AC@E64E E96>[ H9:49 ?646DD2C:=J :D 4@?EC2CJ E@ E96 A=2?] %96 4@?G6CD2E:@? E92E x 925 H:E9 E96 sp’D @77:46 H2D[ =6E’D ?@E 5@ E92E[ E92E’D 2 325 :562[ 2?5 E92E H2D D@>6E9:?8 E92E H2D 7:C> @? 3692=7 @7 E96 sp’D @77:46] x H@F=5 ?@E 92G6 5@?6 E92E] x H@F=5 92G6 2==@H65 2== E96 A2CE:6D :?G@=G65 E@ D:E 5@H? E@86E96C H:E9 2 >65:2E@C 2?5 D@>6 @3D6CG6CD]k^Am
kAm%96? E96C6’D 2? @3D6CG6C :DDF6] %96 @3D6CG6CD E92E H6C6 C64@>>6?565 3J E96 sp’D @77:46 H6C6 A6@A=6 E92E >256 2 =@E @7 D6?D6 E@ 36 @3D6CG6CD — 24EF2==J[ E@ E96 36?67:E @7 E96 AC@E6DE@CD] qFE 3642FD6 :E H2D :>A@D65 H:E9@FE 5:D4FDD:@?[ :E 76=E 2D :7 :E H2D 7C@> A@H6C 2?5 36:?8 D9@G65 5@H? E96:C E9C@2ED] &?56CDE2?523=J[ E96J C624E65 E@ E92E[ E96 AC@E6DE6CD 5:5]k^Am
kAm%96?[ DA=:EE:?8 E96 AC@E6DE6CD :?E@ EH@ A2CED H2D :>A@D65 3J E96 sp’D @77:46] xEVD ECF6 E92E H96? J@F 6?8286 :? 2 7:=:?8 E92E E96 sp’D @77:46 42? D2J[ =@@<[ E9:D :D E96 H2J H6 H2?E E@ 5@ E9:D[ 3FE J@F D9@F=5 ?68@E:2E6 E92E] (6 4@F=5 92G6 ?68@E:2E65 E92E DEF77] &=E:>2E6=J H6 5:5 ,@?. E96 52J @7 E96 4:C4=6 2?5 8@E E@ 2 A@:?E H96C6 6G6CJ AC@E6DE6C H2D C625J E@ 6?8286] p?5 6G6? 2E E92E A@:?E[ E96 sp’D @77:46 D2:5 ?@]k^Am
kAmx H:== D2J E92E E96C6 2C6 7@=<D :? E96 sp’D @77:46 H9@ 6?82865 :? E96 H9@=6 AC@46DD H9@ 567:?:E6=J =62C?65 7C@> :E[ ?@ BF6DE:@?] p?5 x E9:?< E96 H9@=6 E9:?8 4@F=5 92G6 366? 567FD65 :? 2 3F?49 @7 5:776C6?E DE6AD] x =@G65 E96 :562 @7 E96 C6DE@C2E:G6 ;FDE:46 4:C4=6 3642FD6 E96 AC@E6DE6CD H2?E65 E96:C 492?46 E@ D2J H92E E96J H2?E E@ D2J 2?5 E9:D AC@G:565 E96> H:E9 E92E] qFE x 2=D@ <?@H E92E E96 !@CE=2?5 !@=:46 H2?E65 E@ =6E E96 AC@E6DE6CD <?@H E9:D :D E96 A@D:E:@? H6 H6C6 AFE :? E92E 52J 3642FD6 H6 5:5?’E 92G6 ?@E:46 @7 E96 AC@E6DE 2?5 :E’D 2 $2EFC52J ?:89E :? yF=J :? E96 ~=5 !@CE[ H96C6 :E’D 8@:?8 E@ 8@ 7@C EH@\2?5\2\92=7 9@FCD] (6 5:5?’E <?@H E96 5FC2E:@? 2?5 E96? :E’D `` 2E ?:89E 2?5 A6@A=6 2C6 A@FC:?8 @FE @7 32CD 92G:?8 925 =@ED E@ 5C:?< 2?5 E96? J@F’G6 8@E A6@A=6 J6==:?8 2E J@F]k^Am
kAmxE AFE E96 A@=:46 :? E9:D D:EF2E:@?[ ,=:<6.[ ?@H H6 24EF2==J 92G6 2 D:EF2E:@? H96C6 A6@A=6 4@F=5 86E 9FCE] x7 3@E9 D:56D 925 2 4@?G6CD2E:@?[ x 2> 46CE2:? :E H@F=5 92G6 366? >FEF2==J 36?67:4:2=] r6CE2:?] p?5 :E’D E@@ 325 E92E E96 DE6AD H6?E E96 H2J E92E E96J 5:5[ 2?5 H96? x D2J E@@ 325 x >62? C62==J E@@ 325] qFE F=E:>2E6=J 2D H6 <?@H E96 AC@E6DE@CD 6?565 FA H:E9@FE 2 4@?G:4E:@?[ E96 42D6 E92E 925 366? 7:=65 H2D 5:D>:DD65] x ;FDE E9:?< :E H2D 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ >:DD65]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %9:D 42>A2:8? 92D 925 2 =@E E@ D2J 23@FE E96 ?665 E@ 6IA2?5 5:G6CD:@? 2?5 EC62E>6?E @FED:56 @7 ;2:=D] x’> DFC6 E92E :? C6DA@?D6 E@ E92E =:?6 J@F’G6 962C5 7C@> 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 E92E E96C6’D ?@E 6?@F89 7F?5:?8[ E96C6’D ?@E 6?@F89 365DA246[ E96C6’D =@?8 H2:E=:DED[ =:>:E65 2446DD E@ 9@FD:?8 2?5 962=E9 42C6[ 6E4] %9:D :D 2 A@=:E:42= C246[ J@F’C6 3F:=5:?8 2 >@G6>6?E 369:?5 J@F[ 2?5 E96 sp’D @77:46 92D 4=@FE :? E96 DE2E6] s@ J@F D66 :E 2D J@FC C@=6 2?5 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ E@ ?@E ;FDE DFAA@CE E96D6 E9:?8D 3FE E@ 24EF2==J 8@ @FE 2?5 FD6 E92E A@H6C H:E9 =2H>2<6CD 2?5 @E96C A@=:E:4:2?D :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ E@ ECJ E@ 86E E9:?8D =:<6 >65:42:5 6IA2?D:@?[ 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 \\ E96 E9:?8D E92E H@F=5 <66A A6@A=6 @77 @7 J@FC 42D6=@25 :7 E96J 925 E9@D6 C6D@FC46D 2?5 DFAA@CE] s@ J@F D66 E92E 2D J@FC C@=6 2?5 H:== J@F 5@ E92E :7 6=64E65nk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i pE D@>6 A@:?E :? E96 =2DE J62C @C D@[ z6G:? y@J46[ H9@ :D @FC D96C:77 — @FC 49:67 =2H 6?7@C46C 2?5 96 CF?D E96 ;2:= — 96=5 2 AC6DD 4@?76C6?46 @? 62C=J 49:=59@@5 65F42E:@?] }@E E96 EJA:42= E9:?8 E92E E96 D96C:77 :D 8@:?8 E@ E2=< 23@FE] p?5 96 E2=<65 23@FE 9@H E96C6’D 2 5:C64E =:?< 36EH66? 62C=J 49:=59@@5 65F42E:@? 2?5 :E’D 2G2:=23:=:EJ 2?5 2 C65F4E:@? :? 4C:>:?2= 24E:G:EJ =2E6C]k^Am
kAm%92E’D A=2J:?8 E96 =@?8 82>6] !C6EEJ 8@@5] &?5@F3E65=J[ E96 s:DEC:4E pEE@C?6J 42? =@@< 2E 4C:>6 :? E92E 7F== H2J C2E96C E92? D:>A=J H92E D6?E6?46D 2C6 >6E65 @FE @C H92E 2AAC@2496D 2C6 E2<6? @? E96 52J @7 E96 2CC2:8?>6?E] p?5 H6 @F89E E@[ H:E9@FE 2?J BF6DE:@?]k^Am
kAmx’G6 925 2 =@E @7 5:D4FDD:@? :? E9:D 42>A2:8? H:E9 4:EJ 4@F?4:==@CD 2?5 DE2E6 =68:D=2E@CD E92E DE2CE E@F49:?8 @? E9:D] |65:42:5 :D 2 8:2?E @?6[ 3FE E96J E@F49 @? 2== <:?5D @7 :DDF6D E92E 2C6?’E EC25:E:@?2==J 5:D4FDD:@? A@:?ED 7@C E96 5:DEC:4E 2EE@C?6J] p >2;@C A2CE @7 E96 C@=6 @7 E96 sp 2?5 :? E9:D 42D6 @7 E96 DE2E6’D =2C86DE 4@F?EJ :D[ x E9:?< H96? J@F D2J F=E:>2E6=J :E’D 23@FE D276EJ 2?5 <66A:?8 A6@A=6 D276[ 2?5 H6 6?8286 :? A@=:4:6D E92E :? E96 =@?8 CF? C65F46 4C:>:?2= 24E:G:EJ[ H6’C6 5@:?8 2 36EE6C ;@3 2E <66A:?8 A6@A=6 D276]k^Am
kAm*6D[ x H:== H:E9@FE 2?J BF6DE:@?[ :E’D D@>6E9:?8 x’> G6CJ 4@>7@CE23=6 5@:?8] %9@D6 4@?G6CD2E:@?D x C62==J 6?;@J[ 3:8 A:4EFC6 A@=:4J 5:D4FDD:@?[ 2?5 H9:=6 :E EC25:E:@?2==J 92D?’E 366? E96 C@=6 @7 E96 sp[ H6’C6 :? 2 5:776C6?E A=246 C:89E ?@H] (6’C6 4@>:?8 E@ F?56CDE2?5 E96 4@??64E:@? 36EH66? 2== <:?5D @7 :DDF6D[ 7C@> 65F42E:@? E@ 962=E9 42C6[ E92E H6 5:5?’E 8C2DA]k^Am
kAmx’G6 2=D@ 925 4@?G6CD2E:@?D H:E9 E96 $49@@= q@2C5 >6>36CD] |2C< q2=72?EK :D 2 C6=2E:G6=J ?6H6C >6>36C :? !@CE=2?5 2?5 E92E 8FJ D66D :E 7C@> `_ >:=6D 2H2J] w6 :D @? :E] p?5 H6 925 8C62E 4@?G6CD2E:@?D @?[ E@ FD6 E96 H@C5[ :?E6CD64E:@?D 36EH66? 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 2?5 62C=J 49:=59@@5 65F42E:@?]k^Am
kAmx’G6 925 7C:6?5D H9@ 2C6 D49@@= E62496CD — >J 3C@E96C E62496D :? 2 D49@@= :? *2C>@FE9] xE’D 6?@C>@FD :? 2 3F?49 @7 H2JD[ ?@E ;FDE 23@FE ;FG6?:=6 ;FDE:46 3FE 23@FE :?G6DE:?8 :? 49:=542C6[ 62C=J 49:=59@@5 ?FEC:E:@?[ 7@@5 D64FC:EJ]k^Am
kAm(6 <66A 4@>:?8 324< E@ E9:D[ 3FE H6’G6 925 2 8@G6C?@C ?@H 7@C 2== E96D6 J62CD E92E’D D@ 282:?DE D@4:2= D6CG:46D 2?5 H6’G6 925 2 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E E92E[ 6G6? H96? ~32>2 H2D AC6D:56?E[ 96 DE:== 925 !2F= #J2? 2?5 @E96CD E2=<:?8 23@FE E96 92>>@4< 2D @AA@D65 E@ E96 D276EJ ?6E] xE ;FDE D66D E96 H@C=5 :? E9:D G6CJ A2CE:4F=2C H2J E92E 56>@?:K6D 2?J@?6 :? E96 3@EE@> BF:?E:=6 @C 3@EE@> EH@ BF:?E:=6D @C A6@A=6 @7 4@=@C :? E9:D @G6C=J D:>A=:DE:4 2?5 5:D2DEC@FD H2J]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E92E H6 92G6 E@ 92G6 4@?G6CD2E:@?D E92E F=E:>2E6=J 4@>6 324< E@ 7F?4E:@? 2?5 AC28>2E:D> 2?5 D2J :7 H6’C6 :?G6DE:?8 :? 49:=59@@5 65F42E:@? 96C6[ :E 4@DED 72C =6DD E92? 562=:?8 H:E9 E9:D A6CD@? E9C@F89 E96 ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 2?5 E96 56A2CE>6?E @7 962=E9 2?5 9F>2? D6CG:46D 2?5 962=E9 :?DFC2?46 2?5 @E96C H2JD 96C6[ 3642FD6 H6 72:=65 62C=:6C] p D>2==6C :?G6DE>6?E 96C6 >62?D J@F 86E E@ 2 36EE6C A=246 E96C6] p?5 x <?@H :E’D E@52J’D 3F586E 7@C 2 36?67:E `_ J62CD 7C@> ?@H[ 3FE :E’D H@CE9 :E[ 96C6’D 9@H]k^Am
kAm$@ J6D[ 23D@=FE6=J[ E96 sp D9@F=5 36 6?828:?8 :? E9@D6 5:D4FDD:@?D H:E9 A6@A=6[ :E’D 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ A2CE2<6 :? E92E 4@?G6CD2E:@?]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m xD E96C6 2 42D6 J@F 925[ 6:E96C 2D 2 AC@D64FE@C @C 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J[ E92E J@F 925 2E D@>6 A@:?E :? J@FC 42C66C E92E H2D 2 H2E6CD965 >@>6?E 7@C J@F[ E92E 7F?52>6?E2==J 2=E6C65 J@FC G:6H @7 E96 DJDE6> 2?5 J@FC C@=6 H:E9:? :Enk^9bm
kAmy@? v2=6i ~?6 @7 E96 >@DE :>A@CE2?E 42D6D x 6G6C H2D :?G@=G65 :? H2D 2 H2E6CD965 >@>6?E :? 2 G6CJ A2CE:4F=2C H2J] }@E 2 92AAJ @?6]k^Am
kAmx 925 2 A6CD@? 492C865 H:E9 42FD:?8 E96 562E9 @7 2 E@55=6C] p?5 D96[ 7C@> E96 52J x >6E 96C[ x 5:5?’E 3FJ :E @?6 3:E] xE 5:5?’E >2<6 D6?D6[ E96C6 H6C6 D@ >2?J 5:776C6?E H2JD E92E :E 5:5?’E >2<6 D6?D6] $96 925 ?@ 9:DE@CJ @7 G:@=6?46 2?5 D96 56D4C:365 2 D6BF6?46 @7 6G6?ED E92E >256 D6?D6 2?5 :E ;FDE 5:5?’E >2<6 D6?D6 E92E D96 H@F=5 92G6 6:E96C D92<6? E@ 562E9 E9:D 49:=5 @C DECF4< 96C 9625 :?E6?E:@?2==J]k^Am
