The study found that near-surface winds can reach up to 160 kilometers per hour.
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Both caves found connect to underground cave networks that which could provide natural shelter.
The flag is expected to fetch $50,000 at auction.
"Rogue planets" don't orbit stars, free-floating on their own instead.
The massive protoplanet is around 5 million years old and about 437 light-years from Earth.
The interior of the mysterious far side of the satellite could be chillier than the side constantly facing Earth, according to an analysis.
The class will now complete nearly two years of training before becoming eligible for flight assignments supporting future science and exploration missions.
Scientists say this does not include more than 8,000 additional candidate planets awaiting confirmation.
NASA's Perseverance robot spotted the intriguing rock on Aug. 31 and stopped to snap a photograph.
The giant hole was spotted facing Earth, likely firing solar winds at our planet that could lead to spectacular auroras.