kAm$96 H2D 492C865 H:E9 >2?D=2F89E6C 3642FD6 E96J H2?E65 E@ =62G6 @A6? E96 A@DD:3:=:EJ E92E :E H2D 2 >:DE2<6[ E92E :E H2D 4C:>:?2= ?68=:86?46] x? E92E 42D6[ E96 C62D@? H9J :E H2D 2 H2E6CD965 >@>6?E :D 3642FD6 :7 J@F =@D6 2D 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J D96 8@6D E@ AC:D@? 7@C 2 G6CJ[ G6CJ =@?8 E:>6 2?5 D96 =@D6D 96C 49:=5 7@C 8@@5] p?5 :7 J@F H:?[ ?@?6 @7 E92E 92AA6?D] %96 D6?D6 H2D E92E J@F 92G6 E9:D AC6DDFC6 E@ 5@ H92E’D C:89E 2?5 E96 AC6DDFC6 D9@F=5 36 @? E96 @E96C D:56 @7 E96 2:D=6 2E E96 6I24E D2>6 E:>6] %96 AC@D64FE@C D9@F=5 36 =@@<:?8 2E :E :? E96 6I24E D2>6 H2J]k^Am
kAmx =62C?65 2 72:C 2>@F?E @7 :?7@C>2E:@? E92E E96 AC@D64FE@C 5:5?’E <?@H @C F?56CDE2?5[ 2?5[ ?2:G6=J[ x D2:5 E@ E96 AC@D64FE@C[ Vw6J[ J@F 5:5?’E <?@H E9:D[ 3FE 96C6 2C6 AC:>6 :?5:4:2 E92E >J 4=:6?E 5:5?’E 5@ :E] !C:>6 :?5:4:2] p?5 C62==J E9:D 42D6 D9@F=5 36 5:D>:DD65]Vk^Am
kAm%96 AC@D64FE@CD A@D:E:@? H2D[ V~9[ @<[ H6== H6 42? 92G6 2 EC:2=]Vk^Am
kAmx’> =:<6[ V(2:E 2 >:?FE6[ x’> 8:G:?8 E9:D E@ J@F[ 5@ E96 C:89E E9:?8]Vk^Am
kAm}@] p?5 E96? x C646:G65 >@C6 :?7@C>2E:@? E92E H2D 6G6? >@C6 52>?:?8 2?5 @?6 A:646 @7 H9:49[ H9:49 H2D C62==J :>A@CE2?E[ H2D E92E @?6 @7 E96 AC:>2CJ :?G6DE:82E@CD 925 8:G6? 2 DJ?@AD:D @7 2? :?E6CG:6H[ 2?5 E96 :?E6CG:6H H2D C64@C565[ 2?5 E96? J@F =:DE6? E@ E96 C64@C5:?8 2?5 :E’D ?@E H92E E96 A6CD@? D2:5] xE H2D E96 @AA@D:E6]k^Am
kAm%96 BF6DE:@? H2D[ (2D E9:D 49:=5 24E:?8 ?@C>2==Jn %9:D H2D E96 A6CD@? :? E96 42C 3C:?8:?8 E96 49:=5 E@ >J 4=:6?E H9@ H2D 2 AC:>2CJ 42C6 AC@G:56C] (2D E96 49:=5 ?@C>2=n (6==[ D96’D FDF2==J C62==J 492EEJ] (6==[ H2D D96 492EEJn $96 H2D C62= BF:6E] (6==[ :D E92E ?@C>2=n *629[ x >62? D96’D FDF2==J C62==J 492EEJ] (6== D@>6E:>6D[ :D D96 BF:6En x 8F6DD D@>6E:>6D D96’D BF:6E]k^Am
kAm$J?@AD:Di D96 D2:5 E96 49:=5 H2D ?@C>2=]k^Am
kAmx >62?[ 9@CC:7J:?8[ 2?5 J@F <66A 8@:?8 E9C@F89 H92E D96 D2:5 2?5 D96 <6AE 9658:?8]k^Am
kAm(2D E96 323J :? 2 49:=5 D62En *629 x 5:5?’E C62==J =@@<] (6==[ J@F 5:5?’E =@@<n *629[ x 5:5?’E C62==J =@@< 324< E96C6 :? E96 324<D62E] (6== :D E96 49:=5 ?@C>2==J :? 2 49:=5 D62En *629 D96’D ?@C>2==J :? 2 49:=5 D62E] (6== H2D E96C6 2?JE9:?8 E@ =625 J@F E@ 36=:6G6 D96 H2D?’E :? 2 49:=5 D62E E92E 52Jn *629 x 5:5?’E =@@<]k^Am
kAm$J?@AD:Di D96 D2:5 49:=5’D :? E96 49:=5 D62E]k^Am
kAm%9:D C62==J >2EE6C65 3642FD6 E96 323J H2D :? 96C >@E96C’D 2C>D[ HC2AA65 FA :? 2 3=2?<6E @? 2 yF?6 6G6?:?8 H96? :E H2D fd 568C66D[ 3642FD6 E96 49:=5 H2D F?C6DA@?D:G6] %92E 56DEC@JD E96 42D6 7@C E96 DE2E6]k^Am
kAm$@ J@F 4@>6 E@ E9:D A@:?E :? AC6EC:2= H96C6 x’G6 8:G6? 6G6CJE9:?8 x’G6 8:G6? E@ E96 AC@D64FE@C[ 2?5 96’D DE:== 8@:?8 7@CH2C5] ,}@H. x’> ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 8:G6 :E E@ 9:>[ x’> ;FDE 8@:?8 E@ 4@@< E96 :?G6DE:82E@C @? E96 DE2?5 H:E9 :E] $@ E92E <:?5 @7 D6?D6 @7 4@>A6E:E:G6?6DD[ :E’D 92C5 E@ 56D4C:36 H92E :E :D[ ;FDE 2 >:DF?56CDE2?5:?8 @7 J@FC ;@3 2D 2 AC@D64FE@C :? >J G:6H[ :E H2D 2=>@DE ?2:G6E6 @? >J A2CE E92E >256 >6 36=:6G6 E92E AC@D64FE@CD ?665 E@ 4@>6 2E :E 7C@> 2 5:776C6?E A6CDA64E:G6 E92? E92E A6CD@? H2D 3C:?8:?8]k^Am
kAmxE H2D 2 H2E6CD965 >@>6?E :? <:?5 @7 D9655:?8 E92E ?2:G6E6] pD 2 AC@D64FE@C[ x 5:D>:DD65 2 4@FA=6 @7 42D6D :? E96 >:55=6 @7 EC:2= H96? >J H:E?6DD H6?E @77 E96 C2:=D :? E6DE:7J:?8 :? H2JD E92E 6I2886C2E65 E96 6G:56?46 2?5 H2D 4@?EC2CJ E@ H92E :5 366? E@=5 :? AC6EC:2=] x H2D ;FDE =:<6[ x 42?’E C6=J @? >J H:E?6DD 2?J>@C6[ x’> 5:D>:DD:?8 3642FD6 E92E E6DE:>@?J ;FDE H6?E @? E96 C64@C5 2?5 x <?@H :ED 4@?EC2CJ E@ H92E x’G6 366? E@=5 367@C6]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E92E >@DE AC@D64FE@CD 5@ E96 C:89E E9:?8 3FE J@F 92G6 E@ 24<?@H=6586 E92E E96C6 2C6 D@>6 E92E 5@?VE D66 :E E92E H2J 2?5 E92E J@F 92G6 E@ >2<6 46CE2:? E92E E96 :>>6?D6 A@H6C] #6>6>36C[ >J A6CD@? H@F=5 8@ E@ AC:D@? 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6 2?5 =@D6 96C 49:=5 7@C6G6C :7 E92E 8FJ H@? 9:D EC:2=] %96 :>A24E :D :>>62DFC23=6] %92E H2D E9:D 3:8 2H7F= 42D6 2C@F?5 a__g[ a__h :? r2C:3@F]k^Am
kAm$96 H2D[ E92?< 8@5[ 7@F?5 ?@E 8F:=EJ 3FE E96 D6?D6 H2D H6 ?6G6C D9@F=5 92G6 E92E EC:2=[ E92E 42D6 D9@F=5 ?6G6C 92G6 H2=<65 FA E@ E92E A@:?E] %92E H2D @?6[ E96C6 2C6 H2J E@@ >2?J E@ >6?E:@?] qFE E92E H2D @?6 2?5 H96? J@F E2=< 23@FE :?E68C:EJ[ E96C6 :E :D]k^Am
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ 962C J@FC 2AAC@249 @? G:@=6?E @776?D6D] x <?@H J@F 92G6 2 =@E @7 6IA6C:6?46 H:E9 J@FC H@C< C:89E ?@H :? E96 sp’D @77:46] xE’D 2 G6CJ 4=@D6 DF3;64E 7@C J@F 3642FD6 @7 J@FC >@E96C 2?5 96C @H? 42D6]k^9bm
k9bm|J BF6DE:@?D 2C6[ 9@H 2?5 H9J :D J@FC 2AAC@249 5:776C6?E 7C@> ?@?\G:@=6?E @776?46D E92? H96? 2AAC@249:?8 G:@=6?E @776?D6Dn (@F=5 J@F 2AA=J 2?J @7 E96 D2>6 C67@C>\>:?565 2AAC@2496D 7C@> ?@?\G:@=6?E @776?D6D E@ G:@=6?E @776?D6Dnk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i x E9:?< H6 FD6 G:@=6?46 2D <:?5 @7 E9:D 3=24< 2?5 H9:E6 =:?6 2?5 x 5@?’E D66 E96 H@C=5 3=24< 2?5 H9:E6[ 2D >F49 2D x’> 2 =:E6C2= E9:?<6C] x D66 E96 H@C=5 G6CJ >F49 :? D9256D @7 8C2J]k^Am
kAmu@C >J 4FCC6?E 42D6=@25[ x 2> :? 492C86 @7 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46[ D6IF2= 2DD2F=E[ 2?5 6=56C 23FD6] s@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 :D E96 =:@?’D D92C6 @7 E92E[ E92E’D E96 H@C< E92E C62==J 5C@G6 >6 :?E@ AC@D64FE:@?]k^Am
kAm$@ E96 BF6DE:@? 7@C 6G6CJ@?6 :D[ H96C6 :D E96 =:?6n x 5@?’E E9:?< E96C6’D 2 92C5 2?5 72DE =:?6] x’> ?@E :?E6C6DE65 :? 4C62E:?8 4964< 3@I6Dj H6’C6 ?@E :? E96 7656C2= DJDE6>[ x 5@?’E H2?E E@ 8@ E96C6] *@F <?@H[ p Z q l AC:D@?[ :7 J@F’C6 :? r J@F 86E E9:D[ 2?5 :7 J@F’C6 :? s J@F 86E E92E]k^Am
kAmx 36=:6G6 :? 3C@256C A@=:4:6D 3FE x 2=D@ 36=:6G6 E92E :E’D G6CJ :>A@CE2?E E92E E96 sp 364@>6D >@C6 EC2?DA2C6?E[ 364@>6D >@C6 24E:G6 :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ E92E D96 :D 36:?8 D66? W7@C >J 42D6X[ 2?5 :D 24EF2==J :?E6C24E:?8 H:E9 E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ :D 244@F?E23=6 E@ E92E 4@>>F?:EJ[ E92E H:== 2?DH6C BF6DE:@?D 23@FE H9J E9:?8D 2C6 36:?8 5@?6] p?5 D@ A2CE @7 E92E :D 2? @A6?\5@@C A@=:4J]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m pC6 E96C6 2?J 42D6D E92E :?G@=G6 G:@=6?46 3C@25=J E92E J@F H@F=5 5@ D@>6E9:?8 =:<6 5:G6CD:@? 7@Cnk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i *6D[ x’> @A6? E@ E92E] x 92G6?’E 7F==J E9@F89E @FE 2 A=2? E92E H@F=5 :?4=F56 E92E[ E@ 36 9@?6DE]k^Am
kAmx 4FCC6?E=J[ :? >J AC24E:46[ @?6 @7 E96 4C:E:BF6D E92E x’G6 962C5 @7 >JD6=7 :? 7@CF>D[ :D x 5@ FD6 5676CC65\5:DA@D:E:@?D H:E9 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6D[ 6DA64:2==J :? =@H6C\=6G6= @776?D6D] p?5 E92E’D <:?5 @7 E96 =6G6= @7 G:@=6?46[ E96 9:DE@CJ 36EH66? E96 A2CE:6D[ E96 286 @7 E96 A2CE:6D] p `h\J62C\@=5 :D G6CJ 5:776C6?E E92? 2 ah\J62C\@=5[ H9:49 :D G6CJ 5:776C6?E 7C@> 2 dh\J62C\@=5 — E96C6 2C6 5:776C6?E =:76 A2EE6C?D E96C6]k^Am
kAm$@ H6 ECJ E@ 5:776C6?E:2E6] r@>>F?:EJ D276EJ :D 23@FE 7FEFC6\AC65:4E:?8[ H9:49 H6’C6 E6CC:3=6 2E 5@:?8 2D 9F>2?D] (6 E9:?< E92E H6’C6 @>?:A@E6?E[ 3FE H6’C6 ?@E] $@ H6 ECJ E@ >2?286 E92E C:D<] (6 92G6 E2<6? 244@F?E E96 G:4E:>D[ 9:D @C 96C D276EJ[ 2=D@ 244@F?E23:=:EJ 7@C E96 24E:@?D 2?5 7@C E96 92C> E92E’D 5@?6]k^Am
kAmqFE 2=D@[ H92E 24E:@? D9@F=5 H6 92G6n (6 92G6 G6CJ 3=F?E :?DECF>6?ED :? E96 4FCC6?E ;FDE:46 DJDE6>] (6 ?665 E@ C6D6CG6 E9@D6 :?DECF>6?ED 7@C @?=J E96 >@DE D6C:@FD 42D6D] %92E’D H9J H6 92G6 2 9:896C DJDE6> @7 AC@@7] (6 ?665 E@ ?@E FD6 E96 4FCC6?E 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 2?5 =2H\6?7@C46>6?E :? 86?6C2= E@ D@=G6 A6EEJ 5:DAFE6D] (6 ?665 E@ C6D6CG6 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 7@C 24EF2= D6C:@FD @776?D6D]k^Am
kAm%96 ;F586D 2=H2JD E2=< 23@FE E96 E9C66\=68865 DE@@= H96C6 H6 92G6 E96 G:4E:> 2?5 ;FDE:46[ 4@>>F?:EJ D276EJ[ 2?5 E96? E96 5676?52?E 2?5 C6923:=:E2E:@?] p?5 x <?@H E92E’D 366? 2 G6CJ ?@E\A@AF=2C H@C5 :? E96 4C:>:?2= ;FDE:46 DJDE6> 7@C 2 C62==J =@?8 E:>6] x E9:?< H6 H6?E 2H2J 7C@> :E <:?5 @7 :? E96 `hf_D 2?5 E96? 2D H6 H6?E :?E@ E96 `hg_D H6 =@DE E92E 2?5 4@>A=6E6=J 8@?6 2H2J 7C@> :E]k^Am
kAmqFE H6 92G6 E@[ 7@C E96 G2DE >2;@C:EJ[ x’> E2=<:?8 >@C6 E92? hd A6C46?E[ AC@323=J 9:896C E92? E92E[ @7 A6@A=6 E92E x 562= H:E9 :? >J AC24E:46 2?5 2C6 562=E H:E9 :? 4C:>:?2= AC24E:46 24C@DD E96 DE2E6] ':CEF2==J 2== @7 E96>[ H:E9 2 G6CJ 76H >:?@C 6I46AE:@?D[ 2C6 4@>:?8 324< E@ @FC 4@>>F?:E:6D]k^Am
kAm(6 92G6 E@ 36 C6DA@?D:3=6 E92E H96? E96J 4@>6 324< E@ @FC 4@>>F?:E:6D[ E92E H6 2==@H E96> E96 @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ 82:? H92E6G6C E96J ?665 E@ 96=A E96> 36 >@C6 DF446DD7F=] }@E ;FDE 3642FD6 H6’C6 8@@5 A6@A=6 2?5 E92E’D E96 C:89E E9:?8 E@ 5@ 7@C A6@A=6[ 3FE 2=D@ 3642FD6 :E’D E96 D>2CE E9:?8 E@ 5@]k^Am
kAm(6 H2?E A6@A=6 E@ 36 7F?4E:@?:?8 36EE6C] (6 H2?E A6@A=6 E@ 86E 96=A 7@C >6?E2= :==?6DD] (6 H2?E A6@A=6 E@ 86E 96=A :7 E96J’C6 FD:?8 DF3DE2?46D 2?5 :7 E96J 42?’E >2?286 E92E D:EF2E:@?] (6 ?665 E@ 8:G6 E96> 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ =62C? 5:776C6?E H2JD] (:== H6 72:=n *6D[ 567:?:E6=J] (6’C6 H@C<:?8 H:E9 A6@A=6 H9@’G6 2=C625J — :7 J@F E9:?< 23@FE A2DE 9:DE@CJ 2D E96 36DE AC65:4E@C @7 7FEFC6 — H6’C6 H@C<:?8 H:E9 A6@A=6 H9@ 92G6 2 5:776C6?E H2JD @7 E9:?<:?8[ 4C:>:?@86?:4 E9:?<:?8 >2J36[ H92E6G6C A2EE6C?D E96J 2C6] (6 ?665 E@ 2E =62DE ECJ 3642FD6 @E96CH:D6[ H92E H6’C6 5@:?8 92D ?@ C62D@?] %96C6’D ?@ C62D@? 7@C :E]k^Am
kAm$@ H6 C62==J ?665 E@ 7@4FD @? E92E EC:764E2] p44@F?E23:=:EJ[ ;FDE:46 7@C E96 G:4E:>[ D276EJ 7@C E96 G:4E:>[ 4@>>F?:EJ D276EJ[ 2?5 H92E 42? H6 5@ E@ >2<6 E96 D:EF2E:@? 36EE6C E92? H96? H6 7@F?5 :E] s@ H6 DF44665 2== E96 E:>6n }@[ ?@E 2E 2==] x’> E96 7:CDE @?6 E@ D2J E92E H6 92G6 E9:?8D H6 ?665 E@ H@C< @?] qFE x E9:?< E96C6’D @AA@CEF?:E:6D E@ H@C< @? E92E]k^Am
kAm(96C6 E96 =:?6 :Dn }@H E92E :D 2 G6CJ EC:4<J BF6DE:@? 2?5 :E 492?86D 56A6?5:?8 @? E96 :?5:G:5F2= 4:C4F>DE2?46D @7 E96 42D6] p?5 E92E’D ?@E ;FDE 2 4@A\@FE 3642FD6 x 5@?’E H2?E E@ 2?DH6C E96 BF6DE:@?]k^Am
kAmx’G6 562=E H:E9 D6IF2= @776?56CD H9@ 92G6 2 ?F>36C @7 G:4E:>D H9@ 2C6 G6CJ J@F?8[ H9@’G6 5@?6 2 =@E @7 92C>[ H9@ 2C6 AC@323=J ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 36 D276=J >2?2865 :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ] x H@F=5 =@G6 E@ H@C< @? H92E6G6C :DDF6D E96J ?665 :? @C56C E@ 36 D276 :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ] x’> ?@E H:==:?8 E@ =6E E96> >@G6 23@FE 7C66=J :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ 3642FD6 x 92G6 <:5D 2?5 x 5@?’E <?@H :7 J@F 92G6 <:5D[ 3FE E96C6 2C6 2 =@E @7 49:=5C6? E92E H6 ?665 E@ AC@E64E]k^Am
kAmp?5 D@>6E:>6D E96 :?E6C6DE @7 E96 4@>>F?:EJ 5@6D C:D6 23@G6 E96 =:36CEJ :?E6C6DE @7 E92E :?5:G:5F2=] p82:?[ x 5@?’E 5@ E9@D6 42D6D] x 42? 4@F?E @? @?6 92?5 E92E x’G6 925 E92E 2C6 :? E96 5@F3=6 5:8:ED :? E96 =2DE a_ J62CD] *@F <?@H[ H6 5@?’E 86E E9@D6 D6?E6?46D G6CJ @7E6? :? E96 DE2E6 @7 |2:?6] x 5@?’E E9:?< E92E’D 2 325 E9:?8] (96? x E2=< H:E9 4@==628F6D[ 7@C 6I2>A=6 23@FE 49:=5 A@C?@8C2A9J — H6 42== :E D6IF2==J 6IA=:4:E >2E6C:2= 96C6 3FE 49:=5 A@C? :D G6C?24F=2C — :? 46CE2:? DE2E6D :7 J@F 92G6 2 4@F?E @7 E92E[ :7 J@F 92G6 @?6 A@DD6DD:@? @7 @?6 :>286[ H9:49 :7 J@F <?@H 2?JE9:?8 23@FE 4@>AFE6CD[ J@F 92G6 2? :>286 @? 2 4@>AFE6C J@F 92G6 >F=E:A=6 :>286D 3642FD6 H96? J@F @A6? :E FA E96C6 2C6 E6>A@C2CJ 7:=6D[ J@F 42? 86E 2 4@F?E 7@C 6G6CJ @?6[ 6G6? E9@F89 J@F’G6 @?=J 24EF2==J 5@H?=@2565 2?5 2EE6>AE65 E@ =@@< 2E @?6 :>286]k^Am
kAm%96C6 2C6 D@>6 DE2E6D H96C6 E96C6’D >2?52E@CJ >:?:>F>D @7 `_ J62CD 7@C 6G6CJ :>286] %92E AFED DF49 2 962GJ 92?5 @? @?6 D:56 @7 E96 ;FDE:46 D42=6 E92E :E ;FDE 56=68:E:>:K6D E96 6?E:C6 AC@46DD]k^Am
kAmx 2> ?@E 2 AC@A@?6?E @7 49:=5 A@C?@8C2A9J] qFE H6 92G6 E@ 36 =@8:42= 23@FE 9@H H6 2AAC@249 :E] x? E9:D DE2E6[ A6@A=6 5@ 8@ E@ ;2:= 7@C 92G:?8 E9@D6 >2E6C:2=D] x E9:?< E92E’D 2AAC@AC:2E6] qFE E92E’D ;2:=[ ?@E AC:D@?] %96J’C6 D9@CE6C E6C>D] p?5 E96C6’D 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ =62C? ?6H H2JD @7 36:?8 2?5 2=D@ ;FDE C64@8?:K:?8 E96 D6C:@FD?6DD @7 H92E J@F 5:5 2?5 9@A67F==J ?@E 5@:?8 :E 282:? 2E E96 6?5 @7 E96 52J]k^Am
kAmxE’D =:<6 >28?6ED] *@F AFD9 @?6 6?5 —k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m — E96J AF== @? 6249 @E96C]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i tI24E=J] %96J 5@] p?5 J@F 92G6 E@ C62==J 36 E9@F89E7F= 9@H J@F 2AAC@249 E9@D6 42D6D] x H:D9 E96C6 H2D 2? 62DJ H2J E@ D2J[ x H:D9 E96C6 H6C6 3@I6D H6 4@F=5 FD6[ E92E H@F=5 36 C62==J C62==J 62DJ] qFE x E9:?< E96 A6@A=6 H9@ 8@E =@DE :? 36EH66? E96 4C24<D — 2?5 E96C6 2C6 2 =@E @7 4C24<D :? E96 DJDE6> 2?5 A6@A=6 86E =@DE :? E96C6 \ x’> ?@E H:==:?8 E@ 8:G6 FA]k^Am
kAm(6 5@?’E 92G6 DF49 2? @G6CH96=>:?8 ?F>36C @7 A6@A=6 :? @FC DJDE6> E92E H6 92G6 E@ 8:G6 FA E92E 23:=:EJ] |2J36 H6 92G6 `_[___ 42D6D 2 J62C :? rF>36C=2?5 4@F?EJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %@ H92E 568C66 5@6D E96 G:4E:>’D A6CDA64E:G6 A=2J :?E@ E9:D 7@C J@F[ H96? J@F’C6 C6AC6D6?E:?8 2 G:4E:>] yFDE E@ 8:G6 J@F 2? :562[ :? a_`e[ E96C6 H2D 2 }2E:@?2= $FCG6J @? ':4E:>D ':6HD @7 $276EJ 2?5 yFDE:46[ H9:49 7@F?5 E92E ?@?G:@=6?E 2?5 G:@=6?E 4C:>6 DFCG:G@CD 36=:6G65 AC:D@? H2D >@C6 =:<6=J E@ 42FD6 2 A6CD@? E@ 4@>>:E 2?@E96C 4C:>6 :? E96 7FEFC6 E92? :E H2D E@ C6923:=:E2E6 E96>[ 3J 2 b E@ ` >2C8:?]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i x 962C E9:D 6G6CJ 52J]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m p?5 D@ x’> H@?56C:?8 23@FE H92E E96 G:4E:> H2?ED] (96C6 5@6D E92E 4@>6 :?E@ A=2J 7@C J@F[ 6DA64:2==J H96? H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE G:@=6?E 4C:>6n p?5 2D H6’G6 24<?@H=65865 :? E9:D C246[ EC62E>6?E :D ?@?\6I:DE6?E 2?5 :?67764E:G6 :? 2 =@E @7 E96D6 A=246D 2?5 >@DE A6@A=6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 86E @FE 6G6?EF2==J 2?5 4@>6 324< :?E@ E96 4@>>F?:EJ] (96C6 5@6D E96 G:4E:>’D A6CDA64E:G6 4@>6 :? E@ E9:D 7@C J@Fn pC6 E96 A=246D H96C6 :E’D @G6CC:556? 2?5 9@H 5@ J@F 8C2AA=6 H:E9 E92Enk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i xE’D E@F89 3642FD6 A6@A=6 H9@ H6 2C6 H@C<:?8 H:E9 4@>6 :? H:E9 G6CJ 5:776C6?E A6CDA64E:G6D] x H@C< H:E9 A6@A=6 H9@ 7@C E96 >@DE A2CE[ 92G6 :>A@CE2?E D:8?:7:42?E C6=2E:@?D9:AD H:E9 E96 A6CD@? H9@’D 4@>>:EE65 E96 4C:>6] p?5 E92E’D 2 G6CJ 92C5 — H92E J@F’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 8C2AA=:?8 H:E9 — :E’D G6CJ 92C5 E@ 562= H:E9 E92E]k^Am
kAm|@DE @7 >J G:4E:>D E6== >6 E96J H2?E E96 G:@=6?46 E@ DE@A @7 4@FCD6[ E96J 5@?’E H2?E E@ 36 9FCE 2?J>@C6] qFE E96J 2=D@ E96J 5@?’E H2?E E96 72E96C @7 E96:C 49:=5 :? ;2:=[ E96J >2J ?@E 36 23=6 E@ DFAA@CE E96>D6=G6D[ E96J =@G6 E9:D A6CD@? >@DE @7 E96 E:>6[ @C E96J 92G6 2 AC6\6I:DE:?8 C6=2E:@?D9:A E92E :D :>A@CE2?E E@ E96>] $@ J@F 92G6 E@ C6DA64E E92E] xE 42? 36 G6CJ 5:77:4F=E]k^Am
kAm(92E x 2=H2JD E6== G:4E:>D[ >J 2AAC@249 E@ G:4E:>D[ H92E x D2J H96? x 7:CDE >66E D@>6@?6 x’> H@C<:?8 H:E9[ :D “x C6AC6D6?E E96 DE2E6[ x 5@?’E C6AC6D6?E J@F] *@F 92G6 2 C:89E E@ 2? 2EE@C?6J]”k^Am
kAm}@H[ AC24E:42==J DA62<:?8[ 2EE@C?6JD 2C6 6IA6?D:G6[ x 2> 2H2C6 @7 E92E] qFE E96J 5@ 92G6 E92E C:89E 2?5 E96J D9@F=5 <?@H E92E] p?5 E96C6’D @?=J @?6 E9:?8 E92E x AC@>:D6 G:4E:>D 6G6C] x D2J[ “x AC@>:D6 J@F E92E x’== E6== J@F E96 ECFE9] *@F >2J ?@E =:<6 :E 2?5 H6 42? E2=< 23@FE E92E 2?5 x’> 92AAJ E@ =:DE6?] qFE H6 >2J 2E D@>6 A@:?E 5:D28C66] %92E’D @<2J] x H:== 2=H2JD E6== J@F E96 ECFE9]” %92E’D E96 @?=J 8F2C2?E66 E92E x >2<6 :? E9:D 3FD:?6DD]k^Am
kAm(96? x H2D 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J[ :E H2D C62==J :>A@CE2?E E@ >6 E92E >J 4=:6?ED F?56CDE@@5 H92E H2D 92AA6?:?8] %96J >2J ?@E =:<6 :E[ E96J >2J 92G6 G6CJ =:>:E65 @AE:@?D[ 3FE :E H2D C62==J :>A@CE2?E 7@C >6 E@ F?56CDE2?5 6I24E=J H92E H2D 92AA6?:?8 :? 6249 DE286 @7 E96 AC@46DD 3642FD6 2 =@E @7 2?I:6EJ 7=@HD 7C@> ;FDE E96 F?<?@H?] %92E’D 2?I:6EJ 2D D@>6@?6 :? E96 DJDE6> J@F 42? 24EF2==J 255C6DD] *@F 42?’E 562= H:E9 H92E J@F 42?’E 4@?EC@= 3FE J@F 42? 2E =62DE 6IA=2:? H92E’D 92AA6?:?8] x ECJ E@ 5@ E92E[ ?@E :? E96 D2>6 H2J[ 3FE H:E9 E96 A6@A=6 E92E x’> H@C<:?8 H:E9 \ G:4E:>D[ DFCG:G@CD[ A6@A=6 E92E 92G6 5:776C6?E ?2>6D 7@C E96>D6=G6D — 2?5 ECJ E@ >66E E96> E96C6]k^Am
kAmx 2=D@ 92G6 E@ DE6A 324< 3642FD6 x 5@?’E C6AC6D6?E E96:C :?E6C6DED] |2<6 DFC6 E@ 32=2?46 H92E E96J H2?E 2?5 H92E’D 36DE :? >J @A:?:@?[ 2?5 9@A67F==J H92E >J 3@DD’D @A:?:@? :D 3642FD6 x C62==J D6CG6 @? 96C 42D6D] (92E :D E96 8@2= @7 E9:D AC@D64FE:@?n w@H 5@ H6 >66E E92E 8@2=n w@H 5@ H6 244@F?E 7@C E96 4C:>6 H:E9@FE 5:>:?:D9:?8 E96 8C2G:EJ @7 E96 D6?E6?46nk^Am
kAmx7 H6 925 D@>6E9:?8 @E96C E92? ;2:=[ E92E H@F=5 36 8C62E[ 3FE H6 5@?’E 92G6 E92E C:89E ?@H] w@H 5@ H6 32=2?46 H92E E96 G:4E:> H2?EDn p?5 7C6BF6?E=J[ :? 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6D[ 3J E96 E:>6 E92E E96 AC@D64FE:@? :D @G6C[ 7C6BF6?E=J >J G:4E:>D 2C6 ?@ =@?86C 4@@A6C2E:?8 H:E9 >6 2?5 5@ ?@E H2?E >6 E@ AC@4665 :? E96 42D6]k^Am
kAmqFE :7 E96C6 92D 366? :?;FCJ E@ E92E A6CD@?[ 2?5 FDF2==J :? @C56C E@ AC@4665 H:E9 2? F?4@@A6C2E:G6 G:4E:> J@F ?665 D@>6 >@C6[ 2? 6J6\H:E?6DD @C D@>6 @E96C E9:?8D E92E H:== 2==@H J@F E@ >@G6 7@CH2C5] x7 D@>6@?6’D 366? C62==J :?;FC65[ x F?56CDE2?5 H9J 2?5^@C x 2446AE E96:C A@D:E:@? 23@FE AC@D64FE:@? 2E E92E A@:?E] |2J36 E96J 92G6 7@C8:G6? 2?5 >@G65 @? 2?5 E96J 5@?’E H2?E E@ 562= H:E9 :E 2?J>@C6[ E92E’D 2 4@>A=6E6=J F?56CDE2?523=6 A@D:E:@?]k^Am
kAmqFE :7 D@>63@5J’D :?;FC65 E96>[ E96C6 ?665D E@ 36 2 4@?D6BF6?46] x 5@?’E =@@< 7@C ;2:= :? 6G6CJ s' 42D6[ A2CE:4F=2C=J @?6D H96C6 E96C6’D 2 =@E =6DD @7 2? :?;FCJ[ @C :7 2 G:4E:> 4@>6D E@ >6 2?5 D2JD[ >J H:76 :D H@?56C7F= H96? D96’D ?@E 5C:?<:?8[ 2?5 x 962C E92E 2 =@E[ E96? >2J36 H6 ?665 E@ H@C< @? E92E] p?5 E92E’D H92E H6 92G6 5676CC65]k^Am
kAm%96C6’D 2 4C:E:4:D> C:89E ?@H 23@FE FD:?8 5676CC65 ,56A@D:E:@?D. 7@C 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6D[ E96C6’D 2 A=246 @C E92E] %96C6 :D 2 A=246 7@C E92E] p?5 H6 ?665 E@ E2<6 :?E@ 244@F?E E96 G:4E:>’D 56D:C6D E@ ?@E A6C>2?6?E=J :>A24E E96:C A2CE?6CD E9C@F89 E96 4C:>:?2= 4@?G:4E:@? AC@46DD] p==@H A6@A=6 E@ 86E EC62E>6?E :7 E92E’D H92E E96J ?665 E@[ H92E6G6C :DDF6D E92E 2C6 =625:?8 E@ 7FD6 E96 G:@=6?46 :? E96 9@FD6]k^Am
kAm(92E x E6== G:4E:>D :D :7 J@F ?665 2 A@=:46 :?E6CG6?E:@? :? J@FC 9@>6[ x 92G6 E@ 36=:6G6 E92E E92E H2D 2 C62==J D42CJ D:EF2E:@?[ E96C6 H2D 2 D6C:@FD D:EF2E:@?[ :E 8@E @FE @7 J@FC 4@?EC@=[ 2?5 x <?@H E92E x 2> 42FD:?8 J@F A2:? C:89E ?@H 3642FD6 J@F’C6 ?@E 23=6 E@ H92E6G6C :E :D[ J@F <?@H[ DFAA@CE J@FCD6=7[ >2<6 DFC6 E92E E96 <:5D 86E A:4<65 FA 7C@> D49@@=… %96C6’D 2 =@E @7 5:776C6?E 724E@CD] qFE x 92G6 E@ <66A >J 6J6 @? 4@>>F?:EJ D276EJ 2?5 >2<6 DFC6 E92E :E 8@6D 7@CH2C5] xE’D 2 >2EE6C @7 32=2?4:?8 E92E]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E96 >@DE D:8?:7:42?E E9:?8 7@C >6 :D x 925 2 G:4E:> 62C=J @? :? >J 42C66C] p G6CJ D6C:@FD 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46 42D6[ 6IEC6>6=J D6C:@FD] x C62==J 36=:6G65 E92E[ 925 E92E D:EF2E:@? 4@?E:?F65[ D96 AC@323=J H@F=5 92G6 366? 6IEC6>6=J :?;FC65 @C H@CD6]k^Am
kAm$96 H2D 6IEC6>6=J F?4@@A6C2E:G6 2?5 D96 925 E@=5 >6 E92E D96 5:5 ?@E H2?E E9:D 7:89E[ D96 H2D?’E 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E9:D[ D96 H2D?’E 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E92E] xE 8@E E@ 36 G6CJ 5:77:4F=E E@ AC@D64FE6] qFE H6 H6C6 23=6 E@ >@G6 7@CH2C5 2?5[ J62CD =2E6C[ D96 H2=<65 :?E@ >J @77:46 E@ E92?< >6]k^Am
kAm$@ J@F 92G6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ 32=2?46 2== @7 E92E] }@E 6G6CJ G:4E:> :D 8@:?8 E@ 5@ E92E] x’> DFC6 J@F 4@F=5 7:?5 `_ G:4E:>D C:89E ?@H H9@ C62==J H:D9 E96J ?6G6C 962C5 >J ?2>6] p?5 E92E’D @<2J] %92E’D @<2J] *@F ;FDE 92G6 E@ 5@ J@FC 36DE 2?5 9@A67F==J =:DE6? E@ G:4E:>D[ E9:?< 23@FE H92E E96 4@>>F?:EJ D276EJ ?665D[ 2?5 2=D@ 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46[ F?=6DD J@F’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE D@>6@?6 5625 @C D6C:@FD=J :?;FC65[ E96 >2I:>F> D6?E6?46 H:E9 ,r=2DD. q’D :D `_ J62CD] *@F’C6 FDF2==J 562=:?8 H:E9 ,r=2DD. r’D :7 :E’D 2 >F=E:A=6 @776?D6D H:E9 AC:@C 4@?G:4E:@?D[ J@F’C6 =@@<:?8 2E d J62C’D >2I:>F>] #F?\@7\E96\>:== r=2DD s >:D56>62?@CD :D @?6 J62C >2I:>F>]k^Am
kAmp== @7 E96D6 A6@A=6 2C6 4@>:?8 324< E@ E9:D 4@>>F?:EJ] %96J >2J ?@E 36 4@>:?8 324< E@ E92E A2CE?6C[ 3FE E96J’C6 4@>:?8 324< E@ 2 7FEFC6 C6=2E:@?D9:A] %96D6 A6@A=6 92G6 C6=2E:@?D9:AD] %96J 2C6 FD]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %96J’C6 >6>36CD @7 @FC 4@>>F?:EJ]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i tI24E=J] xE’D E96 9@FD6 ?6IE 5@@C[ :E’D E96 @?6 5@H? E96 DEC66E] p?5 H6 9@A6 E92E H6 42? AC6G6?E 9@>:4:56D 3642FD6 E92E’D H@CDE\42D6 D46?2C:@] qFE E92E’D E96 C62=:EJ[ @FC C62=:EJ] (6 92G6 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E A6@A=6 2C6 :? E96 36DE A@D:E:@? E@ 42CCJ @? 2?5 9@A67F==J D276=J[ 2?5 9@A67F==J :? 2 36EE6C H2J] q642FD6 >@DE A6@A=6 5@?’E H2?E E@ 36 :?G@=G65 :? G:@=6?46[ H96E96C E96J FD6 :E @C H96E96C E96J C646:G6 :E[ @C H96E96C :E’D 3@E9 \ 7C6BF6?E=J :E’D 2 >:IEFC6 @7 2== E9C66] }@3@5J H2?ED E@ 36 :? 2 C6=2E:@?D9:A H96C6 E92E’D 92AA6?:?8] xE’D 2 C62==J F?4@>7@CE23=6 A=246 E@ 36]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x’> 4FC:@FD[ x’G6 962C5 J@F 6IAC6DD E9:D A@D:E:@? @? {@?8 rC66< D:>:=2C=J[ E92E :7 E96C6 H6C6 2=E6C?2E:G6D @FE E96C6[ E92E J@F H@F=5 36 >@C6 :? 72G@C @7 E9@D6 E92? E96 “3=F?E” E@@=D E92E H6 92G6 ?@H] xD E92E 4@CC64Enk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i |J 4@?46C? H:E9 {@?8 rC66<[ 2?5 x’> 42C67F= 3642FD6 x’G6 D2:5 E9:D 367@C6 2?5 A6@A=6 2C6 :>>65:2E6=J ,=:<6.[ ~9[ J@F H2?E E@ <66A {@?8 rC66< @A6?]k^Am
kAm{@?8 rC66< :D 2 3F:=5:?8 E92E’D @H?65 2?5 @A6C2E65 3J E96 s6A2CE>6?E @7 r@CC64E:@?D] xE >2?286D 2 G6CJ D>2== A6C46?E286D @7 E96 49:=5C6? E92E 2C6 :?G@=G65 :? E96 ;FG6?:=6 ;FDE:46 DJDE6>] |@C6 E92? 92=7 @7 E96 A6@A=6 :? {@?8 rC66< 2C6 4@>>:EE65[ 2C6 25;F5:42E65 :? E96C6 2C6 24EF2==J `g\a` J62C @=5D]k^Am
kAm{@?8 rC66< 92D 2 A=246 C:89E ?@H] qJ =2H[ 3J DE2EFE6[ 3J H92E H6’C6 DFAA@D65 E@ 5@ H:E9 E96 ;FG6?:=6 DJDE6>[ H6’C6 DFAA@D65 E@ D66< E96 =62DE C6DEC:4E:G6 >62?D] p DE6A\5@H? :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ 2?5 E96 724:=:EJ H@F=5 36 2 DE6A\5@H? 7@C {@?8 rC66< 2D {@?8 rC66< :D E96 >@DE C6DEC:4E:G6 >62?D 2G2:=23=6j x 42?’E E9:?< @7 2?JE9:?8 >@C6 C6DEC:4E:G6]k^Am
kAm$@ :7 E96C6’D 2 DE6A\5@H?[ E96? :7 E92E’D 2? 2AAC@AC:2E6 D6EE:?8[ H6 H@F=5 D6?5 <:5D E96C6] %92E H@F=5 36 E96 8@2=] w@A67F==J[ H6 H@F=5?’E 36 D6?5:?8 A@@C <:5D E96C6 E92E 2C6 4FCC6?E=J :? 4FDE@5J 3FE E96C6 H@F=5 36 E9:D A=246 H96C6 H6 4@F=5 5@ C62= H@C<]k^Am
kAm{@?8 rC66< 92D 8@@5 :?E6?E:@?D] {@?8 rC66< H2?ED E@ C6923:=:E2E6 <:5D 3FE E96C6 2C6 A6@A=6 E96C6[ `g\a` J62C @=5D[ E96J 2C6 <:5D 3FE E96J 2C6 ?@E 49:=5C6? E649?:42==J[ E92E ?665 2 =@E >@C6 E92? H6 42? AC@G:56 :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ 2?5 6G6? {@?8 rC66< 42? AC@G:56] p?5 H6 D6?5 E96> @FE @7 DE2E6 \ H9:49 :D[ x 42?’E :>28:?6 9@H J@F D6?5 D@>6@?6 @FE @7 DE2E6 7@C EC62E>6?E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m tDA64:2==J 2 <:5]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i p?J3@5JP *@F 86E E92E 5:D4@??64E65] x7 J@F’C6 86EE:?8 EC62E>6?E[ J@F’C6 >2<:?8 2 4@>>F?:EJ D@>6H96C6 6=D6 2?5 E96? J@F’C6 3C@F89E 324< 96C6] p?5 J@F’C6 6IA64E65 E@ DFCG:G6 H9:=6 E96 6?E:C6 ?6EH@C< J@F 4C62E65 :D 56DEC@J65 — E92E’D :?D2?6]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m p?5 H92E >6DD286 2C6 J@F 86EE:?8[ H96C6 J@F’C6 36:?8 E@=5 E92E H6’C6 6I:=:?8 J@F E@ }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 7@C EC62E>6?E[ @C H96C6G6C]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i }6H w2>AD9:C6[ 7C6BF6?E=J] p3D@=FE6=J] (6 925 D@>6 AC@8C2>>:?8[ x 5@?’E E9:?< :E H2D 6?@F89] g\`_ J62CD 28@ H6 925 >@C6 @AE:@?D] x 56DA6C2E6=J >:DD E9@D6 @AE:@?D] x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ AFE <:5D :? E9@D6 @AE:@?D] x 925 4=:6?ED E92E H@F=5 92G6 36?67:E65 7C@> E92E] x 92G6 ;FG6?:=6D E92E x’> H@C<:?8 7@C ?@H[ E96C6 2C6 <:5D E92E H6 H@C< H:E9 E92E H6 H@F=5 23D@=FE6=J =@G6 E@ D6?5 :? E92E D6EE:?8]k^Am
kAm%96 56A2CE>6?E 92D ?@E 366? H:==:?8 @C 23=6 E@ E2<6 4FDE@5J @7 <:5D :? @FC DJDE6> 7C6BF6?E=J[ H9:49 :D 2 AC@3=6> 3642FD6 E96C6 2C6 <:5D H9@ 4@F=5 36 7:?6 :? 2 4@>>F?:EJ D6EE:?8 3FE E96 A=246D 2G2:=23=6 E@ E96> 4FCC6?E=J 2C6 ?@E 2AAC@AC:2E6 7@C H92E6G6C C62D@?] p?5 D@ J629[ x E9:?< {@?8 rC66< H:== :? D@>6 H2JD E2<6 42C6 @7 :ED6=7] x 5@?’E D66 FD 7F?4E:@?:?8 H:E9@FE D@>6 D@CE @7 =@4<65 724:=:EJ 2E D@>6 A@:?E]k^Am
kAm%96C6 2C6 D@>6 ;FG6?:=6D E92E 4@>>:E AC6EEJ D:8?:7:42?E 4C:>:?2= 24ED E92E :7 E96J H6C6 492C865 2D 25F=ED H@F=5 36 D6C:@FD[ D@>6 @7 E96 >@DE D6C:@FD 4C:>6D H6 92G6] (6 ?665 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E96 4@>>F?:EJ :D D276 3FE H6 2=D@ ?665 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E E96J’C6 36:?8 E2<6? 42C6 @7]k^Am
kAmx’> 2=D@ C62==J 4@?46C?65 23@FE E92E `g\a` J62C @=5 A@AF=2E:@?] x <?@H E96 @E96C >@56=D[ 2 =@E @7 DE2E6D[ 3:?5 @G6C <:5D[ 2 =@E @7 DE2E6D `e\J62C\@=5D[ `f\J62C\@=5D :? 2? 25F=E DJDE6>] x 2> 23D@=FE6=J `__ A6C46?E @AA@D65 :?E@ >@G:?8 2?J@?6 F?56C E96 286 @7 `g :?E@ E96 25F=E DJDE6>]k^Am
kAmx >62?[ 4@F=5 J@F 4@>6 FA H:E9 2 D6E @7 4:C4F>DE2?46D E92E 7:?5 E9@D6 2AAC@AC:2E6n |2J36… x 92G6?’E D66? :E J6E] (6’G6 ?6G6C 925 2 3:?5\@G6C 5FC:?8 >J E:>6 @7 36:?8 2 AC@D64FE@C :? >J @77:46[ E96C6’G6 366? @E96CD 3FE]]] xE’D 2? 6IEC6>6=J C2C6 E@@= 96C6[ :E D9@F=5 4@?E:?F6 E@ 36 2? 6IEC6>6=J C2C6 E@@=] x H@F=5?’E H2?E :E 7@C E9@D6 `g E@ a_\J62C\@=5D :? E96 25F=E DJDE6>] x H@F=5 36 @AA@D65 E@ :E] x H@F=5 36 @AA@D65 E@ 2?JE9:?8 E92E 5@6D E92E 2D H6==]k^Am
kAmx <?@H E96J’C6 ?@E <:5D E649?:42==J 3FE E96J’C6 E96C6 7@C ;FG6?:=6 @776?D6D[ E96J’C6 J@F?8 25F=ED[ E96:C 3C2:?D 2C6 ?@E 7F==J 56G6=@A65[ D@ x 2> F?4@>7@CE23=6 H:E9 2?J DJDE6> E92E D2JD[ H6==[ H6’== ;FDE E2<6 E96 ;FG6?:=6 A@AF=2E:@? 2?5 H6’== AFE E96> :?E@ E96 4@>>F?:EJ 2?5 :7 E92E =62G6D E96 `g E@ a_\J62C\@=5D :? rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ @C (:?592>[ x’> ?@E @? 3@2C5 7@C E92E] x’> ?@E]k^Am
kAm(6 92G6 E@ E2<6 :?E@ 244@F?E 6G6CJ@?6 E96C6] p?5 :7 H6 4@F=5 562= H:E9 <:5D H9@ 2C6 `g @C `h[ H9@ 2C6 E649?:42==J 25F=ED[ 2?5 H9@ 2C6 4@>>:EE:?8 @776?D6D @C ?@E 36:?8 23=6 E@ 36 DF446DD7F= :? E96:C AC@32E:@?[ x H@F=5 >F49 AC676C E96> E@ 36 :? {@?8 rC66< E92? 2? 25F=E 724:=:EJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m ~3G:@FD=J E96 sp’D @77:46 92D 2 =@E @7 A@H6C[ ?@E ;FDE :? E6C>D @7 5:D4C6E:@?[ 3FE 2=D@ A@=:E:42= 4=@FE] x E9:?< :E’D 2 G6CJ A@H6C7F= @77:46] (6’G6 D66? E92E A@H6C 36:?8 FD65 E@ 25G@42E6 7@C DEC@?86C[ >@C6 AF?:E:G6 2AAC@2496D E@ 5CF8 @776?D6D 2?5 E9:?8D =:<6 E92E] x’> H@?56C:?8[ :? E96 42D6 @7 H92E J@F’C6 56D4C:3:?8 H:E9 {@?8 rC66<[ H:E9 :E E2<:?8 42C6 @7 :ED6=7[ @C :7 H6’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE H:E9 E96 25F=E DJDE6>[ :7 E96C6 H6C6 2=E6C?2E:G6D E92E H@F=5 36 8C62E[ 3FE H6 5@?’E 92G6 E96>…k^9bm
k9bms@ J@F D66 :E 2D 2 C@=6 @7 E96 @77:46 E@ 36 2 G@42= AC@A@?6?E[ ?@E ;FDE E@ DFAA@CE E96D6 E9:?8D 2?5 D2J[ H6==[ :7 E96J 42>6 E@ FD[ E96? x H@F=5 36 DFAA@CE:G6] (@F=5 J@F 8@ @FE 2?5 FD6 E92E 4=@FE E@ AFD9 7@C E9@D6 E9:?8Dnk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i $@ E96 |2:?6 !C@D64FE@CD pDD@4:2E:@? :D E96 @C82?:K2E:@? E92E @G6CD66D :E] xE’D =65 3J 2== E96 spD] %96 H2J E96J 5@ E9:?8D :D 2 >@C6 4@?D6CG2E:G6 >6E9@5 — ?@E E96 8C@FA :ED6=7[ x 5@?’E H2?E E@ =236= E96>[ 3FE E96J 92G6 E96:C @H? A@=:4J :E6>D E92E E96J 86E :?G@=G65 H:E9 2?5 E9:?8D E92E E96J 5@]k^Am
kAmx 5@F3E E92E E92E 8C@FA H@F=5 E2<6 2 DEC@?8 DE2?46 :? E9:D >2EE6C] qFE 2D 2? :?5:G:5F2= sp[ J@F D6E A@=:4J] *@F 46CE2:?=J 92G6 2 =@F56C G@:46 E92? @E96CD 3642FD6 J@F 92G6 E96 A@H6C @7 E96 @77:46] p?5 J@F 2=D@ 92G6 E96[ x 5@?’E H2?E E@ FD6 E96 H@C5 >2?52E6[ 3FE :7 J@F 86E 6=64E65[ J@F 46CE2:?=J 92G6 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 DFAA@CE:?8 J@F :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ H9@ 2C6 E96 4@?DE:EF6?4J @7 rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ[ :? E9:D 42D6] $@ J629[ x 5@ D66 E92E]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E92E H6’C6 92G:?8 E96 5:D4FDD:@? 23@FE {@?8 rC66<] xE’D =@F5[ :E’D @FE E96C6] x 92G6 2 ?F2?465 2AAC@249[ x 2AAC64:2E6 E92E A6@A=6 5@?’E H2?E E@ =:DE6? E@ E96 6?E:C6 :7’D[ 2?5’D[ @C 3FE’D…k^Am
kAmqFE J6D[ E96 sp 92D 2 C@=6 :? E92E 5:D4FDD:@?] p3D@=FE6=J] (6 92G6 2 ;FG6?:=6 AC@D64FE@C :? rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ H9@ 92D C62==J 565:42E65 96C =:76 E@ ;FG6?:=6 ;FDE:46 2?5 C62==J >@G:?8 ;FG6?:=6 ;FDE:46 :? 2 A@D:E:G6 5:C64E:@?] (6 92G6 C65F465 E96 A@AF=2E:@? @7 {@?8 rC66< 5@H? E@ 2=>@DE 2 BF2CE6C @C 2 E9:C5 @7 H92E 92D 9:DE@C:42==J 366? 2?5 D9FE 5@H? ;FG6?:=6 724:=:E:6D] $@ x E9:?< E96C6 92G6 366? D@>6 A@D:E:G6 DE6AD] %92E 5@6D ?@E >62? H6’C6 5@?6 3FE E96C6 92G6 366? A@D:E:G6 DE6AD 2?5 x E9:?< E96C6 :D 2 =@E @7 4=@FE J6D]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m |J ?6IE BF6DE:@? :D 5@ J@F E9:?< E92E C6=2AD6 D9@F=5 36 A6?2=:K65 2D 2 4@?5:E:@? @7 AC@32E:@? @C A2CE:4:A2E:@? :? 2 5:G6CD:@? AC@8C2>nk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i }@] x 36=:6G6 :? D4:6?46] x 42?’E 36=:6G6 x 92G6 E@ D2J E92E :? E9:D 52J 2?5 286]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@F 5@Pk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i x 36=:6G6 :? D4:6?46 2?5 6G:56?46\32D65 AC24E:46D] qFE x 2> ?@E 2 D4:6?E:DE[ x 2> 2 =2HJ6C] x =:<6 36:?8 2 =2HJ6C] (92E D4:6?46 E6==D FD C:89E ?@H 23@FE E96 36DE >6E9@5 2?5 23@FE 9@H C64@G6CJ 24EF2==J H@C<D :? C62= =:76 :D E92E C6=2AD6 :D 2 A2CE @7 C64@G6CJ]k^Am
kAm$@ H6 92G6 E@ 92G6 DJDE6>D E92E E2<6 E92E :?E@ 244@F?E 2?5 2AAC64:2E6 E92E] !6C:@5] (6 2=D@ ?665 2446DD E@ >65:42==J E6DE65 EC62E>6?E] (6 ?665 6?@F89 AC@G:56CD E@ 36 23=6 E@ 5@ E92E] (6 ?665 H9@=6 HC2A\2C@F?5 D6CG:46D]k^Am
kAmqFE ?@[ :7 J@F C6=2AD6 @?6 E:>6 J@F D9@F=5 ?@E 36 <:4<65 @FE @7 E96D6 AC@8C2>D] xE ?665D E@ 36 =@@<65 2E :? 2 4@?E:?FF>] x7 J@F C6=2AD6 J@F 8@ DEC2:89E 324< E@ ;2:=[ 23D@=FE6=J ?@E[ E92E’D 4@F?E6C\:?5:42E:G6 :? 6G6CJ DEF5J E92E x’G6 6G6C C625 23@FE E9:D E92E x 36=:6G6]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m (92E :D J@FC A@D:E:@? @? ;2:=:?8 4C:>6 H:E?6DD6D 2?5 G:4E:>D 7@C E6DE:>@?Jnk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i p82:?DE :E] x 5@?’E E9:?< :E’D 2 8@@5 AC24E:46] %@ >J <?@H=6586[ :E’D @?=J 92AA6?65 :? |2:?6 2 4@FA=6 E:>6D] xE 92AA6?65 @FE @7 >J @77:46] %@ 36 7C2?<[ x <?@H H92E 42D6 E96J’C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE]k^Am
kAm(6 ?665 E@ FD6 6G6CJ >6E9@5 2E @FC 5:DA@D2= 2?5 :? 2 <:?5 2?5 F?56CDE2?5:?8 H2J E@ 86E G:4E:>D E@ 4@@A6C2E6 H:E9 FD] ~C 2E =62DE E@ @36J DF3A@6?2D] x 5@?’E E9:?< H6 D9@F=5 5@ E92E F?=6DD H6 24EF2==J 92G6 E@]k^Am
kAmp?5 H96? x C625 23@FE E92E[ :E’D G6CJ 5:D962CE6?:?8] x H2D :?G@=G65 :? E96 42D6 H96C6 E92E 92AA6?65[ E@ 36 E@E2==J 9@?6DE[ 2?5 x H:D9 E96C6 H2D 2?@E96C H2J] x 5@?’E 6G6C H2?E E@ AFE 4C:>6 G:4E:>D :? ;2:=]k^Am
kAm%92E 36:?8 D2:5[ :E 92AA6?D] qFE :E’D 92AA6?65 @?46 :? E96 @77:46 E92E x’> :?] x’G6 ?6G6C 962C5 @7 :E :? 2?J @E96C @77:46 5FC:?8 >J E6C>D 96C6] x <?@H :E’D A:4<:?8 FA] x C625 2? 2CE:4=6 J6DE6C52J 23@FE 2 AC@D64FE@C H9@’D DE2CE:?8 E@ 5@ :E 2 =@E 3FE x 5@?’E 36=:6G6 E92E A6CD@? :D :? |2:?6[ x 36=:6G6 E92E H2D :? 2 5:776C6?E DE2E6]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m xE 92AA6?D >@C6 :? @E96C DE2E6D] !C@323=J ?@E D@ >F49 96C6[ 3FE…k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i xE D9@F=5?’E DE2CE 92AA6?:?8 96C6] $9@F=5 :E 36 2==@H65 :? C2C6 4:C4F>DE2?46Dn x 42? E9:?< @7 2 4:C4F>DE2?46 H96C6 :E D9@F=5 36 2==@H65] $9@F=5 :E 36 4@>>@? AC24E:46n }@] (@F=5 x =:<6 E@ D66 :E >@C6 @7E6? E92? 6G6CJ `_ J62CDn }@] s@ x 6G6C H2?E E@ D66 :En }@] s@ x E9:?< :E D9@F=5 36 6=:>:?2E65 6?E:C6=Jn x 5@?’E =:<6 E@ 6=:>:?2E6 @AE:@?D 2?5 282:?[ x’> 2 =2HJ6C[ x 42? E9:?< @7 :? E9:D 42D6 E96C6 >:89E 92G6 E@ 36]k^Am
kAmqFE E96 >@DE 5:DEC6DD:?8[ @?6 @7 E96 >@DE 5:DEC6DD:?8 42D6D x 562=E H:E9 H2D EH@ <:5D[ `c 2?5 ``\:D9 ;FG6?:=6D H9@ H6C6 E2<6? @FE @7 E96:C >@> 7C@> 2?@E96C DE2E6 2?5 3C@F89E 96C6 E@ |2:?6 3642FD6 E96 ;FG6?:=6 4@FCE :? E96 @E96C DE2E6 :DDF65 2 H2CC2?E 7@C E96> 2?5 E96J H6C6 96=5 :? 4FDE@5J :? {@?8 rC66< F?E:= E96 DE2E6 42>6 2?5 A:4<65 E96> FA] %96 :562 @7 AFEE:?8 EH@ G:4E:>D :? {@?8 rC66< 3642FD6 E96:C A2C6?ED 564:565 E@ 23D4@?5 H:E9 E96> H2D :?9F>2?6] $@ 2D 2 CF=6[ x 5@?’E =:<6 AFEE:?8 2?J@?6 :?E@ 4FDE@5J]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Ik^6>m $@ :E H@F=5?’E 36 D@>6E9:?8 J@F H@F=5 92G6 @? E96 E23=6 2E 2== E:>6D] qFE E96C6 >:89E 36 2 4:C4F>DE2?46 H96C6 J@F H@F=5…k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i x H@F=5 92G6 E@ A6CD@?2==J 36 :?G@=G65 :? E92E 5:D4FDD:@? 2?5 x H@F=5 92G6 E@ D:8? @77 @? :E] xE H@F=5 ?@E 36 D@>6E9:?8 E92E H@F=5 36 =:<6[ @9[ :? E9:D 42D6 J@F 42? 5@ E92E] }@] p?5 x H@F=5 9@A6 E@ ?6G6C FD6 :E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m *@F 2C6 E96 @?=J s6>@4C2E H9@ DFAA@CED 6?5:?8 42D9 32:= 6?E:C6=J 2?5 C6A=24:?8 :E H:E9 C:D< 2DD6DD>6?E] x’> H@?56C:?8 :7 J@F’G6 962C5 D@>6 @7 E96 4C:E:BF6D @7 C:D< 2DD6DD>6?E E@@=D 2?5 :7 J@F 92G6 2?J A=2?D E@ >:E:82E6 E9@D6 :DDF6D] u@C 6I2>A=6[ E96J 2C6 @7E6? 32D65 @? 52E2 E92E 92D C24:2= 3:2D @C E96:C 244FC24J 92D J6E E@ 36 AC@G6?] p?5 E@ 36 4=62C[ x E9:?< >@DE A6@A=6 H9@ @AA@D6 42D9 32:= 2C6 H:==:?8 E@ 6IA6C:>6?E] *@F’C6 ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 86E E9:D C:89E E96 7:CDE E:>6 2?5 D@ @? 2?5 D@ 7@CE9]k^9bm
k9bmqFE >J BF6DE:@? :D[ 5@ J@F 92G6 2?J C6DA@?D6 E@ E9@D6 4@?46C?Dn (:== J@F 36 EC2?DA2C6?E 23@FE E96D6 :DDF6D :7 E96C6 :D 2 EFC? E@ C:D<\2DD6DD>6?En (:== J@F 36 EC2?DA2C6?E 23@FE E96> 2?5 AC@G:56 D@>6 D@CE @7 AF3=:4 H2J E@ 6G2=F2E6 E9@D6 AC@8C2>Dnk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i *6D[ x 6>3C246 42D9=6DD 32:= 3642FD6 x 36=:6G6 32:= C:89E ?@H :D C62==J 2C3:EC2CJ] x 36=:6G6 E96C6 :D 2? :>A=:4:E 3:2D :? E96 4FCC6?E DJDE6>] x E9:?< E96C6’D =68:E:>2E6 4C:E:BF6D @7 2?J DJDE6>]k^Am
kAmx 5@?’E 36=:6G6 42D9=6DD 32:= D9@F=5 36 4@>A=6E6=J :? 2 G24FF>[ =:<6 E9:D :D :E[ @?6 2?5 5@?6] %96C6’D 2 =@E @7 8@@5 DEF5:6D 7C@> 24C@DD E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D \ sr[ !9:=256=A9:2 \ @7 2 ?6H6C[ >@C6 @7 2 >@56= E92E H6 H@F=5 92G6 E@ 7@==@H 2?5 x’== 86E 324< E@ E92E :? 2 D64@?5] qFE E96C6’D 2 =@E @7 A=246D E92E 92G6 6IA6C:>6?E65 H:E9 :E] {:<6 sr 92D `_ J62CD @7 52E2] %92E’D 96=A7F=] $@ E96C6 2C6 >6E9@5D E92E H6 42? FD6 E@ 6G2=F2E6 :E]k^Am
kAm(6 H@F=5 ?665 E@ 4@==64E 52E2 @? E96 :DDF6D[ H9:49 H6 5@?’E 4FCC6?E=J 4@==64E @? 2?JE9:?8 2?JH2J] $@ 2?J 52E2 :D 36EE6C E92? ?@ 52E2] qFE H6 H@F=5 H2?E E@ >2<6 DFC6[ x 8F6DD :7 E96C6’D 2 D:=G6C =:?:?8 :? E96 724E E92E H6 <?@H ?@E9:?8 23@FE @FC :?7@C>2E:@?[ H6 4@F=5 2E =62DE 4C62E6 2 9@A67F==J 2 8@@5 E@@= E@ 4@==64E 52E2 D@ H6 42? E2<6 :?E@ 244@F?E 6G6CJE9:?8 H6’C6 E2<:?8 :?E@ 244@F?E] x E9:?< E92E ?665D E@ 36 4C62E65 7@C 42D6D ?@ >2EE6C H92E[ AC6\EC:2= 2?5 A@DE 4@?G:4E:@?] x E9:?< E96C6’D 3:2D :? E96 DJDE6> 2=C625J]k^Am
kAmqFE x 5@?’E E9:?< E96 4C:E:BF6D @7 42D9=6DD 32:= 42? 36 6BF2==J 2AA=:65 E@ E96 32:= AC@46DD 4FCC6?E=J] %96 32:= AC@46DD 4FCC6?E=J :D D9C@F565 :? >JDE6CJ 3642FD6 E96 ?F>36CD 2C6 2C3:EC2CJ] %96J C62==J 2C6] $@ E96 AC@3=6> >:89E EC2?D76C 3FE :E’D ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 4C62E6 E96D6 H9@=6 ?6H AC@3=6>D]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %92E’D E96 4@?46C? H:E9 A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6 2=D@ 282:?DE 42D9 32:= 3FE H9@ 2C6 4@?46C?65 23@FE[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ |:4C@D@7E 86EE:?8 :?E@ C:D<\2DD6DD>6?E E649?@=@8J 2?5 x E9:?< D@>6 A6@A=6 2C6 H2CJ @7 9@H E96 2=8@C:E9>D 2C6 56G6=@A65]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i qFE H6 42? 4@?EC@= 7@C :E :7 H6 4@==64E E92E :?7@C>2E:@?[ H9:49 :D 8@@5] p?5 E96 36?67:E @7 C:D<\2DD6DD>6?E :D E92E E96J D9@F=5 36 \ 2?5 D9@F=5 :D 2 3:8 H@C5[ J@F 4@F=5 5C:G6 2 3FD E9C@F89 :E \ E96J D9@F=5 36 @3;64E:G6]k^Am
kAmx H@F=5 =:<6 E@ E6== J@F E92E x 2> 2H2C6 @7 :>A=:4:E 3:2D 2?5 x 2> 2?5 x 92G6 366? EC2:?65 @7 :>A=:4:E 3:2D 2?5 x ECJ E@ >2<6 >JD6=7 2H2C6] qFE @FC D@4:6EJ[ 6DA64:2==J :? |2:?6[ :D D@ A6C>62E65[ J@F <?@H[ H6 2C6 DH:>>:?8 :? H9:E6 DFAC6>24J] p?5 E92E’D ?@E D@>6E9:?8 E@ 36 36 2D92>65 @7] %92E’D D@>6E9:?8 E92E H6 ?665 E@ 2446AE 2?5 E96? H6 ?665 E@ E2<6 E96 ?6IE DE6A 7@CH2C5]k^Am
kAmw@H 5@ H6 4@?EC@= 7@C E92En x E9:?< @3;64E:G6 E@@=D 42? 96=A H:E9 E92E] pC6 E96J E96 6?5\2== 36\2==n }@] %96C6 DE:== 92D E@ 36 4@>>@? D6?D6[ E96C6 DE:== 92D E@ 36 2 C6G:6H @7 E96 724ED[ 2 C6G:6H @7 6G6CJE9:?8 E92E H@F=5 6?E6C :?E@ E92E]k^Am
kAmx 5@?’E E9:?< E96C6’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 2 >28:4 3F==6E @? 32:=] (6 D9@F=5 DEF5J :E] (6 D9@F=5 DEF5J E@ D66 9@H 2C6 H6 2==@42E:?8 E92E[ 9@H 2C6 H6 2==@42E:?8 4@?5:E:@?D[ 9@H 5@ H6 724E@C C246 :?E@ E96D6 564:D:@?D] x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ <?@H E96 2?DH6C E@ E92E BF6DE:@?] q642FD6 9@A67F==J H6 86E E@ 2 A=246 H96C6 H6 2C6 ?@E 724E@C:?8 :? C246 :?E@ E96D6 564:D:@?D 2?5 A6@A=6 42? D66 E92E 2?5 766= E92E E96 DJDE6> :D 72:C] %96 DJDE6> ?665D E@ 36 72:C 3FE A6@A=6 2=D@ 92G6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ D66 E92E E96 DJDE6> :D 72:C E@ 92G6 36=:67 :ED :?E68C:EJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m #:89E[ 2?5 =68:E:>24J]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i q@E9 @7 E9@D6 E9:?8D 2C6 :>A@CE2?E]k^Am
kAm$@ E96C6’D EH@ E9:?8D E92E x H2?E E@ 5@ H:E9 EC2?DA2C6?4J] ~?6 :D[ x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ C2:D6 E96 G:D:3:=:EJ @7 E96 sp’D @77:46[ x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ 92G6 2? @A6? 5@@C A@=:4J D@ H6 42? 5:D4FDD E9:D] x 2=D@ H2?E E@ 4C62E6 2? 25G:D@CJ 4@>>:EE66 E@ H@C< H:E9 E96 sp 23@FE A@=:4:6D] $@ :7 H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ >2<6 E96D6 DH66A:?8 492?86D…k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m p?5 H@F=5 E92E 36 =:<6 2 4@>>F?:EJ 25G:D@CJ 4@>>:EE66nk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i *6D[ E92E’D E96 <6J] $@ DE2<69@=56CD :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ H9@ 766= E92E E96 DJDE6> ?665D E@ 36 C67@C>65]k^Am
kAmx 2> A@D:E:G6 E92E x 42?’E E6== J@F 6G6CJ3@5J’D A@D:E:@?] x’G6 E2=<65 E@ >2?J A6@A=6 7C@> 2 G2C:6EJ @7 324<8C@F?5D] s@ x F?56CDE2?5 6G6CJE9:?8 E96J’C6 D2J:?8 E@ >6 2== E96 E:>6n }@] p?5 D@ x E9:?< :E’D :>A@CE2?E E@ 92G6 E92E 5:D4FDD:@? 2?5 >2<6 E9@D6 564:D:@?D :? 2 56=:36C2E6 >2??6C] p?5 H6 ?665 7665324< 2D H6==]k^Am
kAmp82:?[ :E’D :>A@CE2?E E92E E96 DJDE6> :D 72:C 2?5 H6 92G6 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E :D] qFE H6 2=D@ 92G6 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E A6@A=6 F?56CDE2?5 E92E 2?5 36=:6G6 E92E 2?5 D66 :E] pC6 H6 8@:?8 E@ 42E49 6G6CJ3@5Jn }@[ 3FE 2E =62DE :7 A6@A=6 766= =:<6 E96C6’D 2 A=246 E92E E96J 42? 92G6 2 G@:46 2?5 E96J 42? F?56CDE2?5 H9J 564:D:@?D 2C6 36:?8 >256[ J@F 42? 2E =62DE @776C E92E 2?5 F?56CDE2?5 H9J] xE’D :>A@CE2?E E92E A6@A=6 766= E92E :E’D 72:C] %92E 766=:?8 @7 :>A@CE2?46 :D ;FDE 2D :>A@CE2?E] $@ x E9:?< E92E’D E96 36DE H2J E@ 5@ E92E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m %92E H@F=5 36 8C62E[ 6DA64:2==J D:?46[ @?6 @7 E96 :DDF6D :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ[ 2?5 x’G6 =:G65 :? @E96C 3:886C 4:E:6D[ 2?5 x’G6 D66? E96D6 E9:?8D A=2J @FE :? A=246D E92E 92G6 2 =:EE=6 3:E >@C6 @7 :DDF6D E92? rF>36C=2?5 4@F?EJ] }@E E@ D2J E92E rF>36C=2?5 4@F?EJ 5@6D?’E 92G6 AC@3=6>D[ 3FE E96 sp 2?5 AC@D64FE@CD :? 86?6C2=[ E96C6’D ?@E 2 =@E @7 @G6CD:89E]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i %96C6’D ?@ @G6CD:89E] %96C6’D 2 564:D:@? 7C@> E96 7656C2= 36?49 23@FE E92E] {:<6 E96 sp’D 564:D:@? @? 42D6D :D E96 564:D:@? @? 42D6D] (96? J@F 6=64E E92E A6CD@? J@F 92G6 8:G6? E96> E92E A@H6C[ E92E 5:D4C6E:@?]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m (6==[ @?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D x’G6 366? 2D<:?8 E96 42?5:52E6D 23@FE :D :? E96 23D6?46 @7 2? @G6CD:89E >6492?:D>[ 9@H 5@ J@F :>AC@G6 E92E 766=:?8 @7 =68:E:>24J :? E96 AF3=:4n *@F >6?E:@?65 E9:D 25G:D@CJ 4@>>:EE66[ E96 EC2?DA2C6?4J[ E96 52E2]]]k^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i %C2?DA2C6?4J] %C2?DA2C6?4J 2D :?[ ?@E ;FDE E96 52E2[ A6@A=6 92G6 E@ D66 J@F :? E96 4@>>F?:EJ] *@F 92G6 E@ D9@H FA 2E E96:C >66E:?8D] *@F 92G6 E@ 36 H:==:?8 E@ E2=< E@ A6@A=6] *@F 92G6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ 255C6DD D:EF2E:@?D 72:C=J]k^Am
kAm*@F 92G6 E@ 2446AE 4C:E:4:D>D] *@F 92G6 E@ 2446AE 4C:E:4:D>D 72:C=J[ 2?5 C6DA@?5 2?5 ?@E\C6DA@?5] !6@A=6 92G6 2 C:89E E@ ?@E =:<6 H92E J@F 5@[ E92E’D @<2J[ J@F 42?’E 492?86 E92E] qFE E96J 92G6 C:89E E@ <?@H H92E J@F’C6 5@:?8 2?5 H9J J@F’C6 5@:?8 E92E]k^Am
kAmp sp’D 2? 6=64E65 A@D:E:@?[ J@F 2C6 9:C:?8 2? 2EE@C?6J H96? J@F 6=64E 2 sp] *@F 2C6 9:C:?8 2? 2EE@C?6J E@ 562= H:E9 2== @7 E96 4C:>:?2= AC@46DD] p?5 H96? J@F 9:C6 D@>63@5J[ J@F 92G6 E96 C:89E E@ 244@F?E23:=:EJ] (6’C6 ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 86E 6G6CJ@?6 :? rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ E@ 28C66 H:E9 H92E E96J D9@F=5 5@ @? 2?J 42D6] x 42? 8F2C2?E66 J@F E92E 6G6CJ D:?8=6 42D6[ E96C6 H:== 36 a D:56D @C c D:56D 2?5 >2J36 `_ D:56D]k^Am
kAmp sp D9@F=5 36 23=6 E@ E2<6 :?E@ 244@F?E 6G6CJE9:?8 2?5 36 96=5 244@F?E23=6 7@C E96:C 24E:@?D] %92E’D ?@E D@>6E9:?8 E@ 36 D42C65 @7] %92E 8@6D H:E9 E96 ;@3] %92E’D J@FC ;@3[ E@ 36 96=5 244@F?E23=6 7@C E92E 564:D:@?] x7 A6@A=6 5@?’E =:<6 :E[ H6 >2<6 492?86D] %92E 5@6D?’E >62? J@F 36?5 H:E9 E96 H:?5] xE >62?D E92E J@F >2<6 492?86D E92E 2C6 5676?D:3=6 32D65 @? 8@@5 AC24E:46] p?5 :7 E96J’C6 ?@E[ E96? J@F 6G@=G6 J@FC AC24E:46 D@ E92E J@F 5@ E96 C:89E E9:?8] q642FD6 F=E:>2E6=J E96 ;@3 @7 E96 sp :D E@ 5@ ;FDE:46] xE’D 2D 4@>A=6E6=J 2>@CA9@FD 2D E92E 2?5 2D 4@>A=6E6=J 4@?4C6E6 2D E92E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m x7 6=64E65[ H@F=5 J@FC @77:46 4C62E6 2 4@?G:4E:@? :?E68C:EJ F?:E E@ :?G6DE:82E6 4=2:>D @7 :??@46?46 2?5 HC@?87F= 4@?G:4E:@?nk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i }@[ 3642FD6 E96C6’D ?@E E96 23:=:EJ E@ 5@ E92E @? 2 >:4C@ =6G6= H:E9 E96 sp’D @77:46D] %96C6 :D 2 >@G6>6?E E@ 4C62E6 E92E 7@C E96 DE2E6 =6G6=[ 7@C 6G6CJ3@5J] p?5 x G6CJ >F49 DFAA@CE E92E]k^Am
kAmx 96=A65 DE2CE 2? :??@46?46 AC@;64E] %92E H2D E96 7:CDE C6D62C49\2DD:DE2?46 @? E96 :??@46?46 AC@;64E 2E E96 $49FDE6C x?DE:EFE6] xE’D DE:== 8@:?8 @?] x’> G6CJ AC@F5 @7 E92E H@C<]k^Am
kAm(C@?87F= 4@?G:4E:@?D 6I:DE] (6 92G6 2? @3=:82E:@? 2D AC@D64FE@CD E@ :?G6DE:82E6 E96>[ E2<6 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ 7@C E96>[ 2?5 4@CC64E HC@?8 E92E H6 >2<6] x 7F==J DFAA@CE D6EE:?8 E92E FA] x 5@?’E 36=:6G6 E92E :E D9@F=5 36 5@?6 @? 2? @77:46\3J\@77:46 42D6 7@C EH@ C62D@?D]k^Am
kAm~FC @77:46D 2C6 E@@ D>2==] rF>36C=2?5 r@F?EJ :D E96 3:886DE @77:46 2?5 E96C6’D =6DD E92? a_ AC@D64FE@CD :? E92E @77:46] *@F 42?’E :?G6DE:82E6 D@>63@5J :? 2? @77:46 @7 a_ A6@A=6] x H@F=5?’E ECFDE E92E :?G6DE:82E:@? 36:?8 D@>63@5J :? 2 D>2== @77:46] x H@F=5?’E H2?E E@ :?G6DE:82E6 2?J @7 >J 4@==628F6D 2?5 x H@F=5?’E H2?E E96> :?G6DE:82E:?8 >6]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< :E ?665D E@ 36 @? 2 =2C86C =6G6= 3642FD6 @7 E96 D:K6 @7 @FC sp @77:46] x7 H6 925 2 sp @77:46 H:E9 d__ 2EE@C?6JD[ H9:49 6I:DE :? E96 DE2E6[ J@F 4@F=5 5@ E92E] qFE H:E9 E96 D:K6 @7 @FC @77:46D 2?5 6DA64:2==J[ :? D@>6 4@F?E:6D E96C6’D @?=J ` @C a AC@D64FE@CD :? 2? @77:46] xE ?665D E@ 36 5@?6 @? 2 =2C86C =6G6= 3FE J6D[ x DFAA@CE E92E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m $@[ J@F’C6 D2J:?8 :E ?665D E@ 36 5@?6 :?56A6?56?E=J @7 E96 sp’D @77:46nk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i x H@F=5 AC676C :E E@ 36 :?56A6?56?E] x E9:?< :E H@F=5 36 96=A7F= E@ 92G6 :?G6DE:82E:@?D 36 :?56A6?56?E 7@C 2== =2H\6?7@C46>6?E >:D4@?5F4E] %92E 36:?8 D2:5[ 7@C E96 sp’D @77:46[ x H@F=5 DFAA@CE :E E@ 36 >@C6 :?56A6?56?E :7 H6 4@F=5[ 3FE E92E H@F=5 92G6 E@ 36 2 4C62EFC6 @7 =68:D=2EFC6] qFE x H@F=5 H6=4@>6 E92E] x E9:?< @FC 4@?G:4E:@?D[ E96J 92G6 E@ DE2?5 FA E@ D4CFE:?J]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m xD E96C6 2 42D6 E92E J@F 42? A@:?E E@ :? J@FC A2DE E92E 7F?52>6?E2==J 2=E6C65 J@FC A6C46AE:@? @7 E96 ;FDE:46 DJDE6>n p?5 2C6 J@F 23=6 E@ E2=< 23@FE E92Enk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i *6D[ x’> 8@:?8 E@ E2=< 23@FE :E G28F6=J] x 92G6 2 4=:6?E[ D96’D 2 76>2=6 4=:6?E H9@ H2D 244FD65]]]2?5 x’> 8@:?8 E@ E2=< 23@FE EH@ 42D6D 3642FD6 E96D6 92AA6?65 :? G6CJ D:>:=2C E:>6D :? 2 G6CJ D:>:=2C A=246 D@ E96J’C6 <:?5 @7 :?E6C>:I65 :? >J 9625]k^Am
kAm~?6 4=:6?E 925 2 325 4C:>:?2= 9:DE@CJ[ 925 2 =@?8 A6C:@5 @7 ?@ 4@?5F4E[ 2?5 E96? H2D 244FD65 @7 D@>6E9:?8 C6=2E:G6=J >:?@C] qFE 7@C E96 9:DE@CJ[ :E H@F=5?’E 36 DF49 2 3:8 562=] p?5 x 36=:6G6 E92E D96 H2D :??@46?E] x DE:== 36=:6G6 E92E D96 :D :??@46?E] x 24EF2==J <?@H]]]x 2> 4@?7:56?E E92E D96 :D :??@46?E[ `__ A6C46?E]k^Am
kAmx H2D ?@E 23=6 E@ 86E E96 42D6 5:D>:DD65[ >2:?=J 32D65 @? E96 A2DE] p?5 :E :?G@=G65 HC:E:?8 2 4964< 2?5 E96C6 H2D 2 A6C764E=J C62D@?23=6 6IA=2?2E:@? 2D E@ H9J E92E 92AA6?65 3FE :E 5:5?’E >2EE6C] p?5 D@ H6 6?565 FA :? ;FCJ D6=64E:@? 2?5 D96 H2D @776C65 2 5676CC65 5:DA@D:E:@? 2?5 x E@@< E96 @776C 3642FD6 E92E’D H92E J@F 92G6 E@ 5@] p?5 :E H2D 2446AE65] p?5 E92E 42D6 E@ E9:D 52J 92F?ED >6] xE H2D 2 >:?@C 42D6[ :E 6?565 FA C62==J H6==[ :E 6?565 FA H:E9 D@=6=J 2 4@?G:4E:@? 3FE :E H2D ?@E D66? 2D 4@?G:4E:@?] p?5 E96 C62D@?D E92E E96 @776C H2D 2446AE65 :D E92E E96 A6CD@? H@F=5 36 2DDFC65 E92E E96J H@F=5 36 9@>6 H:E9 E96:C 72>:=J 2E %92?<D8:G:?8 2?5 r9C:DE>2D] p?5 E92E 42D6 92F?ED >6 3642FD6 x 36=:6G6 D96 H2D :??@46?E]k^Am
kAmx’G6 C6AC6D6?E65 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6] x H2D ?@E 2 3C2?5 ?6H AC@D64FE@C 2E E9:D E:>6[ x H2D D6G6C2= J62CD :?E@ AC@D64FE:?8] x 925 C6AC6D6?E65 2 ?F>36C @7 A6@A=6] x 5@?’E D2J :??@46?E =:89E=J] qFE x H2D 4@?G:?465 `__T E92E D96 H2D :??@46?E] p?5 E96 724E E92E D96 :D ?@H 4@?G:4E65 @7 D@>6E9:?8 E92E D96 5:5 ?@E 5@[ :E >2<6D >6 962CE D:4<] p?5 E92E x A2CE:4:A2E65[ x H6?E @? E96 C64@C5 282:?DE E96 C64@>>6?52E:@?] !6@A=6 92G6 2 C:89E E@ >2<6 E96:C @H? 564:D:@?D] qFE E96 :562 E92E E96 ;FDE:46 DJDE6> :D FD65 @C 42? 36 FD65…p?5 x 5@?’E E9:?< E96 AC@D64FE@C H2D E2C86E:?8 96C[ :E H2D?’E 2 A6CD@?2= E9:?8] qFE ;FDE E96 9:DE@CJ[ E9:D 2?5 E92E[ x 42? AC@G6 E92E E9:D :D H96C6 J@F’C6 8@:?8 E@ 6?5 FA]]]:E ;FDE >256 >6 D:4<[ :E >256 >6 962CE D:4<]k^Am
kAm%92E’D E96 H@CDE 42D6 D46?2C:@ :? @FC DJDE6>] ~FC DJDE6> :D 56D:8?65 D@ E92E H6 5@?’E ?@E 6G6C 4@?G:4E 2? :??@46?E A6CD@?] (6 2446AE E92E H6 =@D6 A6@A=6 H9@ 92G6 4@>>:EE65 4C:>6D 3FE H6 42??@E AC@G6 :E E@ E96 =6G6= E92E H6 ?665 :E E@ AC@G6 :E E@ E@ >2<6 E96 4@?G:4E:@? 92AA6?] p?5 H6 2446AE E92E =@DD] (6 2446AE E92E H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ =@D6 D@>6 A6@A=6 E92E D9@F=5 36 96=5 244@F?E23=6 7@C E96 24E:@?D H6 42??@E AC@G6 :? @C56C E@ AC6D6CG6 :??@46?E A6@A=6 7C@> 6G6C 92G:?8 4@?D6BF6?46D] $@ E92E H2D C62==J 92C5]k^Am
kAmp?5 E96? 2?@E96C 42D6 H96C6 x 925 2 AC@D64FE@C 5@ D@>6E9:?8 E92E x 5:5 ?@E 2AAC64:2E6] x 5@?’E H2?E E@ >2<6 <?@H? H9@ :E H2D] qFE 2== 492C86D H6C6 A2E6?E=J 72=D6] }@E 6G6? 4=@D6] %96J 5:5?’E A2DD E96 DEC2:89E 7246 E6DE]k^Am
kAm%96C6 H6C6 2 =@E @7 ?2DEJ 562=:?8D 369:?5 E96 D46?6D] |J 4=:6?E H2D @=56C] |J H:E?6DD6D H6C6 6=56C=J 2?5 E9:D A6CD@? 5:5 ?@E 5@ E96 C:89E E9:?8[ 6?565 FA AC@465FC2==J D4C6H:?8 2C@F?5 H:E9 E96 42D6] %96 42D6 H6?E 2H2J[ E96? E96J C6DE2CE65 E96 42D6 =2E6C]k^Am
kAmtG6?EF2==J x 5:5 86E :E 5:D>:DD65 3J 4@FCE @C56C 3642FD6 :E H2D D@ HC@?8] qFE E96 :562 E92E E96 A6CD@? 4@F=5 36 96=5 FA[ ;FDE H92E >J 4=:6?E H2D AFE E9C@F89 7@C 68@] p?5 E96C6 H2D ?@ @E96C[ x 42?’E 6IA=2:? :E @E96C E92? E92E] %96C6 H2D ?@ =2H E96C6[ E96C6 H6C6 ?@ 724ED E96C6] p 4C:>6 5:5 ?@E @44FC] p?5 :E 5:5?’E >2EE6C H92E x D2:5 @C 5:5 @C 7:=65 @C HC@E6 3642FD6 2 AC@D64FE@C 92D 4@?EC@= @G6C 42D6D[ E96 4@FCE 42?’E 5:D>:DD 2 42D6 F?E:= 27E6C :E’D 962C5 E96 724ED] (6 925 E@ 8@ E9C@F89 E92E H9@=6 AC@46DD 2?5 3642FD6 @7 D@>6 A@@C 4@?5F4E H6 925 E@ 8@ E9C@F89 E96 AC@46DD J6E 282:?] p7E6C E92E A@:?E[ :E ;FDE]]]:E H2D ;FDE HC@?8] p?5 E92E C62==J >256 >6 2?8CJ]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m r2? J@F 5:DE:== 7C@> E9@D6 42D6D H92E J@F E@@< 2H2Jn (92E :D :E 27E6C E9@D6 6IA6C:6?46 2?5 ?@H E92E J@F’C6 CF??:?8 7@C E96 sp[ :7 J@F 86E 6=64E65 2?5 J@F =@@< 324< @? E9@D6 6IA6C:6?46D[ H92E 2C6 E96 4@?4C6E6 =6DD@?D E92E J@F AF== 7C@> :E E@ :?7@C> J@FC H@C<nk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i (92E >2<6D >6 2 36EE6C AC@D64FE@C :D E92E x H2D 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J] %96C6’D ?@3@5J E92E x 92G6 AC@D64FE65 E92E x 92G6?’E D2E ?6IE E@ :? 2 G6CJ D:>:=2C D:EF2E:@?] p?5 x 92G6?’E DA@<6? H:E9 E92E A6CD@?[ 2?5 x 92G6?’E E2=<65 H:E9 E96> 23@FE @AE:@?D[ x 92G6?’E E2=<65 E@ E96> 23@FE E96:C 42D6 2?5 9@H E92E 42D6 27764ED E96:C =:G6D 2?5 E96:C 72>:=J’D =:G6D 2?5 9@H E@ 255C6DD :E] p?5 x E9:?< 36:?8 23=6 E@ C6=2E6 E@ A6@A=6 @? 3@E9 D:56D :D 6IEC6>6=J 96=A7F=]k^Am
kAm|J DEC6?8E9 :D 2=D@ E92E x 4@>6 @FE @7 E96 AC@D64FE@C’D @77:46 2?5 x 92G6 2 =@E @7 6IA6C:6?46 E92E’D C62==J C6=6G2?E E@ 3C:?8 E@ E96 E23=6 7@C E96 sp’D @77:46] w2G:?8 3@E9 A6CDA64E:G6D >2<6D >6 C6=2E6 E@ 2== D:56D H9:49 >2<6D >6 >@C6 72:C]k^Am
kAmx’> ?@E 2 42C66C AC@D64FE@C] %96C6’D ?@E9:?8 HC@?8 H:E9 36:?8 2 42C66C AC@D64FE@C 3FE x <?@H E92E >J 6IA6C:6?46D 7C@> >J A2DE 2D 2 5676?D6 2EE@C?6J[ 6DA64:2==J 7C@> E9@D6 EH@ 42D6D[ x 42? C62==J F?56CDE2?5 E96 H6:89E 2?5 E96 A@H6C E92E E96 ;F5:4:2= DJDE6> 92D] (96? :E’D 8@:?8 2=@?8 362FE:7F==J 2?5 H6 42? AC@E64E @FC 4@>>F?:EJ D276EJ 2?5 H6 9@=5 D@>6@?6 244@F?E23=6 2?5 E96J 8@ E9C@F89 E96 '6E6C2?’D r@FCE @C E96 r@\~44FCC:?8 s:D@C56CD 4@FCE 2?5 E96J 4@>6 @FE 2?5 E96J E92?< FD 2?5 E96J’C6 G6CJ DF446DD7F=[ E92E’D 2>2K:?8 H96? E92E 92AA6?D]k^Am
kAmqFE H96? :E 8@6D HC@?8[ 2?5 :E 8@6D HC@?8 :? H2JD E92E F?=6DD J@F’G6 366? :?42C46C2E65 @C DF3;64E E@ 2CC6DE @C 492C865 H:E9 2 4C:>6 J@F 42?’E 4@>AC696?5 H92E E92E :D[ E@ =:G6 H:E9 E92E 92?8:?8 @G6C J@FC 9625 2?5 E96 9625 @7 6G6CJ3@5J J@F =@G65] q6:?8 8C23365 @77 E96 DEC66E[ E9C@H? :? ;2:= 7@C 2 52J[ 2 H66<[ 2 >@?E9[ H92E6G6C[ 2?5 E96? 36:?8 DF3;64E E@ 2== E96D6 E9:?8D E92E 2C6 @FED:56 @7 J@FC 4@?EC@= 4C62E6D 2 =@E @7 2?I:6EJ] p?5 :7 :E’D >:DFD65… H96? :E’D H2CC2?E65[ :E’D 2 E@F89 D:EF2E:@?] (96? :E’D F?H2CC2?E65[ E92E’D 23D@=FE6=J[ H6 ;FDE 42?’E 92G6 E92E]k^Am
k9bmk6>m%96 !9@6?:Iik^6>m xD E96C6 2?JE9:?8 E92E E9:D C246 92D?’E E@F4965 @? E92E J@F E9:?< :D :>A@CE2?Enk^9bm
kAmuC2J=2 %2CA:?:2?i ~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D H6 ,42?5:52E6D. ?6G6C C62==J E@F49 @?[ 3642FD6 :E’D C62==J 3@C:?8 2?5 AC@323=J ?@3@5J 42C6D[ :D H96? J@F C62==J =@@< 2E H92E E96 sp’D @77:46 5@6D @? 2 52J\:?[ 52J\@FE 32D:D[ :E’D :>A@CE2?E E92E E96 A6CD@? H9@ :D :? E92E C@=6 F?56CDE2?5D 9@H E96 AC@46DD H@C<D] q642FD6 @? y2?F2CJ a?5[ E96 4@FCE’D 8@:?8 E@ @A6? FA] p?5 H6’C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 :?\4FDE@5J 5F6 E92E >@C?:?8 3642FD6 A6@A=6 H@F=5 92G6 8@EE6? 2CC6DE65 @G6C }6H *62C’D 6G6 9@=:52J 2?5 E96J ?665 E@ 36 D66?] p?5 J@F ?665 E@ 36 23=6 E@ 92G6 D@>63@5J E@ H2=< :?E@ E92E @77:46 H9@ 42? <66A :E 7F?4E:@?:?8]k^Am
kAmp82:?[ `_[___ 42D6D 2 J62C[ E96C6’D =6DD E92? d_ DE277 >6>36CD[ 2?5 E92E’D AC@D64FE@CD 2?5 DE277[ E92E’D ?@E 2== AC@D64FE@CD] (6 ?665 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E E96 @77:46 DE:== 7F?4E:@?D D@ E92E H6 2C6 DE:== 23=6 E@ >2:?E2:? H92E H6’C6 5@:?8 @? 2 52J\E@\52J 32D:D H6==] pE E96 D2>6 E:>6[ 4C62E:?8 492?86D 2?5 ?6H A@=:4:6D] %96C6’D ?@ E:>6 @FE 3642FD6 E96C6’D 2 492?86 :? E96 25>:?:DEC2E:@?]k^Am
kAmtG6CJE9:?8 E92E 92D E@ 92AA6? 92D E@ 92AA6? @? E@A @7 2 G6CJ 3FDJ @77:46] }@E DECF88=:?8 E@ <66A 27=@2E 3642FD6 @7 >:D>2?286>6?E[ DECF88=:?8 H:E9 E96 E96 ?F>36CD[ E96 D966C 42D6=@25 ?F>36CD 2C6 6?@C>@FD :? E96 DE2E6 @7 |2:?6 7@C 2== AC@D64FE@CD] (6’G6 925 >@C6 AC@D64FE@CD @FE :? E96 =2DE EH@ J62CD] (6 925 2? :?G6DE>6?E :? A6CD@??6= H9:49 :D ?66565] qFE @FC ?F>36CD 2C6 DE:== >F49 9:896C E92? E96 DE2?52C5D E92E 2C6 C6BF:C65] ~C E96 ,p>6C:42? q2C pDD@4:2E:@?. DE2?52C5D E92E 2C6 ?2E:@?2=]k^Am
kAm(6 ?665 D@>6@?6 H9@ 42? 9:E E96 8C@F?5 CF??:?8 3642FD6 E96 @77:46 :D ?6G6C 8@:?8 E@ E2<6 2 3C62<] p== @7 E96D6 C67@C>D 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ 92AA6? D:>F=E2?6@FD=J E@ <66A E96 @77:46 CF??:?8] p?5 E96C6’D D@>6 C62==J 3:8 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 E9:?8D E92E 2C6 4@>:?8 FA] %96 4@FCED DJDE6>D 2C6 8@:?8 2== 5:8:E2=[ A2A6C=6DD :? a_`h] %96 spD 92G6 E@ 4C62E6 2 DJDE6> 7@C E96:C 4@>AFE6CD E@ 4C62E6 2?5 86?6C2E6 5:8:E2= :?7@C>2E:@?] $@ :>>65:2E6=J :? a_`h[ E92E AC@D64FE@C :D 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ >2<6 D@>6 8@@5 564:D:@?D 23@FE 9@H H6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 562= H:E9 E9:D] w@H 2C6 H6 562=:?8 H:E9 7:=:?8 H:E9 E96 4@FCEn w@H 5@ H6 86E E92E 5:8:E2= :?7@C>2E:@? E@ 5676?D6 2EE@C?6JDn %96C6’D AC@46DD6D :? E96 H@C<D :? 6G6CJ 4@F?EJ] %96J’C6 5:776C6?E :? 6G6CJ 4@F?EJ] (6’C6 567:?:E6=J AC6A2C:?8 7@C :E[ E2=<:?8 23@FE :E[ 2?5 H@C<:?8 :E] x H@C<65 @? E96 4@>>:EE66 H9@ :D :?G@=G65 H:E9 E92E 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6] x’> ?@E @? :E 4FCC6?E=J 3FE x H2D @? :E 7@C J62CD]k^Am
kAm$@ :E’D ?@E ;FDE 23@FE >2<:?8 C67@C>] #67@C> :D :>A@CE2?E 2?5 ?665D E@ 4@>6] xE’D 2=D@ 23@FE >2<:?8 E92E @77:46 5@ H92E :E ?665D E@ 5@[ H9:49 :D 7:=:?8 4@>A=2:?ED[ 9@H6G6C E96 4@FCED 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 2446AE E96>[ 2?5 >2<:?8 DFC6 E96C6’D 2 3@5J :? 6G6CJ 4@FCE E92E’D ?66565 E@ 36 4@G6C65[ 42D6D 2C6 36:?8 D4C66?65 2AAC@AC:2E6=J 2?5 92?5=65 2AAC@AC:2E6=J[ E92E EC:2=D 2C6 4@?E:?F:?8 E@ 36 CF? 2?5 E92E A6@A=6 92G6 H92E E96J ?665 E@ 5@ E92E]k^Am
kAm%96 sp :D ?@E A6CD@?2==J 492C8:?8 :?E@ 6G6CJ 4@FCEC@@>] %96 sp :D E96 @?6 E92E’D >2<:?8 DFC6 E92E E96 4@FCEC@@>D 2C6 4@G6C65[ E96 42D6D 2C6 4@G6C65[ A@=:4:6D 7@C E96 42D6D 2C6 36:?8 5:DE:==65 2?5 5@:?8 E92E] x 3C:?8 2 =@E E@ E96 E23=6 @? E92E =6DD 6I4:E:?8 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 D:56] x H2?E E@ >2<6 E96 492?86D 2D H6==] qFE x E9:?< x’> E96 @?=J @?6 H9@ C62==J 92D 2? 6I24E 4@?46AE @7 H92E H2=<:?8 :?E@ E96 3FD:6DE sp @77:46 :? E96 DE2E6 :D 8@:?8 E@ =@@< =:<6 @? y2?F2CJ a?5]k^Am
kAm%@ 2 8C@FA @7 AC@D64FE@CD[ E92E :E’D 8@:?8 E@ 36 2 72:C=J =2C86 25>:?:DEC2E:G6 492?86 :7 :E’D 2 s6>@4C2E] q642FD6 H6 2C6 2== E2=<:?8 23@FE 5@:?8 E9:?8D 5:776C6?E=J E92? E9:?8D 92G6 366? 5@?6 2?5 E92E 42? 36[ E92E 492?86 :D 92C5 7@C 2?J3@5J]k^Am
kAmk6>mqC:2? $@?6?DE6:? :D E96 65:E@C @7k^6>m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^D925@HAC@@7]4@>^Qmk6>m$925@HAC@@7k^6>mk^2mk6>m]k^6>mk^Am
